1
|
Morhason-Bello IO, Baisley K, Pavon MA, Adewole IF, Bakare R, Adebayo SA, de Sanjosé S, Francis SC, Watson-Jones D. Prevalence and concordance of penile, anal, and oral human papillomavirus infections among sexually active heterosexual men in Ibadan, Nigeria. Cancer Causes Control 2024:10.1007/s10552-024-01920-1. [PMID: 39361165 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-024-01920-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The data on epidemiology of Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in men are scarce relative to women generally, particularly among men engaging in heterosexual relationships. This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors for penile, anal, and oral HPV in men in two communities in Ibadan, Nigeria. METHODS This was a cross-sectional survey involving a face-to-face interview, a clinical examination, and sample collection from participants. HPV genotyping was performed with Anyplex II 28 HPV assay. The prevalences and factors associated with HPV infections using multivariable models and concordance between sites. RESULTS Of 316 men, the proportion of any HPV infection in the penile, anal, and oral sites was 40.5%, 9.7%, and 7.8%, respectively. The proportion of any high-risk HPV, low-risk HPV, and multiple HPV infections was highest in the penis followed by the anal and oral sites. Only 5/316 (1.6%) men had concordant HPV in all three sites, with the highest concordance in penile-anal sites relative to penile-oral and anal-oral sites. The odds of penile HPV were higher in men aged 25 years and above. Having penile HPV was associated with higher odds of detecting anal HPV and vice versa. Oral HPV was less likely in men not living with their sexual partners. CONCLUSION Penile HPV is the most common infection followed by anal HPV and oral HPV infections among heterosexual Nigerian men. Concordant HPV infections was highest in penile-anal sites. Nigerian men, as in other settings, are a reservoir of HPV and it is important to conduct more robust studies to appreciate their role in HPV transmission, epidemiology, and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imran O Morhason-Bello
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
- Institute of Advance Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
| | - Kathy Baisley
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Miquel Angel Pavon
- Infection and Cancer Laboratory, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, ICO Barcelona, Spain, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Gran Via de l'Hospitalet, 199-203, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isaac F Adewole
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Rasheed Bakare
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sikiru A Adebayo
- Urological Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Silvia de Sanjosé
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Medical Center Drive, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Baltimore, MD, 9609, USA
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Suzanna C Francis
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Deborah Watson-Jones
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ferré VM, Coppée R, Gbeasor-Komlanvi FA, Vacher S, Bridier-Nahmias A, Bucau M, Salou M, Lameiras S, Couvelard A, Dagnra AC, Bieche I, Descamps D, Ekouevi DK, Ghosn J, Charpentier C. Viral whole genome sequencing reveals high variations in APOBEC3 editing between HPV risk categories. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e70002. [PMID: 39400339 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are responsible for cervical cancer. However, little is known about the differences between HPV types and risk categories regarding their genetic diversity and particularly APOBEC3-induced mutations - which contribute to the innate immune response to HPV. Using a capture-based next-generation sequencing, 156 HPV whole genome sequences covering 43 HPV types were generated from paired cervical and anal swabs of 30 Togolese female sex workers (FSWs) sampled in 2017. Genetic diversity and APOBEC3-induced mutations were assessed at the viral whole genome and gene levels. Thirty-four pairwise sequence comparisons covering 24 HPV types in cervical and anal swabs revealed identical infections in the two anatomical sites. Differences in genetic diversity among HPV types was observed between patients. The E6 gene was significantly less conserved in low-risk HPVs (lrHPVs) compared to high-risk HPVs (hrHPVs) (p = 0.009). APOBEC3-induced mutations were found to be more common in lrHPVs than in hrHPVs (p = 0.005), supported by our data and by using large HPV sequence collections from the GenBank database. Focusing on the most common lrHPVs 6 and 11 and hrHPVs 16 and 18, APOBEC3-induced mutations were predominantly found in the E4 and E6 genes in lrHPVs, but were almost absent in these genes in hrHPVs. The variable APOBEC3 mutational signatures could contribute to the different oncogenic potentials between HPVs. Further studies are needed to conclusively determine whether APOBEC3 editing levels are associated to the carcinogenic potential of HPVs at the type and sublineage scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentine Marie Ferré
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm IAME UMR 1137, Paris, F-75018, France
- Service de Virologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Paris, F-75018, France
| | - Romain Coppée
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm IAME UMR 1137, Paris, F-75018, France
| | - Fifonsi A Gbeasor-Komlanvi
- Département de Santé Publique, Université de Lomé, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Lomé, Togo
- Centre Africain de Recherche en Epidémiologie et en Santé Publique (CARESP), Lomé, Togo
| | - Sophie Vacher
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | | | - Margot Bucau
- Département de Pathologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, F-75018, France
| | - Mounerou Salou
- Université de Lomé, Centre de Biologie Moléculaire et d'Immunologie, Lomé, Togo
| | - Sonia Lameiras
- Institut Curie, Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Anne Couvelard
- Département de Pathologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, F-75018, France
- Université de Paris, Centre of Research on Inflammation, Paris, INSERM U1149, France
| | - Anoumou Claver Dagnra
- Université de Lomé, Centre de Biologie Moléculaire et d'Immunologie, Lomé, Togo
- Programme national de lutte contre le sida et les infections sexuellement transmissibles, Lomé, Togo
| | - Ivan Bieche
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Diane Descamps
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm IAME UMR 1137, Paris, F-75018, France
- Service de Virologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Paris, F-75018, France
| | - Didier K Ekouevi
- Département de Santé Publique, Université de Lomé, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Lomé, Togo
- ISPED, Université de Bordeaux & Centre INSERM U1219 - Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jade Ghosn
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm IAME UMR 1137, Paris, F-75018, France
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, F-75018, France
| | - Charlotte Charpentier
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm IAME UMR 1137, Paris, F-75018, France
- Service de Virologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Paris, F-75018, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Džundová MN, Sehnal B, Zikán M, Kocián R, Dubová O, Hubka P, Dostálek L, Kabele P, Brtnický T, Slama J. Risk Factors for the Anal and Oral Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infections among Women with Severe Cervical Lesions: A Prospective Case-Control Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3183. [PMID: 38137404 PMCID: PMC10741157 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The carcinogenicity of HPV infection in the anogenital and oropharyngeal regions is broadly accepted. The aim of the study was to define risk factors for anal and oral HPV infections in high-risk patients with biopsy-proven severe cervical lesions (CIN2+). Altogether immunocompetent 473 females with CIN2+ were categorized into the study group and another 245 women into the control group. The strongest risk factor for anal HPV infection was the presence of cervical HPV infection (p < 0.001). Furthermore, ten or more lifetime sexual partners (p = 0.013), a sexual non-coital contact with the anal area (p < 0.001), and actively practicing anal-penetrative intercourse (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with anal HPV. A history of genital warts in the woman (p = 0.010) and the presence of genital warts in the male partner (p = 0.029) were found statistically significant for the risk of oral HPV infection. Our data suggest that the presence of HPV infection, especially high-risk genotypes, in one anatomical site poses the greatest risk for HPV infection in another anatomical site. The cervix is the main reservoir of infection, but the risk factors for anal and oral HPV infections are dissimilar according to different anatomical distances and more complex routes of transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Nipčová Džundová
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Bulovka University Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 18081 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.N.D.); (M.Z.); (O.D.); (P.H.); (P.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Borek Sehnal
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Bulovka University Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 18081 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.N.D.); (M.Z.); (O.D.); (P.H.); (P.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Michal Zikán
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Bulovka University Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 18081 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.N.D.); (M.Z.); (O.D.); (P.H.); (P.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Roman Kocián
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, General University Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.K.); (L.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Olga Dubová
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Bulovka University Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 18081 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.N.D.); (M.Z.); (O.D.); (P.H.); (P.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Petr Hubka
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Bulovka University Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 18081 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.N.D.); (M.Z.); (O.D.); (P.H.); (P.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Lukáš Dostálek
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, General University Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.K.); (L.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Pavel Kabele
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Bulovka University Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 18081 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.N.D.); (M.Z.); (O.D.); (P.H.); (P.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Tomáš Brtnický
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Bulovka University Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 18081 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.N.D.); (M.Z.); (O.D.); (P.H.); (P.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Jiri Slama
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, General University Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.K.); (L.D.); (J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Onwuamah CK, Feng N, Momoh AE, Uwandu M, Ahmed RA, Idigbe I, Vincent GD, Ogbu CA, Okonkwo N, Sokei J, Abimbola BS, Ojopagogo T, Okoli LC, Adesina M, Ezemelue PN, Sowunmi O, Okwuzu J, Labo−Popoola OH, Shaibu JO, Ohihoin GA, Nzeribe E, David A, Olaleye O, Ofotokun I, Dong X, Ezechi OC. Prevalence and risk factors for high-risk human papillomavirus infection among women from three southern geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1254304. [PMID: 37876969 PMCID: PMC10593479 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1254304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a risk factor for cervical cancer, the fourth most common cancer among women globally. Its burden is the highest in sub-Saharan Africa, with over 90% mortality. Interventions may fail without evidence-based data on stratified prevalence and risk factors among most at-risk women across Nigeria. Methods A cross-sectional comparative study, with participants recruited from the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research's Clinics, NGO outreaches, a cancer screening centre and a university teaching hospital. Questionnaires were self-administered. Trained medics performed sampling at healthcare facilities, and self-sampling was used at outreaches. Results Nine hundred eighty-five study participants were recruited. About 37% and 27% of the women knew about HPV and its vaccines, respectively, but only 6% confirmed vaccination with HPV vaccines. HPV prevalence was highest among women with unknown marital status (35.9%), single women (33.8%), widowed/divorced/separated women (30.3%), and married/cohabiting women (19.6%). HPV infection was significantly higher among women who take alcohol (odds=1.7 [95% CI: 1.2-2.4]) and women who smoke (odds=2.6 [95% CI: 1.4 - 4.6]. HPV strains detected included HPV16 (1.3%), HPV18 (1.5%), Low Risk (0.2%) and Other High-Risk groups (19.7%). Conclusion The inverse relationship between prevalence and education suggests interventions improving awareness and prevention would be impactful. Such interventions could also target HIV-positive women, women presenting with sexually-transmitted infections, who smoke and frequently drink alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chika Kingsley Onwuamah
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ning Feng
- Center for Global Public Health, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Abidemi Esther Momoh
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Mabel Uwandu
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Rahaman Ademolu Ahmed
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ifeoma Idigbe
- Centre for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigeria Institute Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Grace Deborah Vincent
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Chinenye Angela Ogbu
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Nkem Okonkwo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Delta, Nigeria
| | - Judith Sokei
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Oncology (Hematology), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Bowofoluwa Sharon Abimbola
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Temiloluwa Ojopagogo
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Leona Chika Okoli
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Mary Adesina
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Priscilla Ngozi Ezemelue
- Centre for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigeria Institute Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Omowunmi Sowunmi
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Jane Okwuzu
- Centre for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigeria Institute Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olaoniye Habeebat Labo−Popoola
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Ojonugwa Shaibu
- Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Greg Aigbe Ohihoin
- Centre for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigeria Institute Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Emily Nzeribe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo, Nigeria
| | - Agatha David
- Centre for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigeria Institute Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Olaleye
- Screening Section, Optimal Cancer Care Foundation Centre, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ighovwerha Ofotokun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Xiao−ping Dong
- Center for Global Public Health, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi
- Centre for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigeria Institute Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Poljak M, Cuschieri K, Alemany L, Vorsters A. Testing for Human Papillomaviruses in Urine, Blood, and Oral Specimens: an Update for the Laboratory. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0140322. [PMID: 37439692 PMCID: PMC10446865 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01403-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Twelve high-risk alpha human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes cause approximately 690,000 cancer cases annually, with cervical and oropharyngeal cancer being the two most prominent types. HPV testing is performed in laboratory settings for various applications of a clinical, epidemiological, and research nature using a range of clinical specimens collected by clinicians or by individuals (self-collected specimens). Here, we reflect on the importance and justification of using the right test for the right application and provide practical updates for laboratories either participating in or anticipating involvement in HPV testing in three specimen types, namely, urine, blood, and oral specimens, which are considered "alternative" specimens by many. In addition to clinician-collected cervical samples and self-collected cervicovaginal samples, first-void urine is emerging as a credible specimen for HPV-based cervical cancer screening, triage of HPV screen-positive women, monitoring HPV vaccine impact, and HPV testing in groups for which a less invasive sample is preferred. Detection of cell-free DNA (including HPV DNA) in blood has great promise for the early detection of HPV-attributable oropharyngeal cancer (HPV-AOC) and potentially other HPV-driven cancers and as an adjunct prognostic marker in long-term tumor surveillance, including treatment response. The moderate sensitivity of HPV testing in oral rinses or swabs at HPV-AOC diagnosis prevents its use in HPV-AOC secondary prevention but represents a promising prognostic tool in HPV-AOC tertiary prevention, where the HPV persistence in oral rinses throughout treatment may predict early HPV-AOC recurrences and/or the development of secondary HPV-AOC. The increasing sophistication of specific collection devices designed for alternative samples and the enhanced precision of novel molecular technologies are likely to support the evolution of this field and catalyze potential translation into routine practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Poljak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kate Cuschieri
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Laia Alemany
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alex Vorsters
- Centre for Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
HERZUM ASTRID, CICCARESE GIULIA, DRAGO FRANCESCO, PASTORINO ANGELA, DEZZANA MARIH, MAVILIA MARIAGABRIELLA, SOLA SIMONA, COPELLO FRANCESCO, PARODI AURORA. Cervical, oral and anal Human papillomavirus infection in women attending the Dermatology Unit of a regional reference hospital in Genoa, Italy: a prevalence study. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E415-E419. [PMID: 36415298 PMCID: PMC9648552 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.3.1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. In women with genital infection, the virus can be transmitted by sex to the oral cavity of their partners and then to their own oral cavity. The aim of the present study was to establish the prevalence of cervical/anal/oral HPV infection in women attending the Dermatology Unit of the Policlinico San Martino of Genoa, the regional reference hospital in Liguria, Italy. METHODS Between January 2016 and December 2018, the female patients attending the STI center (cases) and those requiring a full body skin examination for skin cancer screening ("supposed" healthy population: controls) were recruited. Cervical/anal/oral samples were collected with ThinPrep liquid based cytology preparation system: polymerase chain reaction for HPV and cytological evaluation were performed. Overall, 85 cases and 31 controls were recruited. RESULTS Cervical HPV infection was detected in 60% of the cases and 48% of the controls; anal HPV infection in 44% of the cases and 26% of the controls. Cervical and anal HPV infection resulted associated, especially in the control group. Moreover, 32% of the cases and 29% of the controls proved HPV positive in the oral cavity. In the cases of our series, prevalence of cervical, anal and oral HPV infection was higher compared with the controls. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of anal-oral infections and the frequent association between anal and cervical infections, provide reason to suggest HPV screening also in the anal and oral regions, which may represent HPV reservoirs and grounds for cancer development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- ASTRID HERZUM
- DISSAL Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa, Genoa Italy
| | - GIULIA CICCARESE
- Dermatology Clinic, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence: Giulia Ciccarese, Section of Dermatology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy. Tel.: +393208111421 - Fax: +390105556509 - E-mail:
| | - FRANCESCO DRAGO
- Dermatology Clinic, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - SIMONA SOLA
- Pathology Unit EO Galliera Hospitals, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - AURORA PARODI
- DISSAL Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa, Genoa Italy
- Dermatology Clinic, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|