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Pahwa V, Pimple SA, Bhattacharjee A, Kuberkar D, Mishra GA, Chaturvedi P. Behavioural interventions for tobacco cessation in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:2542-2551. [PMID: 38186806 PMCID: PMC10771179 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1017_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Tobacco consumption is an area of public health concern in India. One of the unmet needs of many low-resource countries is to provide cost-effective tobacco cessation interventions for reducing tobacco-related mortality. This article reviews studies on non-pharmacological interventions for tobacco cessation in India. A systematic review by PICO (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) of behavioural intervention-based tobacco cessation studies that met the inclusion criteria, with a minimum 1-month follow-up, reporting outcomes in terms of frequencies or percentages published between 2010 and 2020 was performed. Following the review stages, 16 studies comprising 9,613 participants were included in the review. A pooled estimate was derived using both fixed-effects and random-effects models. The intervention showed good overall efficacy for any tobacco user (relative risk [RR] = 1.73 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.58-1.90) (fixed-effect model)] and (RR = 2.02 [95% CI: 1.64-2.48] [random-effects model]). Behavioural intervention studies targeted towards only smokers (RR of 1.81 [95% CI: 1.55-2.11] and 1.96 [95% CI: 1.52-2.53]) and combined smoking and smokeless tobacco users (RR of 1.69 [95% CI: 1.50-1.90] and 2.12 [95% CI: 1.49-3.01]) were equally efficacious. The review provides the effectiveness of behavioural interventions in quitting tobacco among users of both smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco. The review findings are of particular significance to inform health policy decisions on the integration of cost-effective brief behavioural intervention into existing health care services in resource-constrained countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandita Pahwa
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Center, New Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Sharmila A. Pimple
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology (CCE), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Atanu Bhattacharjee
- Section of Biostatistics, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepali Kuberkar
- Department of Library Science, Digital Library, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gauravi A. Mishra
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology (CCE), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pankaj Chaturvedi
- Department of Head Neck Surgery, Deputy Director, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology (CCE), Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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