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Nak-On S, Srimontok P, Jamsiang M, Chontananarth T. Complex morphological characterization and morphometric-molecular discrimination of two paramphistome species co-infecting cattle, Orthocoelium sp. and Paramphistomum epiclitum. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2022; 30:100708. [PMID: 35431066 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2022.100708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Co-infection by two paramphistome species, Orthocoelium sp. and Paramphistomum epiclitum, is found in cattle in Thailand. The morphological features of these and other paramphistomes under a light microscope are similar, resulting in misidentification and misdiagnosis. We classified these paramphistomes into three morphological variation types, namely Orthocoelium sp., P. epiclitum MV1 (immature), and P. epiclitum MV2 (matured). Ten morphological characteristics were investigated, and the values were transformed into 25 ratio criteria for statistical investigation. Morphometric analysis can classify the variation of these specimens using differences in the bifurcal level, the vitellaria starting level, the starting level of the anterior testis, and the center level of the posterior testis positions by body length ratios. These ratios can separate the samples into three morphologically different groups, whereas molecular analysis based on the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene could only distinguish two specific groups. In addition, the Orthocoelium specimen, related to O. dicranocoelium and O. parvipapillatum according to morphological and histological analysis, was monophyletic grouped via ITS2 analysis. Our study provides a scientific basis for the taxonomic classification and clustering of morphologically varying species, improving the identification, detection, and diagnosis of co-infecting paramphistomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirapat Nak-On
- Applied Parasitology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Pornwipa Srimontok
- Applied Parasitology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Marayad Jamsiang
- Applied Parasitology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Thapana Chontananarth
- Applied Parasitology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand; Research and Innovation Unit for Diagnosis of Medical and Veterinary Important Parasites, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
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Qureshi AW, Javed B, Khan L. Analysis of internal transcribed spacer1 (ITS1) region of rDNA for genetic characterization of Paramphistomum sp.. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5617-5620. [PMID: 34588872 PMCID: PMC8459073 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Paramphistomosis is the most prevalent disease of domestic ruminants, causing heavy economic loss in many countries across the world. The morphological identification of these parasites is difficult, therefore molecular characterization is used to discriminate Paramphistomum species. The present study was conducted to identify Paramphistomum sp. at Mardan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. All samples of these rumen flukes were collected from buffalo. The gDNA was isolated from the adult parasites and the ITS1 region was amplified for the sequence analysis. All flukes had 100% similarity and there was no intraspecific variation. The Blast results showed that all flukes were P. cervi as they form a single cluster with P. cervi reported from China. The results of the ITS1 sequences of the present study with reference sequencing from China showed eight specific SNPs. This was the first study in which P. cervi was genetically characterized through the ITS1 region of rDNA at District Mardan, Pakistan. It can also be used as a marker for the genetic identification of Paramphistomum species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Waheed Qureshi
- Department of Zoology, Government College Women University Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Javed
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Luqman Khan
- School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 94158 CA, USA
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Alves PV, Assis JCA, López-Hernández D, Pulido-Murillo EA, Melo AL, Locke SA, Pinto HA. A phylogenetic study of the cecal amphistome Zygocotyle lunata (Trematoda: Zygocotylidae), with notes on the molecular systematics of Paramphistomoidea. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:2511-2520. [PMID: 32562066 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06749-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Zygocotyle lunata inhabits the caecum of birds and mammals from the American continent. This amphistome parasite is easily maintained in the laboratory and serves as a model organism in life-cycle studies, but it has seldom been studied using molecular data. Neither the position of Z. lunata in the superfamily Paramphistomoidea nor the monophyly of the Zygocotylidae has been evaluated with molecular phylogenetic methods. In the present study, adult specimens of Z. lunata obtained experimentally in mice from Brazil were submitted to molecular studies. Partial sequences of nuclear (1261 bp of 28S and 418 bp of 5.8S-ITS-2) and mitochondrial (1410 bp of cytochrome c oxidase 1, cox1) markers were compared with published data. In the most well-resolved phylogeny, based on 28S sequences, Z. lunata clustered in a well-supported clade with Wardius zibethicus, the only other species currently included in the Zygocotylidae, thus confirming the validity of this family. Divergence of 28S sequences between these species was 2.2%, which falls in the range of intergeneric variation (0.9-5.6%) observed in the other two monophyletic groups in the 28S tree, i.e., representatives of Gastrodicidae and Neotropical cladorchiids (Cladorchiidae). Analysis of ITS-2 and two parts of the cox1 gene placed Z. lunata within poorly resolved clades or large polytomies composed of several paramphistomoid families, without clarifying higher-level phylogenetic relationships. The cox1 of a Brazilian isolate of Z. lunata is 99.6% similar to a Canadian isolate, confirming the pan-American distribution of the species. Finally, our phylogenetic reconstructions of Paramphistomoidea revealed a complex scenario in the taxonomic composition of some amphistome families, which highlights a need for further integrative studies that will likely result in rearrangements of traditional morphology-based classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe V Alves
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Jordana C A Assis
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Danimar López-Hernández
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A Pulido-Murillo
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Alan L Melo
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Sean A Locke
- Department of Biology, Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
| | - Hudson A Pinto
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30123-970, Brazil.
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