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Zhang Y, Wang D, Wu F, Huang X, Chai X, Yang L. Transcriptome Analysis on the Quality of Epimedium koreanum in Different Soil Moisture Conditions at Harvesting Stage. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:528. [PMID: 38790157 PMCID: PMC11120683 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Epimedium koreanum is a traditional Chinese tonic herb. Its main medicinal components are secondary metabolites such as flavonoids and flavonol glycosides, but the biosynthetic mechanism is still unclear. Moisture conditions are a key environmental factor affecting E. koreanum medicinal components during harvesting. Different stages of E. koreanum under natural conditions after rainfall were selected to study changes in physiological properties, herb quality, and transcriptome. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased significantly in the D3 stage after rainfall, and protective enzyme levels also rose. Additionally, the flavonol glycoside content was relatively high. We sequenced the transcriptomes of D1, D3, and D9 (R) and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to flavonoid synthesis. This analysis allowed us to predict the roadmap and key genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis for E. koreanum. These results suggest that the E. koreanum quality can be enhanced by natural drought conditions in the soil after precipitation during harvest. The harvesting period of E. koreanum is optimal when soil moisture naturally dries to a relative water content of 26% after precipitation. These conditions help E. koreanum tolerate a certain level of water scarcity, resulting in increased expression of flavonoid-related genes and ultimately enhancing the quality of the herb.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Limin Yang
- Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory for Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management of Jilin Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (F.W.); (X.H.); (X.C.)
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Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zou J, Lin S, Chen M, Miao P, Jia X, Cheng P, Pang X, Ye J, Wang H. Transcriptomic Analysis of the Effect of Pruning on Growth, Quality, and Yield of Wuyi Rock Tea. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3625. [PMID: 37896087 PMCID: PMC10610282 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Pruning is an important agronomic measure in tea plantation management. In this study, we analyzed the effect of pruning on gene expression in tea leaves from a transcriptomics perspective and verified the results of a transcriptomic analysis in terms of changes in physiological indicators of tea leaves. The results showed that pruning enhanced the gene expression of nine metabolic pathways in tea leaves, including fatty acid synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and plant hormone signal transduction, thereby promoting the growth of tea plants and increasing tea yield. However, pruning reduced the gene expression of nine metabolic pathways, including secondary metabolites biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis, and lowered the content of caffeine, flavonoids, and free amino acids in tea plant leaves. In conclusion, pruning could promote the growth of tea plants and increase the yield of tea, but it was not conducive to the accumulation of some quality indicators in tea leaves, especially caffeine, flavonoids, and free amino acids, which, in turn, reduced the quality of tea. This study provides an important theoretical reference for the management of agronomic measures in tea plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (Q.Z.)
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (Q.Z.)
| | - Yuhua Wang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China (J.Z.)
| | - Jishuang Zou
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China (J.Z.)
| | - Shaoxiong Lin
- College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China
| | - Meihui Chen
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (Q.Z.)
| | - Pengyao Miao
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (Q.Z.)
| | - Xiaoli Jia
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (Q.Z.)
| | - Pengyuan Cheng
- College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China
| | - Xiaomin Pang
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (Q.Z.)
| | - Jianghua Ye
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (Q.Z.)
| | - Haibin Wang
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (Q.Z.)
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Li J, Wen J, Hu R, Pei S, Li T, Shan B, Huang H, Zhu C. Transcriptome Responses to Different Environments in Intertidal Zones in the Peanut Worm Sipunculus nudus. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1182. [PMID: 37759582 PMCID: PMC10525638 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The peanut worm (Sipunculus nudus) is an important intertidal species worldwide. Species living in the same aquaculture area might suffer different environmental impacts. To increase knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the response to environmental fluctuations, we performed a transcriptome analysis of S. nudus from different intertidal zones using a combination of the SMRT platform and the Illumina sequencing platform. (1) A total of 105,259 unigenes were assembled, and 23,063 unigenes were perfectly annotated. The results of the PacBio Iso-Seq and IIIumina RNA-Seq enriched the genetic database of S. nudus. (2) A total of 830 DEGs were detected in S. nudus from the different groups. In particular, 33 DEGs had differential expression in the top nine KEGG pathways related to pathogens, protein synthesis, and cellular immune response and signaling. The results indicate that S. nudus from different zones experience different environmental stresses. (3) Several DEGs (HSPA1, NFKBIA, eEF1A, etc.) in pathways related to pathogens (influenza A, legionellosis, measles, and toxoplasmosis) had higher expression in groups M and L. HSPA1 was clearly enriched in most of the pathways, followed by NFKBIA. The results show that the peanut worms from the M and L tidal flats might have suffered more severe environmental conditions. (4) Some DEGs (MKP, MRAS, and HSPB1) were upregulated in peanut worms from the H tidal flat, and these DEGs were mainly involved in the MAPK signaling pathway. These results indicate that the MAPK pathway may play a vital role in the immune response of the peanut worm to the effects of different intertidal flats. This study provides a valuable starting point for further studies to elucidate the molecular basis of the response to different environmental stresses in S. nudus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Li
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (J.L.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (B.S.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Jiufu Wen
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (J.L.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (B.S.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Ruiping Hu
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510316, China
| | - Surui Pei
- Corregene Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102600, China;
| | - Ting Li
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (J.L.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (B.S.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Binbin Shan
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (J.L.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (B.S.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Honghui Huang
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (J.L.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (B.S.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Changbo Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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Dong S, Wang X, Li X, Tian Y, Zhou X, Qu Z, Wang X, Liu L. Mechanism of Mepiquat Chloride Regulating Soybean Response to Drought Stress Revealed by Proteomics. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2037. [PMID: 37653954 PMCID: PMC10222127 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Soybeans are the main sources of oil and protein for most of the global population. As the population grows, so does the demand for soybeans. However, drought is a major factor that limits soybean production. Regulating soybean response to drought stress using mepiquat chloride (MC) is a feasible method; however, its mechanism is still unclear. This study used PEG-6000 to simulate drought stress and quantitative proteomic techniques to reveal changes in Heinong44 (HN44) and Heinong65 (HN65) subjected to drought following the application of 100 mg/L of MC. The results showed that SOD in HN44 did not change significantly but decreased by 22.61% in HN65 after MC pretreatment, and MDA content decreased by 22.75% and 21.54% in HN44 and HN65, respectively. Furthermore, MC improved the GSH-ASA cycle and simultaneously promoted the Calvin cycle process to enable the plant to maintain a certain carbon assimilation rate under osmotic stress. In addition, MC upregulated some proteins during gluconeogenesis and starch metabolism and increased soluble sugar content by 8.41% in HN44. MC also reduced ribosomal protein abundance, affecting translation and amino acid metabolism. In summary, MC improved GSH-ASA cycle and Calvin cycle under stress to alleviate oxidative damage and maintain crop growth. Our study is the first to report the mechanism of MC regulation in soybean under osmotic stress, providing new insights for the rational application of MC in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoukun Dong
- Agricultural College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Agricultural College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Heilongjiang Agricultural Engineering Vocational College, Harbin 150088, China
| | - Yumei Tian
- Agricultural College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Agricultural College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhipeng Qu
- Agricultural College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiyue Wang
- Agricultural College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Agricultural College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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