Acute Pancreatitis-Induced Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy in an African American Male

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Associated With Acute Pancreatitis

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is classically associated with emotional stress in middle-aged women. In clinical practice, physical stressors are a more common cause of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Here, we present two patients who had acute pancreatitis as a physical stressor that caused Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, and an additional 13 cases identified in the literature. An important clinical feature of these cases is that because metabolic derangements are often encountered, close attention to electrolyte repletion with cardiac monitoring is indicated.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy complicating acute pancreatitis: a case report

Background

Acute pancreatitis as a trigger of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy has been infrequently described in the literature. Misdiagnosis of this phenomenon can often occur due to overlap in symptomology, particularly in those outside of the usual patient demographic.

Case presentation

A 27-year-old man with a history of alcohol abuse presented with epigastric and chest pain. Electrocardiography showed ischemic changes, and laboratory workup revealed elevated lipase and troponin. He was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis and managed presumptively as acute coronary syndrome. Subsequent coronary angiography was negative for obstructive coronary artery disease, and left ventriculography demonstrated basal hyperkinesis and apical akinesis, characteristic of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

Conclusions

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare complication of acute pancreatitis. Increased awareness of this phenomenon is required to prevent delays in diagnosis and avoid unnecessary interventions and complications.

Acute Pancreatitis Complicated by Stress Cardiomyopathy With Persistent Apical Akinesis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy or stress cardiomyopathy is a transient reversible cardiomyopathy characterized by regional wall motion abnormalities that usually extend beyond a single epicardial vascular distribution. It is often precipitated by acute physical or emotional stressors. In this article, we present the case of a postmenopausal woman who was admitted for management of acute pancreatitis. On the second day of admission, she developed shortness of breath and electrocardiographic abnormalities. A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed left ventricular systolic dysfunction and apical akinesis, and coronary angiography revealed normal coronary arteries. She was diagnosed with takotsubo cardiomyopathy triggered by acute pancreatitis and started on guideline-directed heart failure medications. A follow-up echocardiogram 4 months later revealed persistent systolic dysfunction and apical akinesis.

An Early Holiday Surprise: Cholecystitis Wrapped in Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

This is a novel case report of a 44-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department with epigastric pain wrapping around to her back. She had no risk factors for cardiac disease, but her initial electrocardiogram (ECG) showed a Wellens syndrome pattern and she was taken urgently to the catheterization lab. After a negative catheterization, she underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, which was positive for Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC). Ultimately, abdominal computed tomography revealed that she had cholecystitis, which likely was the cause of her TC and ECG changes.

Acute Pancreatitis Masquerading as Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction: A Review

A rare presentation of acute pancreatitis is with electrocardiographic (ECG) changes that mimic myocardial ischemia. We present a report of a patient that presented with hemodynamic instability and new ECG changes of ST segment elevations in contiguous leads II, III, and aVF mimicking an inferior wall myocardial infarction. Emergent coronary angiography showed no significant coronary obstruction, but it was followed by a left-sided hemiplegia with radiographic evidence of diffuse embolic stroke. The patient was later found to have an underlying diagnosis of pancreatitis. Additional history that later became available indicated a history of severe acute pancreatitis treated elsewhere a few months prior to the current admission. We present the first comprehensive review of the literature comprising 36 total cases with pancreatitis masquerading as acute myocardial infarction, with inferior wall STEMI pattern being the most frequent. We present this case to highlight the diagnostic dilemma posed by this masquerade of a high acuity myocardial infarction and to highlight alternative diagnoses to be considered in such clinical circumstances.

Acute pancreatitis-induced takotsubo cardiomyopathy and cardiogenic shock treated with a percutaneous left ventricular assist device

A 63-year-old man was admitted for severe acute pancreatitis. On day 3 of hospitalisation, he developed shortness of breath and acute pulmonary oedema. Echocardiogram revealed global hypokinesis with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 20%, and he was diagnosed with takotsubo cardiomyopathy. He developed cardiogenic shock which was treated successfully with a percutaneous left ventricular assist device. His left ventricular ejection fraction improved by hospital follow-up 3 weeks later.

Dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to acute pancreatitis caused by hypertriglyceridemia

A 30-year-old male presented to an outside facility with acute pancreatitis and triglycerides of 1594. He was transferred to our facility after becoming febrile, hypoxic and in acute renal failure with triglycerides of 4243. CT scan performed showed wall-off pancreatic necrosis. He underwent continuous renal replacement therapy and his acute renal failure resolved. He was treated with broad spectrum antibiotics and discharged. He developed a fever to 101 a week later and was found to have a large infected pancreatic pseudocyst. This was managed with an IR placed drain. This was continued for 6 weeks. He came to the emergency department several weeks later with shortness of breath and 3+ edema to bilateral lower extremities and lower abdomen. TTE performed showed an EF of 15%. He was diuresed 25 L during that stay. His heart failure was medically managed. We present this case of dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to acute pancreatitis.

Clostridium Difficile Infection and Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: Is There a Relation?

Context:

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) mimics acute coronary syndrome and is accompanied by reversible left ventricular apical ballooning in the absence of angiographically significant coronary artery stenosis. It is a transient condition that typically precedes physical or emotional triggers.

Case Report:

We describe the case of a 65-year-old woman who presented to our institution with symptomatic Clostridium difficile infection. 24 hours after admission, the patient complained of severe, retrosternal chest pain. Electrocardiogram showed diffuse elevation of ST-segment in the chest leads; however, coronary angiography demonstrated normal coronary arteries. Therein, an echocardiography was performed, which revealed apical ballooning and hypercontractile base with global left ventricular hypokinesis. These features were consistent with TCM. The patient was managed conservatively. Repeat echocardiogram 2 weeks later showed resolution of heart failure.

Conclusion:

To our research, this is the first report of TCM caused by C. difficile infection. Clinicians involved in the care of patients with C. difficile infection must be aware of this complication and should consider TCM in those who develop atypical chest pain.