Randhawa KS, Lee BW, Micali G, Benson BE, Schwartz RA. Cutaneous sarcoidosis: Lupus pernio and more.
Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2022;
157:220-227. [PMID:
35274876 DOI:
10.23736/s2784-8671.21.07027-4]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a multi-organ disease commonly evident with skin involvement. Cutaneous manifestations occur in about 25% of sarcoid patients and are of two types: histologically specific sarcoidal infiltrations and a cutaneous reaction pattern not containing sarcoidal changes, usually erythema nodosum. Cutaneous plaques, nodules, and tumors, sometimes with disfiguring facial features associated with pain and paresthesia. The disease itself may produce substantial morbidity due to visceral involvement. Advances in therapeutic options include tocilizumab, an IL-6 inhibitor, and tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor. This review discusses sarcoidosis etiology and pathogenesis, its clinical features, differential diagnosis, and management.
Collapse