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Nguyen TT, Mai TN, Dang-Xuan S, Nguyen-Viet H, Unger F, Lee HS. Emerging zoonotic diseases in Southeast Asia in the period 2011-2022: a systematic literature review. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-15. [PMID: 38229485 PMCID: PMC10795789 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2300965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
As COVID-19 has shown, pandemics and outbreaks of emerging infections such as Zika, Nipah, monkeypox and antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, especially emerging zoonotic diseases, continue to occur and may even be increasing in Southeast Asia. In addition, these infections often result from environmental changes and human behaviour. Overall, public health surveillance to identify gaps in the literature and early warning signs are essential in this region. A systematic review investigated the prevalence of emerging zoonotic diseases over 11 years from 2011 to 2022 in Southeast Asia to understand the status of emerging zoonotic diseases, as well as to provide necessary actions for disease control and prevention in the region. During the 2011-2022 period, studies on pigs, poultry, ruminants, companion animals and wildlife in Southeast Asia were reviewed thoroughly to assess the quality of reporting items for inclusion in the systematic review. The review was performed on 26 studies of pigs, 6 studies of poultry, 21 studies of ruminants, 28 studies of companion animals and 25 studies of wildlife in Southeast Asia, which provide a snapshot of the prevalence of the emerging zoonotic disease across the country. The findings from the review showed that emerging zoonotic diseases were prevalent across the region and identified a few zoonotic diseases associated with poultry, mainly stemming from Cambodia and Vietnam, as high priority in Southeast Asia.Clinical relevance: Appropriate prevention and control measures should be taken to mitigate the emerging zoonotic diseases in Southeast Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Trung Nguyen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Ngan Mai
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Sinh Dang-Xuan
- International Livestock Research Institute, Regional Office for East and Southeast Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hung Nguyen-Viet
- International Livestock Research Institute, Regional Office for East and Southeast Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Fred Unger
- International Livestock Research Institute, Regional Office for East and Southeast Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hu Suk Lee
- International Livestock Research Institute, Regional Office for East and Southeast Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Chantip D, Chooruang N, Sakuna K, Sukmak W, Bohman W. Gastrointestinal parasite infections and associated factors in fighting bulls over 7 years of monitoring in Southern Thailand. Vet World 2024; 17:895-902. [PMID: 38798285 PMCID: PMC11111727 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.895-902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Indigenous beef cattle engaged in bullfighting in Southern Thailand represent a distinctive and valuable breed. Gastrointestinal (GI) parasites, which are recognized as important pathogens, have a negative impact on the overall health and physical performance of these fighting bulls. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of GI parasitic infections and identify factors associated with these infections in a fighting bull population in Southern Thailand. Materials and Methods Fecal samples (n = 4,244) from fighting bulls were submitted to the Laboratory and Diagnostic Centre of the Teaching Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya. We examined the samples using simple flotation and centrifugal sedimentation methods. Individual animal profiles and demographic data were collected. Results The overall prevalence of GI parasitic infections was 93.2%. Nine GI parasites were identified as Paramphistome spp. [PP]. being the most prevalent (93.2%), and the highest annual prevalence occurred in 2019 (97.9%). The infection rates of various parasite species were significantly related to the years of study, geographic area, season, and age group (p < 0.05). The prevalence of parasitic infection was higher on the west coast (98.6%) than on the east coast (98.0%). PP, Eurytrema spp., Strongyles spp., and Buxtonella spp. infections differed significantly among the seven provinces of Southern Thailand (p < 0.05). The prevalence of GI parasitic infections was higher during the rainy season (98.5%) than during the summer (97.7%). Bulls aged 7.0-7.9 years and 8.0-8.9 years had the highest parasite infection rate (99.2%) compared with those aged 8.0-8.9. Conclusion GI parasitic infections continue to be a significant health concern among fighting bulls in Southern Thailand. Regular epidemiological investigations are crucial for developing effective preventive programs and control strategies and providing basic knowledge for bull farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiravit Chantip
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology, Srivijaya, Thungyai, Nakhon Si Thammmarat, Thailand
| | - Nantaporn Chooruang
- Laboratory and Diagnostic Centre of the Teaching Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology, Srivijaya, Thungyai, Nakhon Si Thammmarat, Thailand
| | - Kitikarn Sakuna
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology, Srivijaya, Thungyai, Nakhon Si Thammmarat, Thailand
| | - Warawut Sukmak
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology, Srivijaya, Thungyai, Nakhon Si Thammmarat, Thailand
| | - Wiruntita Bohman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology, Srivijaya, Thungyai, Nakhon Si Thammmarat, Thailand
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Hamad MH, Islam SI, Jitsamai W, Chinkangsadarn T, Naraporn D, Ouisuwan S, Taweethavonsawat P. Metabarcoding study to reveal the structural community of strongylid nematodes in domesticated horses in Thailand. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:70. [PMID: 38395874 PMCID: PMC10893705 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixed strongylid infections significantly impact equine health and performance. Traditional microscopy-based methods exhibit limitations in accurately identifying strongylid species. Nemabiome deep amplicon sequencing approach previously succeeded in describing the strongylid communities in livestock including equids. However, there are no available studies that describe the structural communities of strongylid parasites in horses in Thailand. Therefore, this study was undertaken encompassing the ITS-2 rDNA metabarcoding assay to characterize strongylid species within horse fecal samples collected from a cohort of yearlings at the largest domesticated stud farm in Thailand. In addition, to investigate the capability of ITS-2 rDNA in assessing the phylogenetic relationships among the identified strongylid species. RESULTS The study identified 14 strongylid species in the examined equine populations, each with varying prevalence. Notably, Cylicocyclus nassatus and Cylicostephanus longibursatus were identified as the predominant species, with Strongylus spp. conspicuously absent. The phylogenetic analysis of 207 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) displayed a complex relationship among the investigated cyathostomin species, with some species are positioned across multiple clades, demonstrating close associations with various species and genera. CONCLUSION The ITS-2 nemabiome sequencing technique provided a detailed picture of horse strongylid parasite species in the studied population. This establishes a foundation for future investigations into the resistance status of these parasites and enables efforts to mitigate their impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Hamad
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
- Parasitology Unit, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sk Injamamul Islam
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Parasitology Unit, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wanarit Jitsamai
- Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teerapol Chinkangsadarn
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Darm Naraporn
- Horse Farm and Laboratory Animal Breeding Center, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, The Thai Red Cross Society, Hua-Hin, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, 77110, Thailand
| | - Suraseha Ouisuwan
- Horse Farm and Laboratory Animal Breeding Center, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, The Thai Red Cross Society, Hua-Hin, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, 77110, Thailand
| | - Piyanan Taweethavonsawat
- Parasitology Unit, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Biomarkers in Animals Parasitology Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Hoang Quang V, Levecke B, Do Trung D, Devleesschauwer B, Vu Thi Lam B, Goossens K, Polman K, Callens S, Dorny P, Dermauw V. Fasciola spp. in Southeast Asia: A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0011904. [PMID: 38232120 PMCID: PMC10843148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fasciolosis is an emerging public health threat in a number of regions worldwide. To date, we lack an overview of both its occurrence and distribution in Southeast Asia across all actors involved in the life cycle, which impedes the development of disease control measures. Therefore, our objective was to collect recent information on the distribution and the prevalence of Fasciola spp. and the associated risk factors for infection in humans, animals, snails and plant carriers in Southeast Asia. METHODOLOGY Bibliographic and grey literature databases as well as reference lists of important review articles were searched for relevant records published between January 1st, 2000, and June 30th, 2022. The systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting systematic reviews. A total of 3,887 records were retrieved, of which 100 were included in the final analysis. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The studies focused mainly on one host species (96.0%), with Fasciola spp. infection in animals being the most studied (72.0%), followed by humans (21.0%). Based on the used inclusion and exclusion criteria, reports were retrieved describing the presence of Fasciola spp. infection in seven out of 11 countries in Southeast Asia. Depending on the diagnostic tool applied, the prevalence of Fasciola spp. infection ranged between 0.3% and 66.7% in humans, between 0% and 97.8% in animals, and between 0% and 66.2% in snails. There were no studies reporting the presence of metacercariae on plant carriers. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our study reconfirms that Fasciola spp. infections are widespread and highly prevalent in Southeast Asia, but it remains difficult to accurately assess the true occurrence of Fasciola spp. in absence of well-designed surveys covering all hosts. As next steps we propose to assess the occurrence of the infection across all actors involved in the transmission, to identify associated risk factors and to estimate the burden of the disease to support national and international decision makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinh Hoang Quang
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Levecke
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Dung Do Trung
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Brecht Devleesschauwer
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Binh Vu Thi Lam
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kathy Goossens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Katja Polman
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Steven Callens
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pierre Dorny
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Veronique Dermauw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
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Thang TN, Thuy PD, Lan NTK, Doanh PN, Duyen DTH, Ichikawa-Seki M. Morphological and molecular characterization of Eurytrema spp. Looss, 1907 detected in domestic water buffaloes and cattle in northern Vietnam. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:929-936. [PMID: 37407444 PMCID: PMC10539816 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Eurytrema spp. are pancreatic flukes belonging to the Dicrocoeliidae family. They are the cause of neglected diseases in Vietnam and are responsible for economic losses in ruminant production, particularly in water buffaloes and cattle. Eurytrema spp. have been widely reported in several Asian countries. Recently, morphological and molecular analyses to discriminate Eurytrema spp. have been conducted in Brazil, China, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Indonesia; however, similar analyses have not been performed in Vietnam. In the present study, we identified Eurytrema flukes collected from water buffaloes and cattle in northern Vietnam based on their morphology. Morphometric analyses were conducted on 15 samples each of Eurytrema cladorchis and Eurytrema coelomaticum. Representative samples from both species were selected for molecular analyses, and the nucleotide sequences of the 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) gene and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) were determined. Phylogenetic analyses based on 18S rRNA sequences revealed that E. cladorchis from Vietnam belongs to the same clade as that from Bangladesh. Similarly, E. coelomaticum isolates from Vietnam and China belonged to the same clade. Both clades were isolated from E. pancreaticum. This is the first study to describe the coexistence of E. cladorchis and E. coelomaticum in Vietnam and the first report of the ITS2 nucleotide sequence for E. coelomaticum, which can be used for molecular species discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Nhat Thang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam
| | - Pham Dieu Thuy
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Kim Lan
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam
| | - Pham Ngoc Doanh
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thi Hong Duyen
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam
| | - Madoka Ichikawa-Seki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
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Wongtawan T, Narinthorn R, Sontigun N, Sansamur C, Petcharat Y, Fungwithaya P, Saengsawang P, Blackall PJ, Thomrongsuwannakij T. Characterizing the antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli found in sport animals (fighting cocks, fighting bulls, and sport horses) and soils from their environment. Vet World 2022; 15:2673-2680. [PMID: 36590125 PMCID: PMC9798048 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2673-2680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant threat to global health and development. Inappropriate antimicrobial drug use in animals cause AMR, and most studies focus on livestock because of the widespread use of antimicrobial medicines. There is a lack of studies on sports animals and AMR issues. This study aimed to characterize the AMR profile of E. coli found in sports animals (fighting cocks, fighting bulls, and sport horses) and soils from their environment. Materials and Methods Bacterial isolation and identification were conducted to identify E. coli isolates recovered from fresh feces that were obtained from fighting cocks (n = 32), fighting bulls (n = 57), sport horses (n = 33), and soils from those farms (n = 32) at Nakhon Si Thammarat. Antimicrobial resistance was determined using 15 tested antimicrobial agents - ampicillin (AM), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cephalexin (CN), cefalotin (CF), cefoperazone, ceftiofur, cefquinome, gentamicin, neomycin, flumequine (UB), enrofloxacin, marbofloaxacin, polymyxin B, tetracycline (TE), and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SXT). The virulence genes, AMR genes, and phylogenetic groups were also examined. Five virulence genes, iroN, ompT, hlyF, iss, and iutA, are genes determining the phylogenetic groups, chuA, cjaA, and tspE4C2, were identified. The AMR genes selected for detection were blaTEM and blaSHV for the beta-lactamase group; cml-A for phenicol; dhfrV for trimethoprim; sul1 and sul2 for sulfonamides; tetA, tetB, and tetC for TEs; and qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS for quinolones. Results The E. coli derived from sports animals were resistant at different levels to AM, CF, CN, UB, SXT, and TE. The AMR rate was overall higher in fighting cocks than in other animals, with significantly higher resistance to AM, CF, and TE. The highest AMR was found in fighting cocks, where 62.5% of their isolates were AM resistant. In addition, multidrug resistance was highest in fighting cocks (12.5%). One extended-spectrum beta-lactamase E. coli isolate was found in the soils, but none from animal feces. The phylogenetic analysis showed that most E. coli isolates were in Group B1. The E. coli isolates from fighting cocks had more virulence and AMR genes than other sources. The AMR genes found in 20% or more of the isolates were blaTEM (71.9%), qnrB (25%), qnrS (46.9%), and tetA (56.25%), whereas in the E. coli isolates collected from soils, the only resistance genes found in 20% or more of the isolates were blaTEM (30.8%), and tetA (23.1%). Conclusion Escherichia coli from fighting cock feces had significantly higher resistance to AM, CF, and TE than isolates from other sporting animals. Hence, fighting cocks may be a reservoir of resistant E. coli that can transfer to the environment and other animals and humans in direct contact with the birds or the birds' habitat. Programs for antimicrobial monitoring should also target sports animals and their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuempong Wongtawan
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Excellence Centre for Melioidosis and other microorganisms, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Ruethai Narinthorn
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Narin Sontigun
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Excellence Centre for Melioidosis and other microorganisms, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Chalutwan Sansamur
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Yotsapat Petcharat
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Punpichaya Fungwithaya
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Excellence Centre for Melioidosis and other microorganisms, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Phirabhat Saengsawang
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Patrick J. Blackall
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4067, Australia
| | - Thotsapol Thomrongsuwannakij
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand,Corresponding author: Thotsapol Thomrongsuwannakij, e-mail: Co-authors: TW: , RN: , NS: , CS: , YP: , PF: , PS: , PJB:
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Tookhy NA, Nur-Mahiza MI, Mansor R, Yasmin AR, Ahmad NI, Hamzah NH, Idri LH. Rumen Fluke in Cattle and Buffaloes in Asia: A Review. PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 2022; 45:781-803. [DOI: 10.47836/pjtas.45.3.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Rumen fluke is a parasitosis that infects ruminant animals across a wide geographical range of countries. It is a severe infection in temperate and tropical climate regions of Asia, Australia, Africa, and Europe, which cause significant economic losses. In this review, the available information to date on rumen fluke species infecting cattle and buffaloes in Asian countries is evaluated. The citation search was performed through specific keywords, literature published from 1964 to 2021, retrieved from electronic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Pub Med, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Science Direct, Elsevier, and Google Scholar. Twenty-six (26) rumen fluke species belonging to two families: Paramphistomidae 61.5% (16/26) and Gastrothylacidae 38.4% (10/26), were reported in cattle and buffaloes in fourteen Asian countries. Paramphistomum cervi and Cotylophoron cotylophorum are the most prevalent species with broader distribution in countries than the other genera. The coprological prevalence varies from 0.8% to 98.17% and 0.86% to 78.4% in cattle and buffaloes, respectively. The prevalence of rumen fluke by fluke counts method range between 6.45% to 90.6% and 4.29% to 75.07% in cattle and buffaloes, respectively. The sedimentation method and fluke count are reliable tests for detecting rumen fluke in live and slaughtered animals. In conclusion, the rumen fluke should be considered a critical production disease that affects cattle and buffaloes in Asia. Further studies are necessary to determine the rumen fluke-snail associations, develop diagnostic tests to detect prepatent infections in the definitive host, determine the economic importance of rumen fluke, and determine the efficacy of different anthelmintic in the treatment of patent infections in the definitive host.
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Thanasuwan S, Piratae S, Tankrathok A. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle in Kalasin Province, Thailand. Vet World 2021; 14:2091-2096. [PMID: 34566325 PMCID: PMC8448635 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2091-2096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Parasitic infections are one of the major problems to the production of cattle in Thailand. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites of cattle in Kalasin Province, Thailand. Materials and Methods A total of 333 fecal samples of cattle were collected directly from the rectum. The fecal samples were subjected to formalin-ethyl acetate concentration methods for examination. The eggs or oocysts were identified based on the morphology and size of the eggs or oocysts. Results Out of 333 fecal samples examined, 320 were found positive for GI parasitic infections with a prevalence of 96.09%. Overall, among the prevalence of nematodes, trematodes, and protozoa, the most prevalent parasites were Strongyle-type 278 (84.24%), followed by Strongyloides spp. 54 (16.36%) and Trichuris spp. 75 (22.73%), while Protozoan oocyst recorded Eimeria spp. amounted to 131 (39.7%). Fasciola spp. and Paramphistomum spp. were 67 (20.30%) and 81 (24.55%), respectively. Most of the positive fecal samples were infected with the double infection which has the highest prevalence rate of about 40.24%, followed by single, three, and 4-5 types of parasites 30.63, 16.82, and 7.21%, respectively. Conclusion This study suggests that Kalasin Province is highly endemic for GI parasites and this area may be an important source for an outbreak. Therefore, every household should deworm its cattle and eliminate and control snails as intermediate hosts. Findings from this study provide information that will assist in improving the cattle in Kalasin Province for better production and higher profitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirikanda Thanasuwan
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Kalasin University, Kalasin, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Piratae
- One Health Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Anupong Tankrathok
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Kalasin University, Kalasin, Thailand
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