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Huang X, Zhang M, Chang L, Zheng D, Lin W, Feng Y, Lu Y. Application Study of Novel Eggshell/Ag Combined with Pit and Fissure Sealants. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2911-2922. [PMID: 37283713 PMCID: PMC10241214 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s403974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aims to enhance the anti-caries performance of pit and fissure sealants through the synthesis of novel silver nanocomposites, and to evaluate their mechanical properties and biological safety in vitro and in vivo. Methods The antibacterial properties of synthetic eggshell/Ag were detected by bacterial inhibition zone, minimum bacteriostatic concentration, fluorescence staining and scanning electron microscopy. The synthetic products were then combined with pit and fissure sealants to prepare specimens, and their effects on mechanical properties, antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity were evaluated. Furthermore, an oral mucosal contact model of golden hamsters was established according to the ISO10933 standard to evaluate local stimulation and systemic effects. Results The novel nanocomposite eggshell/Ag was confirmed to exhibit strong broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, and that the eggshell/Ag-modified pit and fissure sealant had strong antibacterial properties against common dental caries bacterial biofilms, without any significant change in mechanical properties. The gradient dilution extract showed acceptable cytotoxicity, and in the golden hamster oral contact model, there were no visible abnormalities in local mucosal tissues, blood indices, or liver and kidney histopathology. Conclusions These findings suggest that eggshell/Ag combined with pit and fissure sealants has strong antibacterial activity and excellent biosafety in vitro and in vivo, making it a promising candidate for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Huang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Chang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dali Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Lin
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youguang Lu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China
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Salma RS, AbdElfatah OM. Effect of a bioactive pit and fissure sealant on demineralized human enamel: in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:569. [PMID: 36463155 PMCID: PMC9719630 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incorporation of bioactive agent into pit and fissure sealant would halt demineralization and promote further remineralization. The aim was to assess the effect of bioactive and fluoride fissure sealants on calcium and phosphate content and surface topography of artificially demineralized enamel in young permanent teeth. METHODS 30 sound extracted premolars free from cracks or any developmental anomalies were used. They were divided into group I bioactive fissure sealant, group II fluoride fissure sealant and group III no material applied. Each tooth was divided into halves in a buccolingual direction and evaluated by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) at baseline, demineralization and after applying the material. Another set of 7 sound extracted premolars was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at the same phases. RESULTS EDX showed that regaining calcium to demineralized enamel was significantly higher with bioactive sealant than either fluoride or the control group. SEM revealed minerals deposits with formation of distinct white zone at tooth/sealant interface for both pit and fissure sealant groups. Whereas no white zone formation was detected in control group. CONCLUSIONS Incorporating bioactive material into pit and fissure sealant through microcapsules provided better results than incorporating fluoride by enhancing the biological process of remineralization. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The more use of bioactive pit and fissure sealant would maintain the occlusal surfaces as sound structures and decrease the need for operative procedures to restore teeth cavitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab Samir Salma
- grid.442603.70000 0004 0377 4159Pediatric and Community Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Omnia M. AbdElfatah
- grid.442603.70000 0004 0377 4159Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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AlQahtani A, Al-Dlaigan Y, Almahdy A. Microtensile Bond Strength of Bioactive Pit and Fissure Sealants Bonded to Primary and Permanent Teeth. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041369. [PMID: 35207906 PMCID: PMC8875102 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sealing occlusal pits and fissures is an effective preventive measure against dental caries. Pit and fissure sealants (PFS) should be strongly bonded to the teeth to prevent partial or complete loss of the sealant, which may limit its preventive effect. Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of bioactive resin-based sealants (Bio-RBS) and resin-based sealants (RBS), with and without the use of a bonding agent, to the enamel of primary and permanent teeth. Methods: One hundred and twenty caries-free primary molar specimens and 120 permanent molar specimens were divided to eight groups (30 specimens per group), both primary and permanent teeth were sealed with a Bio-RBS BioCoatTM (Premier®, Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA) or with a RBS ClinproTM (3M ESPE, Saint Paul, MN, USA), with or without the use of a bonding agent (Prime & Bond NT; Dentsply, Inc., Charlotte, NC, USA). Half the specimens were aged with 5000 thermal cycles, and all specimens were tested for the μTBS and failure mode. Results: The mean μTBS of aged Bio-RBS was higher in permanent teeth than primary teeth, and the aging process reduced the μTBS of RBS more than that of Bio-RBS. Moreover, the addition of a bonding agent improved the μTBS of aged RBS in permanent teeth. Conclusion: We concluded that Bio-RBS exhibit superior μTBS than RBS when applied to permanent teeth.
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Siddiqui AA, Alshammary F, Mulla M, Al-Zubaidi SM, Afroze E, Amin J, Amin S, Shaikh S, Madfa AA, Alam MK. Prevalence of dental caries in Pakistan: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:450. [PMID: 34530810 PMCID: PMC8447584 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01802-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimum oral health is impossible to achieve without managing dental caries. The first step to manage dental caries at a community level is to know its prevalence and trend. Unfortunately, the prevalence of dental caries at the national/regional level is not known in many developing countries. Pakistan is no exception. The present meta-analysis was planned to document the prevalence of dental caries at the national, as well as regional level. This paper will serve as a baseline for making future health policies, and health promotion activities in the country. METHODS Literature was searched through various databases, such as PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of science using: "Prevalence", "Dental Caries", "Dental Decay" and "Severity" as keywords. Any study that reported the prevalence of dental caries, and was conducted in the Pakistani population was included. Thirty studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Quality assessment of all the included studies was performed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for prevalence studies. MedCalc software was used to analyze the data. RESULTS In total 27,878 subjects were included in a meta-analysis from 30 studies. The prevalence estimate of dental caries at the national level was 56.62% (95% CI: 49.54 to 63.57). The I2 value was 99.07% (95% CI: 98.94 to 99.18), (I2 > 75%) indicating heterogeneity, hence pooled proportion was reported using a random-effect model. The prevalence estimate of dental caries in Sindh was 58.946% (95% CI: 43.796 to 73.274), and in Punjab, it was 55.445% (95% CI: 44.174 to 66.44), whilst in Baluchistan and KPK combined was 51.168% (95% CI: 22.930 to 79.004). CONCLUSION Based on the existing data nearly 60% of the Pakistani population have dental caries. The proportion is almost the same in all provinces. Most of the included studies were found to be of high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Ahmed Siddiqui
- Department of Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Freah Alshammary
- Present Address: Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushir Mulla
- Department of Oral and Dental Health, College of Applied Health Sciences Arrass, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M. Al-Zubaidi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Afroze
- General Dental Practitioner, Private Clinic, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Amin
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Amin
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sameer Shaikh
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, College of Dentistry, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Madfa
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Ha’il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
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Hu YT, Yu F, Tang XY, Wu WZ, Zhang P, Hu ZH, Chen JH, Xing XD, Xiao YH. The antibacterial effect and physical performance of pit and fissure sealants based on an antibacterial core-shell nanocomposite. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 117:104414. [PMID: 33647728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The application of pit and fissure sealants is a well-established method to prevent and treat early childhood caries. Resin-based sealants with antibacterial properties provide additional benefits for caries prevention in a cariogenic oral environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of an antibacterial core-shell AgBr/cationic polymer nanocomposite (AgBr/BHPVP) on the properties of a resin-based pit and fissure sealant. A commercialized pit and fissure sealant without fluoride, Concise (3M, ESPE, USA), was used as the parent material and negative control. Experimental antibacterial sealants were formulated by the addition of AgBr/BHPVP nanoparticles at mass fractions of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt% to the parent material. A fluoride-releasing sealant, Clinpro (3M, ESPE), was used as the positive control. Bacterial colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, metabolic activity tests, field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) observations were used to evaluate the antibacterial properties of AgBr/BHPVP-modified sealants against Streptococcus mutans before and after five months of aging. The Vickers microhardness, degree of conversion, and microleakage level of the sealants were also investigated. According to the results of CFU counts and metabolic tests, sealants containing AgBr/BHPVP showed better contact-killing bactericidal activity against S. mutans than the two commercial sealants, irrespective of aging conditions (both P < 0.05). The AgBr/BHPVP-modified sealants also showed a significant inhibitory effect on the planktonic S. mutans around the cured sealant surfaces. In addition, the Vickers microhardness, degree of conversion, and microleakage level of the parent material were not damaged by modification with AgBr/BHPVP (P > 0.05). AgBr/BHPVP-modified pit and fissure sealant with a dual bactericidal mechanism is a promising option for the prevention of pit and fissure caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Hu
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China; Department of Stomatology, The First Hospital of Kunming, Kunming 650011, China
| | - F Yu
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China
| | - X Y Tang
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China
| | - W Z Wu
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China
| | - P Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Z H Hu
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China
| | - J H Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - X D Xing
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Y H Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China.
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Horuztepe SA, Ergin E, Onen A, Gürgan S. Comparison of Resin Infiltration Technique with Conventional Preventive Applications on Occlusal Fissures in Terms of Chemical Analysis and SEM. Acta Stomatol Croat 2020; 54:382-391. [PMID: 33642602 PMCID: PMC7871427 DOI: 10.15644/asc54/4/5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the subsurface mineral loss preventing capability of resin infiltration technique with topical fluoride and fissure sealant applications to demineralized occlusal fissures under simulated oral conditions. Materials and Methods Occlusal surfaces of 64 extracted intact human third molars were demineralized. Next, the teeth were classified into four groups according to preventive applications (n = 16): G1, Specimens used as the control group with no preventive treatment; G2, Topical fluoride application (APF Gel/ DEEPAK); G3, Fissure sealant application (ClinproTMSealant/ 3M ESPE); and G4, Resin infiltration technique (Icon/ DMG). Chemical compositions before pH cycling were evaluated for eight specimens from each group. The remaining eight teeth from each group were subjected to pH cycling for 15 days to simulate the oral conditions. Subsequently, the specimens were fractured after immersion in liquid nitrogen and the subsurface fluoride (F), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) levels, and Ca/P ratio of each specimen were measured using energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (EDS). The data were subjected to statistical analysis (p = 0.05). The effects of preventive applications to surface topography of specimens were evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results There were no significant differences among the groups in subsurface F, Ca, and P levels and Ca/P ratios before or after pH cycling (p > 0.05). All three preventive applications were effective during pH cycling according to SEM observations. Conclusions The subsurface mineral loss preventing capability of resin infiltration technique applied to occlusal fissures was comparable to topical fluoride and fissure sealant applications. Clinical significance The resin infiltration technique could represent a valid alternative to traditionally used both preventive and restorative treatments for treating initial carious lesions on occlusal fissures, offering the advantages of better resin penetration and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esra Ergin
- Hacettepe University, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alev Onen
- Hacettepe University, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevil Gürgan
- Hacettepe University, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
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Fei X, Li Y, Weir MD, Baras BH, Wang H, Wang S, Sun J, Melo MAS, Ruan J, Xu HHK. Novel pit and fissure sealant containing nano-CaF 2 and dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate with double benefits of fluoride release and antibacterial function. Dent Mater 2020; 36:1241-1253. [PMID: 32571624 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pit and fissure sealants with antibacterial and remineralization properties have broad application prospects in caries prevention. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel pit and fissure sealant containing CaF2 nanoparticles (nCaF2) and dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM); and (2) investigate the effects of nCaF2 and DMAHDM on biofilm response and fluoride (F) ion release for the first time. METHODS Helioseal F was used as a control. Bioactive sealants were formulated with DMAHDM and nCaF2. Flow properties, enamel shear bond strength, hardness and F ion releases were measured. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilms were grown on sealants. Biofilm metabolic activity, lactic acid production, colony-forming units (CFU), and pH of biofilm culture medium were measured. RESULTS Adding 5% DMAHDM and 20% nCaF2 did not reduce the paste flow and enamel bond strength, compared to control (p < 0.05). Hardness of sealants with 20% nCaF2 and DMAHDM was higher than control (p < 0.05). The F ion release from 20% nCaF2 was much higher than that of commercial control (p < 0.05). The sealant with DMAHDM reduced the S. mutans biofilm CFU by 4 logs. The pH in biofilm medium of the new bioactive sealant was much higher (pH 6.8) than that of commercial sealant (pH 4.66) (p < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE The new bioactive pit and fissure sealant with nCaF2 and DMAHDM achieved high fluoride release and strong antibacterial performance. This novel fluoride-releasing and antibacterial sealant is promising to inhibit caries and promote the remineralizaton of enamel and dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhi Fei
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, and Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yuncong Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Bashayer H Baras
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haohao Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratary of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Suping Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratary of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jirun Sun
- Volpe Research Center, American Dental Association Foundation, Frederick, MD 21704, USA
| | - Mary A S Melo
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jianping Ruan
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, and Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Likar Ostrc L, Suklan J, Pavlič A. The effectiveness of completely and incompletely sealed first permanent molars on caries prevention. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 6:363-372. [PMID: 32059088 PMCID: PMC7301393 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fissure sealants are effective caries preventive measure. However, a dilemma has been expressed more than once, whether incompletely sealed fissures provides sufficient protection against caries. Dental examinations were performed in 88 children, aged 8 and then 4 years later at 12 years. All first permanent molars (FPMs), as diagnosed at the age of 8, were divided into three groups: nonsealed, incompletely and completely sealed. Four years later caries incidence and changes in presence and quality of fissure sealant were analyzed. At the age of 8 and 12 mean DMFT were 0.73 ± 1.24 and 3.48 ± 3.04, respectively. 71.59% of the 8‐year‐olds and 78.41% of the 12‐year‐olds had at least one sealed FPM. At the age of 8, 154 FPMs were completely sealed and 42 FPMs were incompletely sealed. Four years later, 81.17%, 71.43% and 69.4% of FPMs were healthy (sound or with noncavitated caries) in the baseline groups completely sealed, incompletely sealed and nonsealed FPMs, respectively. Incompletely sealed fissures were more susceptible to caries development than completely sealed fissures. It is important that incompletely sealed fissures are resealed as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Likar Ostrc
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jana Suklan
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR Newcastle in vitro Diagnostics Co-operative, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alenka Pavlič
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Unit of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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The cost-utility of school-based first permanent molar sealants programs: a Markov model. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:293. [PMID: 31888582 PMCID: PMC6937712 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0990-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence of the cost-effectiveness of school-based first permanent molar sealants programs is not yet fully conclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) of school-based prevention programs for the application of sealants in molars of schoolchildren compared with non-intervention. METHODS A cost-utility analysis based on a Markov model was carried out using probability distribution. The utility was measured in quality-adjusted tooth years (QATY). The assessment was carried out from the public payer's perspective with a six-year time horizon. Costs and benefits were discounted at 3% per year. Only direct costs were evaluated, expressed in Chilean pesos (CLP) at 7th May at 2019 values (exchange rate USD = CLP 681.09). Univariate deterministic sensitivity analysis and probabilistic analysis were carried out. RESULTS After a six-year follow up, the cost of sealing all first permanent molars was found to be higher than non-intervention, with a mean cost difference of USD 1.28 (CLP 875) per molar treated. The "seal all" strategy was more effective than non-intervention, generating 0.2 quality-adjusted tooth years more than non-intervention. The ICUR of the "seal all" strategy compared to non-intervention was USD 6.48 (CLP 4,412) per quality-adjusted tooth years. The sensitivity analysis showed that the increase in caries was the variable which most influenced the ICUR. CONCLUSIONS A school-based sealant program is a cost-effective measure in populations with a high prevalence of caries.
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Al-Sabri FA, Ba-Salamah M, El-Marakby AM, Okash S, Ghaleb IH, Abdulrab S. Tooth Decay Prevention: Knowledge and Practices Survey of Dental Students. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019; 12:92-95. [PMID: 31571778 PMCID: PMC6749870 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices fissure sealants among undergraduate Saudi dental students. METHODS A modified questionnaire consisted of 24-items was distributed among 226 undergraduate dental students, males and females of different years at Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Chi-square/Fisher's exact tests were used for descriptive statistical analyses. RESULTS The response rate was 100%. Most of the respondents were male (60.2) and (39.8%) were female. With regard to the level of study, 20.8% were in the fourth year, 43.8% in the fifth year, and 16.8% were in the sixth year. The respondents showed a sensible level of learning about sealants, with the majority (88%) believed that there is strong scientific evidence about fissure sealants effectiveness and around 90% showed a good understanding of sealant placement instructions. Furthermore, respondents demonstrated inadequate learning about sealants clinical practice. CONCLUSION Despite a high proportion of undergraduate dental students' showed sufficient knowledge about dental sealant, following guidelines and standardized procedures in clinical practice is lacking. The findings suggest an urgent need of dental colleges to additionally and/or update their curriculum regarding fissure sealants to reflect advance dental education that concentrates on evidence-based practice (EBP) in Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health need for regular continuing education courses for the dental professional. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Al-Sabri FA, Ba-Salamah M, et al. Tooth Decay Prevention: Knowledge and Practices Survey of Dental Students. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(2):92-95.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuad A Al-Sabri
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen
| | - Mohammed Ba-Salamah
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, AL-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sherif Okash
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, AL-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim H Ghaleb
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, AL-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ealla KKR, Kumar AN, Turagam N, Sooraparaju SG, Yerrapothu RMR, Bhaskaran MK. Knowledge Analysis of Pit and Fissure Sealants among the Dental Students of South India. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2018; 8:508-512. [PMID: 30596041 PMCID: PMC6280565 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_238_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes for pit and fissure sealants among undergraduate Indian dental students. MATERIALS AND METHODS A modified questionnaire consisting of 24 items was distributed to 280 undergraduate dental students comprising males and females of different years at MNR Dental College, Sangareddy, India. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square/Fisher's exact tests were used for statistical analysis. The data were computationally tested using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 20, IBM SPSS Statistics software for Windows, Armonk, NY, USA. RESULTS With the response rate at 100%, most of the respondents, i.e., 70.4%, were females and the remaining 29.6% were male. Regarding the level of study, 20.8% were in 3rd year, 43.8% in the 4th year, and 16.8% were in 5th year (internship). The respondents showed a reasonable level of knowledge about sealants, mostly being good with the theoretical concepts of the sealants. On the other hand, respondents showed insufficient knowledge about sealants in the clinical practice. CONCLUSION Although a high proportion of undergraduate dental students showed adequate knowledge about dental sealants, there is a lag in putting that knowledge into work during the clinical practice. These findings suggest an urgent need of dental schools to include and/or update their curriculum regarding fissure sealants to reflect modern dental education that concentrates on evidence-based practice in pediatric dentistry and improve the dental health among the future generations by reducing the incidence of caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranti Kiran Reddy Ealla
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Medak, Telangana, India
| | - Anoop N. Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology, PSM College of Dental Sciences and Research, Akkikavu, Thrissur, India
| | - Neeraja Turagam
- Faculty of Dentistry, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Sujatha Gopal Sooraparaju
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Medak, Telangana, India
| | | | - Manoj Kumar Bhaskaran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sree Anjaneya Institute of Dental Science, Calicut, Kerala, India
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Abstract
Pediatric dentistry provides primary and comprehensive preventive and therapeutic oral health care for infants and children through adolescence, together with special health care needs. This specialty encompasses a variety of skills, disciplines, procedures and techniques that share a common origin with other dental specialties however these have been modified and reformed to the distinctive requirements of infants, children, adolescents and special health care needs. Disciplines comprise of behavior guidance, care of the medically and developmentally compromised and disabled patient, supervision of orofacial growth and development, caries prevention, sedation, pharmacological management, and hospital dentistry including other traditional fields of dentistry. The skills apply to the ever-changing stages of dental, physical, and psychosocial development for treating conditions and diseases distinctive to growing individuals. Hence with the changing scope of practice it is imperative that the clinician stays updated with the current evidence based trends in practice, collaborates with other disciplines and Imparts quality oral health care tailored to the specific needs of every child.
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Naaman R, El-Housseiny AA, Alamoudi N. The Use of Pit and Fissure Sealants-A Literature Review. Dent J (Basel) 2017; 5:E34. [PMID: 29563440 PMCID: PMC5806970 DOI: 10.3390/dj5040034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews the literature and discusses the latest updates on the use of pit and fissure sealants. It demonstrates the effectiveness of pit and fissure sealants in preventing caries and the management of early carious lesions. It compares the use of different sealant materials and their indications. It describes the application technique for sealants. It also reviews the cost-effectiveness of sealants as a preventive strategy. From this review and after the discussion of recently published studies on pit and fissure sealants, it is evident that sealants are effective in caries prevention and in preventing the progression of incipient lesions. It is therefore recommended that pit and fissure sealant be applied to high-caries-risk children for optimum cost-effectiveness. It is a highly sensitive technique that needs optimum isolation, cleaning of the tooth surface, etching, and the application of a thin bonding layer for maximum benefit. Recall and repair, when needed, are important to maximize the effectiveness of such sealant use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Naaman
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Azza A El-Housseiny
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, 21526 Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Najlaa Alamoudi
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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14
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Managing caries: the need to close the gap between the evidence base and current practice. Br Dent J 2017; 219:433-8. [PMID: 26564354 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2015.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Underpinned by a changing knowledge of the aetiology of caries and its sequelae, and assisted by established and advancing dental materials, there is growing evidence supporting less invasive management of dental caries based on the principles of minimal intervention dentistry. This narrative review assesses both the evidence and the adoption of less invasive caries management strategies and describes ways in which the gap between evidence and practice might be overcome. While there is increasing data supporting less invasive management of carious lesions, these are not standard in most dental practices worldwide. Usually, clinical studies focused on efficacy as outcome, and did not take into consideration the views and priorities of other stakeholders, such as primary care dentists, educators, patients and those financing services. Involving these stakeholders into study design and demonstrating the broader advantages of new management strategies might improve translation of research into practice. In theory, clinical dentists can rely on a growing evidence in cariology regarding less invasive management options. In practice, further factors seem to impede adoption of these strategies. Future research should address these factors by involving major stakeholders and investigating their prioritised outcomes to narrow or close the evidence gap.
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Patil RU, Sahu A, Kambalimath HV, Panchakshari BK, Jain M. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Dental Practitioners Pertaining to Preventive Measures in Paediatric Patients. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZC71-ZC75. [PMID: 28209009 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/22300.9122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prevention at primary level is of great value in Paediatric Dentistry. Since use of preventive measures can prevent future complications, dental professionals share an important responsibility toward early screening, prompt referral and treatment and this knowledge must transfer into the practice of dentistry. AIM To evaluate Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) among dental practitioners in Bhopal city (central part of India) pertaining to sealants, topical fluorides usage and orthodontic consideration in paediatric patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted using a 20-item self-administered, closed ended, structured questionnaire. A total of 200 available private dental practitioners of Bhopal city made up the sampling frame of study. RESULTS Out of 200 practicing dentists, 147 participated with response rate of 73.5% in which 69.4% were males and 30.6% were females. A total of 83% dentists were less than 35 years of age, while 17% were equal to or more than 35 years of age. Qualification distribution revealed 67.3% dental graduate and 32.6% dental specialist. A highly significant difference in knowledge in relation to age was observed. The mean±SD were found for Knowledge as 8.46±1.82, Attitude as 2.65±0.780, and Practice as 1.66±1.57. Statistically significant correlations were found between attitude and practice (r=0.58, p<0.001). CONCLUSION Dentists in Bhopal city have vast knowledge towards preventive dentistry. The attitude is highly commendable but underutilized in practice, which needs to be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Umaji Patil
- Professor and Head, Department of Paedodontics, STES Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital , Vadgoan, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amitkumar Sahu
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Paedodontics, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences , Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Halaswamy V Kambalimath
- Professor and Head, Department of Paedodontics, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences , Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Manish Jain
- Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Peoples Dental Academy , Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Muller-Bolla M, Pierre A, Lupi-Pégurier L, Velly AM. Effectiveness of school-based dental sealant programs among children from low-income backgrounds: a pragmatic randomized clinical trial with a follow-up of 3 years. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2016; 44:504-11. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Muller-Bolla
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; UNS-UCA (Nice Sophia Antipolis University); CHUN; Nice France
- Laboratory URB2i - EA 4462; Paris Descartes; Paris France
| | - Audrey Pierre
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; UNS-UCA (Nice Sophia Antipolis University); CHUN; Nice France
| | - Laurence Lupi-Pégurier
- Department of Public Health; Faculty of Dentistry; UNS-UCA; CHUN; Nice France
- MICORALIS EA 7354; UNS-UCA; Nice France
| | - Ana M. Velly
- Department of Dentistry at Jewish General Hospital; Montreal QC Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry at McGill University; Montreal QC Canada
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Al-Maweri SA, Al-Jamaei AA, Halboub ES, Al-Soneidar WA, Tarakji B, Alsalhani A. Fissure sealants: Knowledge and practice of Yemeni dental practitioners. Eur J Dent 2016; 10:234-238. [PMID: 27095903 PMCID: PMC4813442 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.178300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to evaluate Yemeni dental practitioners' knowledge and practices concerning fissure sealants. MATERIALS AND METHODS A modified questionnaire consisted of 25-items was distributed to 500 dentists working in Sana'a City. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square/Fisher's exact tests were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS The response rate was 74%. Most of the respondents were male (61.3%), general practitioners (84.2%), and had <5 years of clinical experience (48.3%). The respondents showed a reasonable level of knowledge about sealants, with the majority (88%) believed that there is strong scientific evidence about fissure sealants effectiveness and around 90% showed a good understanding of sealant placement instructions. On the other hand, respondents showed insufficient knowledge about sealants clinical practice. CONCLUSION Although a high proportion of dental practitioners showed adequate knowledge about dental sealant, following guidelines and standardized procedures in clinical practice is lacking. These emphasize the need for regular continuing education courses for dental professional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, AL-Farabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana, Yemen
| | - Aisha Ahmed Al-Jamaei
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana, Yemen
| | - Esam Saleh Halboub
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnosis, Sana'a University, Sana, Yemen
| | | | - Bassel Tarakji
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, AL-Farabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Alsalhani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, AL-Farabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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San Martin-Galindo L, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ, Abalos-Labruzzi C, Niederman R. European Fissure Sealant Guidelines: assessment using AGREE II. Int J Dent Hyg 2015; 15:37-45. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - R Niederman
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion; Center for Evidence-Based Dentistry; College of Dentistry; New York University; New York NY USA
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Hu X, Chen X, Ye L, Fan MW, Huysmans MC, Frencken JE. Comparison between visual clinical examination and the replica method for assessments of sealant retention over a 2-year period. Int J Oral Sci 2014; 6:111-5. [PMID: 24625469 PMCID: PMC5130059 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2014.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To compare the levels of agreement and the survival rates of sealant retention for different sealing materials over a 2-year period assessed using the visual clinical examination and replica methods, sealant retention data were obtained by visual clinical examination and from replicas of the same sealed tooth at baseline and at 0.5-, 1- and 2-year evaluation points in 407 children and were compared for agreement using kappa coefficients. Survival curves of retained sealants on occlusal surfaces were created using modified categorisation (fully retained sealants and those having all pits and fissures partly covered with the sealant material versus completely lost sealants that included pit and fissure systems that had ≥1 pit re-exposed) according to the Kaplan-Meier method. The kappa coefficient for the agreement between both assessment methods over the three evaluation time points combined was 0.38 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.35-0.41). More sealant retention was observed from replicas than through visual clinical examination. Cumulative survival curves at the three evaluation times were not statistically significantly higher when assessed from replicas (P=0.47). Using the replica method, more retained sealant material was observed than through visual clinical examination during the 2-year period. This finding did not result in a difference in the survival rates of sealants assessed by the two assessment methods. When replicas cast in die stone are used for assessing sealant retention, the level of reliability of the data is higher than that of data obtained through the commonly used visual clinical examination, particularly if such assessments are conducted over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Ye
- Private Practitioner, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Wen Fan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Marie-Charlotte Huysmans
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jo E Frencken
- Department of Global Oral Health, College of Dental Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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20
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Khan SQ. Dental caries in Arab League countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Dent J 2014; 64:173-80. [PMID: 24506766 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to determine prevalence of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in the 2-20-year-old population of the Arab league. METHODS A literature search was performed on Pubmed, Summon and Google Scholar using the key words 'Dental caries', 'dmft' and 'DMFT'. A total of 293 articles were found, of which 35 passed our inclusion criteria and were included in analysis. Tables were made separately for primary and permanent teeth; the age group for primary teeth was 2-12 years and for permanent teeth 6-20 years. RESULTS A meta-analysis was run by using data extracted from the studies included. Heterogeneity was tested by forest plot and chi-square test, and considerable heterogeneity was found. Mean decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) was 4.341 (95% CI 3.714, 4.969) and in permanent teeth (DMFT) was 2.469 (95% CI 2.019, 2.919) from a random effect model. Publication bias diagnostics suggested missing of four studies of primary teeth caries data and eight studies of permanent teeth caries data to obtain symmetry in the funnel plot. CONCLUSION The incidence of caries in primary teeth was found to be high compared with caries in permanent teeth in the Arab League. This study does not provide a comprehensive picture of caries prevalence in the Arab League because in many of these countries only a few studies were performed. Therefore, these data cannot provide a complete picture of the prevalence of caries in those countries. Additional studies are needed to better evaluate the prevalence of caries in children and young adults in Arab League countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soban Qadir Khan
- Department of Clinical Affairs, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Griffin SO, Jones K, Crespin M. Calculating averted caries attributable to school-based sealant programs with a minimal data set. J Public Health Dent 2014; 74:202-9. [PMID: 24423023 PMCID: PMC4813799 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We describe a methodology for school-based sealant programs (SBSP) to estimate averted cavities, (i.e., difference in cavities without and with SBSP) over 9 years using a minimal data set. METHODS A Markov model was used to estimate averted cavities. SBSP would input estimates of their annual attack rate (AR) and 1-year retention rate. The model estimated retention 2+ years after placement with a functional form obtained from the literature. Assuming a constant AR, SBSP can estimate their AR with child-level data collected prior to sealant placement on sealant presence, number of decayed/filled first molars, and age. We demonstrate the methodology with data from the Wisconsin SBSP. Finally, we examine how sensitive averted cavities obtained with this methodology is if an SBSP were to over or underestimate their AR or 1-year retention. RESULTS Demonstrating the methodology with estimated AR (= 7 percent) and 1-year retention (= 92 percent) from the Wisconsin SBSP data, we found that placing 31,324 sealants averted 10,718 cavities. Sensitivity analysis indicated that for any AR, the magnitude of the error (percent) in estimating averted cavities was always less than the magnitude of the error in specifying the AR and equal to the error in specifying the 1-year retention rate. We also found that estimates of averted cavities were more robust to misspecifications of AR for higher- versus lower-risk children. CONCLUSIONS With Excel (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA) spreadsheets available upon request, SBSP can use this methodology to generate reasonable estimates of their impact with a minimal data set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan O. Griffin
- Division of Oral Health, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kari Jones
- Quantitative Health Research, Inc., Tampa, FL, USA
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San Martin L, Castaño A, Bravo M, Tavares M, Niederman R, Ogunbodede EO. Dental sealant knowledge, opinion, values and practice of Spanish dentists. BMC Oral Health 2013; 13:12. [PMID: 23394363 PMCID: PMC3584843 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-13-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple guidelines and systematic reviews recommend sealant use to reduce caries risk. Yet, multiple reports also indicate that sealants are significantly underutilized. This study examined the knowledge, opinions, values, and practice (KOVP) of dentists concerning sealant use in the southwest region of Andalusia, Spain. This is a prelude to the generation of a regional plan for improving children's oral health in Andalusia. METHODS The survey's target population was dentists working in western Andalusia, equally distributed in the provinces of Seville, Cadiz, and Huelva (N=2,047). A convenience sample of meeting participants and meeting participant email lists (N=400) were solicited from the annual course on Community and Pediatric Dentistry. This course is required for all public health sector dentists, and is open to all private sector dentists. Information on the dentist's KOVP of sealants was collected using four-part questionnaire with 31, 5-point Likert-scaled questions. RESULTS The survey population demographics included 190 men (48%) and 206 women (52%) with an average clinical experience of 10.6 (±8.4) years and 9.3 (±7.5) years, respectively. A significant sex difference was observed in the distribution of place of work (urban/suburb) (p=0.001), but no sex differences between working sector (public/private). The mean±SD values for each of the four KOVP sections for pit and fissure sealants were: knowledge=3.57±0.47; opinion=2.48±0.47; value=2.74±0.52; and practice=3.48±0.50. No sex differences were found in KOVP (all p>0.4). Independent of sex: knowledge statistically differed by years of experience and place of work; opinion statistically differed by years of experience and sector; and practice statistically differed by years of experience and sector. Less experienced dentists tended to have slightly higher scores (~0.25 on a Likert 1-5 scale). Statistically significant correlations were found between knowledge and practice (r=0.44, p=0.00) and between opinion and value (r=0.35, p=0.00). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that, similar to other countries, Andalusian dentists know that sealants are effective, have neutral to positive attitudes toward sealants; though, based on epidemiological studies, underuse sealants. Therefore, methods other than classical behavior change (eg: financial or legal mechanisms) will be required to change practice patterns aimed at improving children's oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura San Martin
- School of Dentistry, University of Seville, Avicena s/n, Seville, Spain.
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Soto-Rojas AE, Escoffié-Ramírez M, Pérez-Ferrera G, Guido JA, Mantilla-Rodriguez AA, Martinez-Mier EA. Retention of dental sealants placed on sound teeth and incipient caries lesions as part of a service-learning programme in rural areas in Mexico. Int J Paediatr Dent 2012; 22:451-8. [PMID: 22309211 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-263x.2011.01216.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental sealants are an effective treatment for the prevention and management of caries. OBJECTIVE To determine the retention of sealants placed in a rural setting in Mexico as part of an international service-learning (ISL) programme and to determine associations between dental sealant's retention and caries diagnosis at the time of sealant placement. METHODS Children aged 6-15 were examined for dental caries, received sealants by dental students as part of an ISL programme, and were re-examined 4, 2, or 1 years after placement to assess sealant survival. Sealants were placed on permanent sound surfaces and enamel caries lesions [International Caries Assessment and Detection System (ICDAS) criteria]. Sealant survival was explored using Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests and multivariate prediction models. RESULTS 219 (46%) of 478 (mean age = 10.53 SD = 5.11) children who had received sealants returned for a recall examination (mean age = 10.89 SD = 3.11). After 1-4 years, 96.4% to 60.6% of the sealants placed on sound teeth had survived, and for sealants placed on surfaces with enamel caries lesions (ICDAS 1-3), 94.2% to 55.6% had survived. Differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Sealants had survival rates comparable to those previously reported in the literature. Sealants placed on sound and enamel caries lesions had similar survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando E Soto-Rojas
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Rastelli MCDS, Reinke SMG, Scalabrin M, Santos FAD. Avaliação dos selantes de fossas e fissuras aplicados por estudantes de Odontologia. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1807-25772012000500005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: Selantes de fossas e fissuras são indicados para prevenir lesão de cárie em superfícies oclusais. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os selantes de fossas e fissuras aplicados por estudantes do Curso de Graduação em Odontologia da Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), Santa Catarina. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: O estudo descritivo retrospectivo desenvolveu-se em três etapas: na primeira, procedeu-se à análise dos prontuários do Setor de Triagem, tendo como critério de inclusão a existência de radiografias dos dentes selados. Na segunda etapa, analisaram-se as radiografias dos prontuários selecionados e a história clínica da criança. A terceira etapa foi realizada por meio de exames clínicos e radiográficos, pelos quais eram verificadas as condições dos selantes de fossas e fissuras. RESULTADO: Foram analisados 800 prontuários, sendo selecionados 131 (16,37%) para a segunda etapa, quando se observou que 321 selantes de fossas e fissuras foram aplicados. Compareceram à consulta de controle 119 (90,84%) crianças, ocasião em que se confirmou a aplicação de 160 (49,85%) selantes resinosos, 126 (39,25%) com cimento de ionômero de vidro e 35 (10,90%) com resina flow. Foram observados 296 (92,21%) selantes em dentes permanentes. Ao exame clínico, verificou-se que 114 (35,51%) selantes haviam sido perdidos totalmente em diferentes períodos de tempo. Nenhuma lesão de cárie foi observada em 294 (91,59%) dentes selados. CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se que os selantes de fossas e fissuras, aplicados por estudantes do Curso de Odontologia da FURB, foram eficazes na manutenção da maioria das superfícies dentárias livres de lesão de cárie, mesmo quando foram perdidos parcial ou totalmente.
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Chalmers NI. Application of Sealants Through School-Based Sealant Programs Decreases Dental Caries Prevalence. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2011; 11:14-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mejia GC, Weintraub JA, Cheng NF, Grossman W, Han PZ, Phipps KR, Gansky SA. Language and literacy relate to lack of children's dental sealant use. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 39:318-24. [PMID: 21198761 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2010.00599.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the percent of California's third grade public school children lacking sealants by child and family factors and to measure social disparities for lacking sealants. METHODS The study analyzed data from the California Oral Health Needs Assessment (COHNA) 2004-2005, a complex stratified cluster sample of children (n = 10,450) from 182 randomly selected public elementary schools in California. The dependent variable was absence of sealants in first permanent molars. The independent variables included child race/ethnicity; socio-economic position (SEP) measured as child's participation in the free or reduced-price lunch program at the individual and school level; acculturation measured as language spoken at home and school level percent of English language learners; and parent functional health literacy measured as correctly following questionnaire instructions. Absolute differences and health disparity indices (i.e. Slope Index of Inequality, Relative Index of Inequality-mean, Absolute Concentration Index) were used to measure absolute and relative disparities. RESULTS The percent of children lacking sealants was high in all racial/ethnic groups; no child or school level SEP differences in lacking sealants were seen, but significant differences existed by acculturation (child and school level) and parental functional health literacy. CONCLUSIONS NonEnglish language and poor parental functional health literacy are potential barriers that need to be addressed to overcome disparities in sealant utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria C Mejia
- Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, Division of Oral Epidemiology and Dental Public Health, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Abstract
This article provides a state-of-the-art overview of clinically relevant evidence regarding effective, noninvasive management strategies to prevent, arrest, and remineralize caries lesions. With the rapidly increasing knowledge about oral biofilms and the process of caries in itself, the profession is embarking on new strategies. This is an exciting time, with several promising new agents and novel treatment modalities at the horizon to prevent and manage caries lesions. Some are already available in clinical practice. Studies, however, have yet to show conclusive evidence of clinical efficacy. None have shown to be more effective than fluoride and protection by sealant.
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Donovan TE, Becker W, Cagna DR, Hilton TJ, Rouse J. Annual review of selected scientific literature: Report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2010; 104:13-47. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(10)60087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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