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Diamant R, Testolin A, Shachar I, Galili O, Scheinin A. Observational study on the non-linear response of dolphins to the presence of vessels. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6062. [PMID: 38480760 PMCID: PMC10937978 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
With the large increase in human marine activity, our seas have become populated with vessels that can be overheard from distances of even 20 km. Prior investigations showed that such a dense presence of vessels impacts the behaviour of marine animals, and in particular dolphins. While previous explorations were based on a linear observation for changes in the features of dolphin whistles, in this work we examine non-linear responses of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) to the presence of vessels. We explored the response of dolphins to vessels by continuously recording acoustic data using two long-term acoustic recorders deployed near a shipping lane and a dolphin habitat in Eilat, Israel. Using deep learning methods we detected a large number of 50,000 whistles, which were clustered to associate whistle traces and to characterize their features to discriminate vocalizations of dolphins: both structure and quantities. Using a non-linear classifier, the whistles were categorized into two classes representing the presence or absence of a nearby vessel. Although our database does not show linear observable change in the features of the whistles, we obtained true positive and true negative rates exceeding 90% accuracy on separate, left-out test sets. We argue that this success in classification serves as a statistical proof for a non-linear response of dolphins to the presence of vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roee Diamant
- Department of Marine Technologies, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.
- Faculty of Electrical and Computing Engineering, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Alberto Testolin
- Department of Mathematics and the Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilan Shachar
- Department of Marine Technologies, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Ori Galili
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Aviad Scheinin
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Lee SB, Yuen AHL, Lee YM, Kim SW, Kim S, Poon CTC, Jung WJ, Giri SS, Kim SG, Jo SJ, Park JH, Hwang MH, Seo JP, Choe S, Kim BY, Park SC. Adhesive Bowel Obstruction (ABO) in a Stranded Narrow-Ridged Finless Porpoise ( Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3767. [PMID: 38136803 PMCID: PMC10741132 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this case report, we present a rare occurrence of a narrow-ridged finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri), discovered on the coast of Jeju Island, Republic of Korea, that was afflicted with adhesive bowel obstruction (ABO), a life-threatening condition that has scarcely been reported in cetaceans. Diagnosis of ABO was confirmed via radiological and clinical assessments. Post-mortem computed tomography and necropsy revealed ABO between two loops of the jejunum at the L8 level. The mesenteric tissue covering the intestinal lesion was severely thickened with increased tension. Both bowel loops were fixed to the mesentery and acutely angulated, leading to asymmetrical thickening of the cross-sectional bowel walls. The intestinal lumen was stenosed because of pressure from the firm mesenteric band, and no fecal matter was observed in the lumen of the posterior bowel or rectum. Calcified nodules were detected, and histological analysis suggested parasitic or suspected post-parasitic infections. The primary cause of the intestinal lesions is presumed to be a reaction related to parasitic infection. However, further investigations would establish a definitive link between parasitic infections and ABO in this species. This case highlights the importance of studying rare medical conditions in wildlife, providing valuable insights into marine mammal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Bin Lee
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.B.L.); (Y.M.L.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.); (S.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (M.H.H.)
| | - Adams Hei Long Yuen
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.B.L.); (Y.M.L.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.); (S.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (M.H.H.)
- Radiotherapy and Oncology Centre, Gleneagles Hospital Hong Kong, Wong Chuk Hang, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Young Min Lee
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.B.L.); (Y.M.L.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.); (S.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (M.H.H.)
| | - Sang Wha Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Endemic Disease, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea;
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmin Kim
- Department of Parasitology, Parasite Research Center, International Parasite Resource Bank, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (S.C.)
| | | | - Won Joon Jung
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.B.L.); (Y.M.L.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.); (S.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (M.H.H.)
| | - Sib Sankar Giri
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.B.L.); (Y.M.L.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.); (S.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (M.H.H.)
| | - Sang Guen Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea;
| | - Su Jin Jo
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.B.L.); (Y.M.L.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.); (S.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (M.H.H.)
| | - Jae Hong Park
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.B.L.); (Y.M.L.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.); (S.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (M.H.H.)
| | - Mae Hyun Hwang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.B.L.); (Y.M.L.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.); (S.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (M.H.H.)
| | - Jong-pil Seo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seongjun Choe
- Department of Parasitology, Parasite Research Center, International Parasite Resource Bank, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Byung Yeop Kim
- Department of Marine Industry and Maritime Police, College of Ocean Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Chang Park
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.B.L.); (Y.M.L.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.); (S.J.J.); (J.H.P.); (M.H.H.)
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