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Zaid M, Sala L, Ivey JR, Tharp DL, Mueller CM, Thorne PK, Kelly SC, Silva KAS, Amin AR, Ruiz-Lozano P, Kapiloff MS, Despins L, Popescu M, Keller J, Skubic M, Ahmad S, Emter CA, Guidoboni G. Mechanism-Driven Modeling to Aid Non-invasive Monitoring of Cardiac Function via Ballistocardiography. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:788264. [PMID: 35252962 PMCID: PMC8888976 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.788264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) catheterization provides LV pressure-volume (P-V) loops and it represents the gold standard for cardiac function monitoring. This technique, however, is invasive and this limits its applicability in clinical and in-home settings. Ballistocardiography (BCG) is a good candidate for non-invasive cardiac monitoring, as it is based on capturing non-invasively the body motion that results from the blood flowing through the cardiovascular system. This work aims at building a mechanistic connection between changes in the BCG signal, changes in the P-V loops and changes in cardiac function. A mechanism-driven model based on cardiovascular physiology has been used as a virtual laboratory to predict how changes in cardiac function will manifest in the BCG waveform. Specifically, model simulations indicate that a decline in LV contractility results in an increase of the relative timing between the ECG and BCG signal and a decrease in BCG amplitude. The predicted changes have subsequently been observed in measurements on three swine serving as pre-clinical models for pre- and post-myocardial infarction conditions. The reproducibility of BCG measurements has been assessed on repeated, consecutive sessions of data acquisitions on three additional swine. Overall, this study provides experimental evidence supporting the utilization of mechanism-driven mathematical modeling as a guide to interpret changes in the BCG signal on the basis of cardiovascular physiology, thereby advancing the BCG technique as an effective method for non-invasive monitoring of cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zaid
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, College of Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Lorenzo Sala
- Centre de Recherche Inria Saclay Île-De-France, Palaiseau, France
| | - Jan R. Ivey
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Darla L. Tharp
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Christina M. Mueller
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Pamela K. Thorne
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Shannon C. Kelly
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Kleiton Augusto Santos Silva
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United States
| | - Amira R. Amin
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | | | - Michael S. Kapiloff
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Laurel Despins
- Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Mihail Popescu
- Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - James Keller
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, College of Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Marjorie Skubic
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, College of Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Salman Ahmad
- Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Craig A. Emter
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Giovanna Guidoboni
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, College of Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Mathematics, College of Arts and Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Giovanna Guidoboni
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