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Dewi RR, Nuryawan A, Jajere SM, Sihombing JM, Tambunan IJ. Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli derived from an integrated agroforestry-livestock system in Deli Serdang Regency, Indonesia. Vet World 2024; 17:690-699. [PMID: 38680150 PMCID: PMC11045535 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.690-699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a significant global concern. Epidemiological data do not provide a robust description of the potential risks associated with AMR in the integrated agroforestry-livestock systems in Indonesia. Thus, the present study investigated the phenotypic and multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles of Escherichia coli strains isolated from the feces of livestock raised in the agro-silvopastoral system in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. Materials and Methods A standard microbiological culture procedure was followed to isolate the organism and test antibiotic susceptibility using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion protocol. Furthermore, the multiple antibiotic resistance index was determined. Univariate analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors associated with AMR. Results The vast majority (77.5%) of livestock farmers were aged >30 years. All farmers were men and had no higher education (100% of them). The majority of the animal species managed were cattle and goats (37.5% each) and the livestock grazing pasture system (67.5%). In addition, the majority of farmers reported high antimicrobial use on their farms (87.5%). Of the samples (n = 142) analyzed, n = 70 were positive, with an overall prevalence of 44.4%. The species-specific prevalences of E. coli were 32.5%, 47.8%, and 50% in buffalo, goat, and cattle, respectively. Ampicillin and tetracyclines exhibited high resistance levels among the studied animal species. A relatively lower MDR for E. coli was associated with grazing on the pasture. Conclusion The findings from the current study provide baseline epidemiological information for future robust studies aimed at elucidating the drivers and patterns of AMR in agro-silvopastoral systems in the study area or elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Rosmala Dewi
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Arif Nuryawan
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Saleh Mohammed Jajere
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Juli Mutiara Sihombing
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Ika Julianti Tambunan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien, Medan, Indonesia
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Puspandari N, Sunarno S, Febrianti T, Febriyana D, Saraswati RD, Rooslamiati I, Amalia N, Nursofiah S, Hartoyo Y, Herna H, Mursinah M, Muna F, Aini N, Risniati Y, Dhewantara PW, Allamanda P, Wicaksana DN, Sukoco R, Efadeswarni, Nelwan EJ, Cahyarini, Haryanto B, Sihombing B, Soares Magalhães RJ, Kakkar M, Setiawaty V, Matheu J. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli surveillance in the human, food chain, and environment sectors: Tricycle project (pilot) in Indonesia. One Health 2021; 13:100331. [PMID: 34632041 PMCID: PMC8493575 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has been implementing antimicrobial surveillance with a "One Health" approach, known as the Global Surveillance ESBL E. coli Tricycle Project. We describe the implementation of the Tricycle Project (pilot) in Indonesia, focusing on its results, challenges and recommendations. The samples were 116 patients with bloodstream infections caused by ESBL E. coli, 100 rectal swabs collected from pregnant women, 240 cecums of broiler, and 119 environmental samples, using the standardized method according to the guidelines. ESBL-producing E. coli was found in 40 (40%) of the 100 pregnant women, while the proportion of ESBL-producing E. coli was 57.7% among the total E. coli-induced bloodstream infections. ESBL-producing E. coli was isolated from 161 (67.1%) out of 240 broilers. On the other hand, the average concentration of E. coli in the water samples was 2.0 × 108 CFU/100 mL, and the ratio of ESBL-producing E. coli was 12.8% of total E. coli. Unfortunately, 56.7% of questionnaires for patients were incomplete. The Tricycle Project (pilot) identified that the proportion of ESBL-producing E. coli was very high in all types of samples, and several challenges and obstacles were encountered during the implementation of the study in Indonesia. The finding of this study have implication to health/the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance. We recommend continuing this project and extending this study to other provinces to determine the AMR burden as the baseline in planning AMR control strategies in Indonesia. We also recommend improving the protocol of this study to minimize obstacles in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Puspandari
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sunarno Sunarno
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tati Febrianti
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Febriyana
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ratih Dian Saraswati
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Indri Rooslamiati
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Novi Amalia
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sundari Nursofiah
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yudi Hartoyo
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Herna Herna
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mursinah Mursinah
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Fauzul Muna
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nurul Aini
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yenni Risniati
- Centre for Research and Development of Health Resources and Services, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara
- Centre for Research and Development of Public Health Efforts, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Rinto Sukoco
- Disease Investigation Center Subang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Efadeswarni
- Research and Development for Environmental Quality and Laboratory Center, Banten, Indonesia
| | | | - Cahyarini
- Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | | | | | - Vivi Setiawaty
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jorge Matheu
- WHO Food Safety and Zoonoses Department, Geneva, Switzerland
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Occurrence and Characteristics of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Dairy Cattle, Milk, and Farm Environments in Peninsular Malaysia. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9121007. [PMID: 33266299 PMCID: PMC7760176 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9121007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance genes and resistant bacteria do not recognize animal, human, or geographic boundaries. Addressing this threat requires a multidisciplinary approach involving human, animal, and environmental health (One Health) sectors. This is because antimicrobial agents used in veterinary medicine have been reported to be the same or similar to those in human medicine use. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) E. coli is a growing public health problem worldwide, and the agri-food industry is increasingly becoming a source of clinically important ESBL bacteria. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and characteristics of ESBL-producing E. coli from dairy cattle, milk, and the farm environment. E. coli isolates were identified by their 16sRNA, and their ESBL production was confirmed using ESBL–CHROMagar media and the double disk diffusion method. Genotypes of ESBL producers were characterized using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) assay. It was found that 18 (4.8%) of the total samples were positive for ESBL-producing E. coli. Of these, 66.7% were from milk, and 27.8% and 5.5% were from the farm environment and faecal samples, respectively. Predominant ESBL genotypes identified were a combination of both TEM and CTX-M in eight out of 18 (44.4%) isolates. Four (22.2%) isolates produced the CTX-M gene, two (11.1%) isolates produced the TEM gene, and four (22.2%) remaining isolates produced the ESBL genes other than TEM, SHV, CTX-M, and OXA. The SHV and OXA gene were not detected in all 18 isolates. In all, there were four profiles of genetic similarity. The occurrence of these genotypes in indicator organisms from dairy cattle, milk, and the farm environment further re-enforced the potential of food-animals as sources of ESBL-producing E. coli infection in humans via the food chain. Thus, there is the need for the adoption of a tripartite One Health approach in surveillance and monitoring to control antimicrobial resistance.
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