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Ge M, Jin L, Cui C, Han Y, Li H, Gao X, Li G, Yu H, Zhang B. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide improves stroke outcomes after focal ischemic stroke in mouse model by inhibiting the pyroptosis-regulated cell death and ameliorating neuroinflammation. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 974:176593. [PMID: 38636800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of pyroptosis-mediated cell death and neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke (IS) pathogenesis. DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), a synthesized compound based on an extract from seeds of Apium graveolens, possesses a broad range of biological effects. However, the efficacy and the underlying mechanisms of NBP in IS remain contentious. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic effects of NBP and elucidated its potential mechanisms in neuronal cell pyroptosis and microglia inflammatory responses. Adult male mice underwent permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO), followed by daily oral gavage of NBP (80 mg/kg) for 1, 7, or 21 consecutive days. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset of IS patients peripheral blood RNA sequencing was analyzed to identify differentially expressed pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) during the ischemic process. Our results suggested that NBP treatment effectively alleviated brain ischemic damage, resulting in decreased neurological deficit scores, reduced infarct volume, and improved neurological and behavioral functions. RNA sequence data from human unveiled upregulated PRGs in IS. Subsequently, we observed that NBP downregulated pyroptosis-associated markers at days 7 and 21 post-modeling, at both the protein and mRNA levels. Additionally, NBP suppressed the co-localization of pyroptosis markers with neuronal cells to variable degrees and simultaneously mitigated the accumulation of activated microglia. Overall, our data provide novel evidence that NBP treatment significantly attenuates ischemic brain damage and promotes recovery of neurological function in the early and recovery phases after IS, probably by negatively regulating the pyroptosis cell death of neuronal cells and inhibiting toxic neuroinflammation in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Ge
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lingting Jin
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yingying Han
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hongxiang Yu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Lu J, Zhang J, Wang X, Yuan F, Xin B, Li J, Yang Q, Li X, Zhang J, Wang X, Fu J, Guo C. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide promotes microglial phagocytosis and inhibits microglial inflammation via regulating AGE-RAGE pathway in APP/PS1 mice. Brain Res Bull 2024; 212:110969. [PMID: 38705540 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as the most prevalent neurodegenerative condition worldwide, and its correlation with microglial function is notably significant. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), derived from the seeds of Apium graveolens L. (Chinese celery), has demonstrated the capacity to diminish Aβ levels in the brain tissue of Alzheimer's transgenic mice. Despite this, its connection to neuroinflammation and microglial phagocytosis, along with the specific molecular mechanism involved, remains undefined. In this study, NBP treatment exhibited a substantial improvement in learning deficits observed in AD transgenic mice (APP/PS1 transgenic mice). Furthermore, NBP treatment significantly mitigated the total cerebral Aβ plaque deposition. This effect was attributed to the heightened presence of activated microglia surrounding Aβ plaques and an increase in microglial phagocytosis of Aβ plaques. Transcriptome sequencing analysis unveiled the potential involvement of the AGE (advanced glycation end products) -RAGE (receptor for AGE) signaling pathway in NBP's impact on APP/PS1 mice. Subsequent investigation disclosed a reduction in the secretion of AGEs, RAGE, and proinflammatory factors within the hippocampus and cortex of NBP-treated APP/PS1 mice. In summary, NBP alleviates cognitive impairment by augmenting the number of activated microglia around Aβ plaques and ameliorating AGE-RAGE-mediated neuroinflammation. These findings underscore the related mechanism of the crucial neuroprotective roles of microglial phagocytosis and anti-inflammation in NBP treatment for AD, offering a potential therapeutic target for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuzhe Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanjun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingxia Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyan Wang
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Jianliang Fu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Cheng Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Zheng H, Wu H, Wang D, Wang S, Ji D, Liu X, Gao G, Su X, Zhang Y, Ling Y. Research progress of prodrugs for the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 272:116457. [PMID: 38704941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
It is well-known that pharmacotherapy plays a pivotal role in the treatment and prevention of cerebral ischemia. Nevertheless, existing drugs, including numerous natural products, encounter various challenges when applied in cerebral ischemia treatment. These challenges comprise poor brain absorption due to low blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, limited water solubility, inadequate bioavailability, poor stability, and rapid metabolism. To address these issues, researchers have turned to prodrug strategies, aiming to mitigate or eliminate the adverse properties of parent drug molecules. In vivo metabolism or enzymatic reactions convert prodrugs into active parent drugs, thereby augmenting BBB permeability, improving bioavailability and stability, and reducing toxicity to normal tissues, ultimately aiming to enhance treatment efficacy and safety. This comprehensive review delves into multiple effective prodrug strategies, providing a detailed description of representative prodrugs developed over the past two decades. It underscores the potential of prodrug approaches to improve the therapeutic outcomes of currently available drugs for cerebral ischemia. The publication of this review serves to enrich current research progress on prodrug strategies for the treatment and prevention of cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, it seeks to offer valuable insights for pharmaceutical chemists in this field, offer guidance for the development of drugs for cerebral ischemia, and provide patients with safer and more effective drug treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Dezhi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Sijia Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Dongliang Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ge Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xing Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Wang G, Li Z, Wang G, Sun Q, Lin P, Wang Q, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhang T, Cui F, Zhong Z. Advances in Engineered Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke by Enhancing Angiogenesis. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:4377-4409. [PMID: 38774029 PMCID: PMC11108071 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s463333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, or the formation of new blood vessels, is a natural defensive mechanism that aids in the restoration of oxygen and nutrition delivery to injured brain tissue after an ischemic stroke. Angiogenesis, by increasing vessel development, may maintain brain perfusion, enabling neuronal survival, brain plasticity, and neurologic recovery. Induction of angiogenesis and the formation of new vessels aid in neurorepair processes such as neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. Advanced nano drug delivery systems hold promise for treatment stroke by facilitating efficient transportation across the the blood-brain barrier and maintaining optimal drug concentrations. Nanoparticle has recently been shown to greatly boost angiogenesis and decrease vascular permeability, as well as improve neuroplasticity and neurological recovery after ischemic stroke. We describe current breakthroughs in the development of nanoparticle-based treatments for better angiogenesis therapy for ischemic stroke employing polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, inorganic nanoparticles, and biomimetic nanoparticles in this study. We outline new nanoparticles in detail, review the hurdles and strategies for conveying nanoparticle to lesions, and demonstrate the most recent advances in nanoparticle in angiogenesis for stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangtian Wang
- Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gongchen Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qixu Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Penglai People’s Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 265600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Lin
- Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huishu Zhang
- Teaching Center of Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Teaching Center of Morphology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongshuai Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feiyun Cui
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaohua Zhong
- Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Zeng Q, Zhang Z, Cai Z, Hu P, Yang Z, Wan Y, Li H, Xiong J, Feng Y, Fang Y. Synthesis and Neuroprotective Evaluation of Substituted Indanone/Benzofuranone and Piperidine Hybrids. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2042-2057. [PMID: 38656184 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Based on the neuroprotection of butylphthalide and donepezil, a series of indanone/benzofuranone and piperidine hybrids were designed and synthesized for assessment of their neuroprotective activities, aiming to enhance the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of natural phthalide analogues. Within this study, it was observed that most indanone derivatives bearing 1-methylpiperidine in the tail segment demonstrated superior neuroprotective effects on the oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced rat primary neuronal cell injury model in vitro compared to benzofuranone compounds. Among the synthesized compounds, 11 (4, 14, 15, 22, 26, 35, 36, 37, 48, 49, and 52) displayed robust cell viabilities in the OGD/R model, along with favorable blood-brain barrier permeability as confirmed by the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay. Notably, compound 4 showed significant neuronal cell viabilities within the concentration range of 3.125 to 100 μM, without inducing cytotoxicity. Further results from in vivo middle cerebral artery occlusion/R experiments revealed that 4 effectively ameliorated ischemia-reperfusion injury, reducing the infarct volume to 18.45% at a dose of 40 mg/kg. This outcome suggested a superior neuroprotective effect compared to edaravone at 20 mg/kg, further highlighting the potential therapeutic efficacy of compound 4 in addressing neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Zhifang Cai
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Pei Hu
- Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330103, China
| | - Zunhua Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yang Wan
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Huilan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jian Xiong
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yuanying Fang
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
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6
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Wang Y, Yuan Y, Wang R, Wang T, Guo F, Bian Y, Wang T, Ma Q, Yuan H, Du Y, Jin J, Jiang H, Han F, Jiang J, Pan Y, Wang L, Wu F. Injectable Thermosensitive Gel CH-BPNs-NBP for Effective Periodontitis Treatment through ROS-Scavenging and Jaw Vascular Unit Protection. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400533. [PMID: 38722018 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis, a prevalent inflammatory condition in the oral cavity, is closely associated with oxidative stress-induced tissue damage mediated by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The jaw vascular unit (JVU), encompassing both vascular and lymphatic vessels, plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue fluid homeostasis and contributes to the pathological process in inflammatory diseases of the jaw. This study presents a novel approach for treating periodontitis through the development of an injectable thermosensitive gel (CH-BPNs-NBP). The gel formulation incorporates black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNs), which are notable for their ROS-scavenging properties, and dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), a vasodilator that promotes lymphatic vessel function within the JVU. These results demonstrate that the designed thermosensitive gel serve as a controlled release system, delivering BPNs and NBP to the site of inflammation. CH-BPNs-NBP not only protects macrophages and human lymphatic endothelial cells from ROS attack but also promotes M2 polarization and lymphatic function. In in vivo studies, this work observes a significant reduction in inflammation and tissue damage, accompanied by a notable promotion of alveolar bone regeneration. This research introduces a promising therapeutic strategy for periodontitis, leveraging the unique properties of BPNs and NBP within an injectable thermosensitive gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Yuqing Yuan
- Department of Orthodontic, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Ruyu Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Fanyi Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Yifeng Bian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Tianyao Wang
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Qian Ma
- Department of General Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Yifei Du
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Jianliang Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Research Centre for Bone and Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, School of Biomedical Engineering and informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Huijun Jiang
- Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Feng Han
- Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yongchu Pan
- Department of Orthodontic, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
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Li D, Zhang W, Fu H, Wang X, Tang Y, Huang C. DL-3- n-butylphthalide attenuates doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity via Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27644. [PMID: 38486757 PMCID: PMC10938138 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug known to cause dose-dependent myocardial toxicity, which limits its clinical potential. DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), a substance extracted from celery seed species, has a number of pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic actions. However, whether NBP can protect against DOX-induced acute myocardial toxicity is still unclear. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the potential protective effects of NBP against DOX-induced acute myocardial injury and its underlying mechanism. By injecting 15 mg/kg of DOX intraperitoneally, eight-week-old male C57BL6 mice suffered an acute myocardial injury. The treatment group of mice received 80 mg/kg NBP by gavage once daily for 14 days. To mimic the cardiotoxicity of DOX, 1uM DOX was administered to H9C2 cells in vitro. In comparison to the DOX group, the results showed that NBP improved cardiac function and decreased serum levels of cTnI, LDH, and CK-MB. Additionally, HE staining demonstrated that NBP attenuated cardiac fibrillar lysis and breakage in DOX-treated mouse hearts. Western blotting assay and immunofluorescence staining suggested that NBP attenuated DOX-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, NBP significantly upregulated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, while the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 prevented NBP from protecting the myocardium from DOX-induced myocardial toxicity in vitro. In conclusion, Our results indicate that NBP alleviates DOX-induced myocardial toxicity by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengke Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Hui Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Yanhong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China
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8
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Dai MJ, Gui XX, Jia SM, Lv ST, Dou H, Cui W. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide promotes angiogenesis in ischemic stroke mice through upregulating autocrine and paracrine sonic hedgehog. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:2404-2417. [PMID: 37580491 PMCID: PMC10692133 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01137-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) is a small-molecule drug used in the treatment of ischemic stroke in China, which is proven to ameliorate the symptoms of ischemic stroke and improve the prognosis of patients. Previous studies have shown that NBP accelerates recovery after stroke by promoting angiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the angiogenesis-promoting effects of NBP in ischemic stroke models in vitro and in vivo. OGD/R model was established in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs), while the tMCAO model was established in mice. The cells were pretreated with NBP (10, 50, 100 µM); the mice were administered NBP (4, 8 mg/kg, i.v.) twice after tMCAO. We showed that NBP treatment significantly stimulated angiogenesis by inducing massive production of angiogenic growth factors VEGFA and CD31 in both in vitro and in vivo models of ischemic stroke. NBP also increased the tubule formation rate and migration capability of HUVECs in vitro. By conducting the weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we found that these effects were achieved by upregulating the expression of a hedgehog signaling pathway. We demonstrated that NBP treatment not only changed the levels of regulators of the hedgehog signaling pathway but also activated the transcription factor Gli1. The pro-angiogenesis effect of NBP was abolished when the hedgehog signaling pathway was inhibited by GDC-0449 in HUVECs, by Sonic Hedgehog(Shh) knockdown in HUVECs, or by intracerebroventricular injection of AAV-shRNA(shh)-CMV in tMCAO mice. Furthermore, we found that HUVECs produced a pro-angiogenic response not only to autocrine Shh, but also to paracrine Shh secreted by astrocytes. Together, we demonstrate that NBP promotes angiogenesis via upregulating the hedgehog signaling pathway. Our results provide an experimental basis for the clinical use of NBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Jie Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xing-Xing Gui
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Shu-Miao Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Shu-Ting Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Hao Dou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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9
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Zheng Y, Zhao F, Hu Y, Yan F, Tian Y, Wang R, Huang Y, Zhong L, Luo Y, Ma Q. LC-MS/MS metabolomic profiling of the protective butylphthalide effect in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion mice. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:107347. [PMID: 37716103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was designed to investigate metabolic biomarker changes and related metabolic pathways of Butylphthalide (NBP) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. METHODS In this study, a mouse cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model was prepared using the middle cerebral artery occlusion method, and neurobehavioral score and 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining experiments were used to confirm the obvious NBP anti-cerebral ischemia effect. The protective effect of NBP in the mouse cerebral I/R model and its metabolic pathway and mechanism were investigated using mouse blood samples. RESULTS The metabolic profiles of mice in the I/R+NBP, I/R, and sham groups were significantly different. Under the condition that I/R vs. sham was downregulated and I/R + NBP vs. I/R was upregulated, 88 differential metabolites, including estradiol, ubiquinone-2, 2-oxoarginine, and L-histidine trimethylbetaine, were screened and identified. The related metabolic pathways involved arginine and proline metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, ubiquitin and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis, and estrogen signaling. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics was used to elucidate the NBP mechanism in cerebral ischemia treatment in mice, revealing synergistic NBP pharmacological characteristics with multiple targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmin Zheng
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Tian
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyou Huang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liyuan Zhong
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingfeng Ma
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
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10
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Yang ZH, Liu YJ, Ban WK, Liu HB, Lv LJ, Zhang BY, Liu AL, Hou ZY, Lu J, Chen X, You YY. Pterostilbene alleviated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction via inhibiting early endothelial cytoskeleton reorganization and late basement membrane degradation. Food Funct 2023; 14:8291-8308. [PMID: 37602757 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02639f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Pterostilbene, an important analogue of the star molecule resveratrol and a novel compound naturally occurring in blueberries and grapes, exerts a significant neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), but its mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to follow the molecular mechanisms behind the potential protective effect of pterostilbene against I/R induced injury. For fulfilment of our aim, we investigated the protective effects of pterostilbene on I/R injury caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in vivo and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in vitro. Machine learning models and molecular docking were used for target exploration and validated by western blotting. Pterostilbene significantly reduced the cerebral infarction volume, improved neurological deficits, increased cerebral microcirculation and improved blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage. Machine learning models confirmed that the stroke target MMP-9 bound to pterostilbene, and molecular docking demonstrated the strong binding activity. We further found that pterostilbene could depolymerize stress fibers and maintain the cytoskeleton by effectively increasing the expression of the non-phosphorylated actin depolymerizing factor (ADF) in the early stage of I/R. In the late stage of I/R, pterostilbene could activate the Wnt pathway and inhibit the expression of MMP-9 to decrease the degradation of the extracellular basement membrane (BM) and increase the expression of junction proteins. In this study, we explored the protective mechanisms of pterostilbene in terms of both endothelial cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix. The early and late protective effects jointly maintain BBB stability and attenuate I/R injury, showing its potential to be a promising drug candidate for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ye-Ju Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wei-Kang Ban
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hai-Bo Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ling-Juan Lv
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Bao-Yue Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ai-Lin Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zi-Yu Hou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Juan Lu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yu-Yang You
- Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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11
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Zhao F, Zhong L, Wang Y, Wang R, Yang Z, Luo Y, Zheng Y. Untargeted metabolomics uncovering neuroprotective effect of Dl-3-n-butylphthalide on improving cognitive impairment induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110271. [PMID: 37172424 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) can cause cognitive impairments. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) is widely used in neurological disorders; but, the role of NBP in CCH remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of NBP on CCH through untargeted metabolomics. Animals were divided into CCH, Sham, and NBP groups. A rat model of bilateral carotid artery ligation was used to simulate CCH. Cognitive function of the rats was assessed using the Morris water maze test. Additionally, we used LC-MS/MS to detect ionic intensities of metabolites between the three groups for off-target metabolism analysis and to screen for differential metabolites. The analysis showed an improvement in cognitive function in rats after NBP treatment. Moreover, metabolomic studies showed that the serum metabolic profiles of the Sham and CCH groups were significantly altered, and 33 metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers associated with the effects of NBP. These metabolites were enriched in 24 metabolic pathways.And the pathway of differential metabolite enrichment was further verified by immunofluorescence. Thus, the study provides a theoretical basis for the pathogenesis of CCH and the treatment of CCH by NBP, and supports a wider application of NBP drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Liyuan Zhong
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhong Yang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yangmin Zheng
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
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12
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Wang XX, Mao GH, Li QQ, Tang J, Zhang H, Wang KL, Wang L, Ni H, Sheng R, Qin ZH. Neuroprotection of NAD+ and NBP against ischemia/reperfusion brain injury is associated with restoration of sirtuin-regulated metabolic homeostasis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1096533. [PMID: 37056986 PMCID: PMC10086243 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1096533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ischemic stroke seriously threatens human health because of high rates of morbidity, mortality and disability. This study compared the effects of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and butylphthalide (NBP) on in vitro and in vivo ischemic stroke models.Methods: Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (t-MCAO/R) model was established in mice, and the cultured primary cortical neurons were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Cerebral infarct volume, neurobehavioral indices, antioxidant activity, ATP level and lactic acid content were determined. The neuroprotective effects of NAD+ or NBP were compared using sirtuin inhibitor niacinamide (NAM).Results: Intraperitoneal injection of NBP within 4 h or intravenous injection of NAD+ within 1 h after t-MCAO/R significantly reduced the volume of infarcts, cerebral edema, and neurological deficits. Administration of NAD+ and NBP immediately after t-MCAO/R in mice showed similar neuroprotection against acute and long-term ischemic injury. Both NAD+ and NBP significantly inhibited the accumulation of MDA and H2O2 and reduced oxidative stress. NAD+ was superior to NBP in inhibiting lipid oxidation and DNA damage. Furthermore, although both NAD+ and NBP improved the morphology of mitochondrial damage induced by ischemia/reperfusion, NAD+ more effectively reversed the decrease of ATP and increase of lactic acid after ischemia/reperfusion compared with NBP. NAD+ but not NBP treatment significantly upregulated SIRT3 in the brain, but the sirtuin inhibitor NAM could abolish the protective effect of NAD+ and NBP by inhibiting SIRT1 or SIRT3.Conclusions: These results confirmed the protective effects of NAD+ and NBP on cerebral ischemic injury. NBP and NAD+ showed similar antioxidant effects, while NAD+ had better ability in restoring energy metabolism, possibly through upregulating the activity of SIRT1 and SIRT3. The protection provided by NBP against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion may be achieved through SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hui Mao
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi-Qi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Lei Wang
- Hefei Knature Bio-pharm Co., Ltd., Hefei, China
| | - Hong Ni
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Sheng, ; Zheng-Hong Qin,
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Sheng, ; Zheng-Hong Qin,
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13
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Lin X, Wang H, Huang S, Chen L, Yang S, Zhao P, Lin Z, Yang J, Ruan L, Ni H, Wang K, Wen M, Jin K, Zhuge Q. A Reliable Nonhuman Primate Model of Ischemic Stroke with Reproducible Infarct Size and Long-term Sensorimotor Deficits. Aging Dis 2023; 14:245-255. [PMID: 36818571 PMCID: PMC9937702 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A nonhuman primate model of ischemic stroke is considered as an ideal preclinical model to replicate various aspects of human stroke because of their similarity to humans in genetics, neuroanatomy, physiology, and immunology. However, it remains challenging to produce a reliable and reproducible stroke model in nonhuman primates due to high mortality and variable outcomes. Here, we developed a focal cerebral ischemic model induced by topical application of 50% ferric chloride (FeCl3) onto the MCA-M1 segment through a cranial window in the cynomolgus monkeys. We found that FeCl3 rapidly produced a stable intraarterial thrombus that caused complete occlusion of the MCA, leading to the quick decrease of the regional cerebral blood flow in 10 min. A typical cortical infarct was detected 24 hours by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and was stable at least for 1 month after surgery. The sensorimotor deficit assessed by nonhuman primate stroke scale was observed at 1 day and up to 3 months after ischemic stroke. No spontaneous revascularization or autolysis of thrombus was observed, and vital signs were not affected. All operated cynomolgus monkeys survived. Our data suggested that FeCl3-induced stroke in nonhuman primates was a replicable and reliable model that is necessary for the correct prediction of the relevance of experimental therapeutic approaches in human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Shengwei Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Lefu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Su Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Peiqi Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Zhongxiao Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Jianjing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Linhui Ruan
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Haoqi Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Kankai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Min Wen
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Kunlin Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Qichuan Zhuge
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Qichuan Zhuge, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. .
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14
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Jia J, Deng J, Jin H, Yang J, Nan D, Yu Z, Yu W, Shen Z, Lu Y, Liu R, Wang Z, Qu X, Qiu D, Yang Z, Huang Y. Effect of Dl-3-n-butylphthalide on mitochondrial Cox7c in models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1084564. [PMID: 36909178 PMCID: PMC9992206 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1084564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated the protective effect of dl-3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP) against cerebral ischemia, which may be related to the attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the specific mechanism and targets of NBP in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion remains unclear. In this study, we used a chemical proteomics approach to search for targets of NBP and identified cytochrome C oxidase 7c (Cox7c) as a key interacting target of NBP. Our findings indicated that NBP inhibits mitochondrial apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) release and increases ATP production through upregulation of Cox7c. Subsequently, mitochondrial respiratory capacity was improved and the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway was upregulated, which contributed to the maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential and blood brain barrier integrity and promoting angiogenesis. Therefore, our findings provided a novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of NBP, and also proposed for the first time that Cox7c exerts a critical role by protecting mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Jia
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Center for Children's Health, Department of Neurology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwen Deng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haiqiang Jin
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Leewe Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Xianlin University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ding Nan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zemou Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Center for Children's Health, Department of Neurology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyuan Shen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxuan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozhong Qu
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Qiu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhong Yang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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15
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Zhang Q, Han Y, Xiang H, Li M, Yang L, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Lin Q, Zhang L. Biopharmaceutical, preclinical pharmacokinetic and pharmaco-dynamic investigations of an orally administered novel 3-nbutylphthalide prodrug for ischemic stroke treatment. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 180:106308. [PMID: 36272688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) has been contributing in leading causes of disability and death worldwide and the cases are still increasing. In China, naturally sourced compound 3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) is widely applied in clinical practice for IS treatment with established evidences of efficacy and safety. However, NBP is an oily liquid at room temperature and has no active brain targeting ability, quite limiting its broader application in clinical practice. Via intravenous injection (i.v.) a prodrug compound (DB1) we previously developed deriving from NBP had dramatically enhanced the pharmacological effects, where however, this i.v. route still discount future patient compliance. As druggability of DB1 in oral administration has yet to be elaborated, the current study intended to systemically investigate its biopharmaceutical properties, so as to further consider clinical applicability of DB1 oral preparations. Additionally, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of DB1 via oral administered route were also studied, illustrating broad potential of further DB1 medicine development. After the derivation, aqueous solubility of DB1 improved 3∼400 folds compared with NBP in various pH media, and n-octanol/water partition coefficient kept in the range of 0∼2. In situ single-pass intestinal perfusion on rats showed effective permeability coefficient of DB1 over 10-2 cm/s. In contrast to NBP, oral administration of DB1 could display significant enhanced bioavailability in rats and achieve increased accumulation in brain tissues. As expected, DB1 effectively alleviated oxidative stress damage and reduced infarct volume on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) modeled rats, resulting in reduced mortality. Additionally, this new prodrug did not add any safety concerns based on NBP. Therefore, biopharmaceutical results and preclinical pharmacodynamic evidences support the conclusion that an oral administration of DB1 may have a good potential for clinical IS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China; Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Yikun Han
- West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Honglin Xiang
- West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Min Li
- West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Lan Yang
- West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Qiang Liu
- YaoPharma Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401121, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- YaoPharma Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401121, PR China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Qing Lin
- West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China; Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China; Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China.
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16
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Li X, Han Z, Wang T, Ma C, Li H, Lei H, Yang Y, Wang Y, Pei Z, Liu Z, Cheng L, Chen G. Cerium oxide nanoparticles with antioxidative neurorestoration for ischemic stroke. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121904. [PMID: 36403323 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage are the main mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion injury in ischemic stroke. Herein, cerium oxide nanoparticles with powerful free radical scavenging ability were used as carriers to load dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP-CeO2 NPs) for the combined treatment of ischemic stroke. NBP-CeO2 NPs could eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells and hippocampal neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), and also save mitochondrial membrane potential, morphology, and function, thus alleviating the in vitro blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption and neuronal apoptosis. In the middle cerebral artery embolization/recanalization (MCAO/R) mouse model, the NBP-CeO2 NPs also possessed superior ROS scavenging ability, protected mitochondria, and preserved BBB integrity, thereby reducing cerebral infarction and cerebral edema and inhibiting neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis. The long-term neurobehavioral tests indicated that the NBP-CeO2 NPs significantly improved sensorimotor function and spatial learning ability by promoting angiogenesis after ischemic stroke. Therefore, the NBP-CeO2 NPs provided a novel therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke by combining antioxidant and neurovascular repair abilities, highlighting its wide application in ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhihui Han
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huali Lei
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuanjie Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zifan Pei
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Fang C, Liu J, Feng M, Jia Z, Li Y, Dai Y, Zhu M, Huang B, Liu L, Wei Z, Wang X, Xiao H. Shengyu Decoction treating vascular cognitive impairment by promoting AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF related cerebrovascular generation and ameliorating MAPK/NF-κB mediated neuroinflammation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 296:115441. [PMID: 35700854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shengyu Decoction (SYD), a classical Chinese medicine formula, is good at nourishing blood, promoting blood circulation, and soothe the nerves. SYD can improve cognitive ability. This decoction is suitable for treating vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). however, its active ingredients and possible mechanism have not been investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was conducted to observe the effects of SYD on improving the cognitive abilities of rats with VCI, to explore its active ingredients and mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats with VCI model were established by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO), and the effects of SYD (5, 2.5 g/kg) on the cognitive abilities of VCI rats were evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM) and neurological assessment. The pathological changes of hippocampal CA1 were observed by H &E and Nissl staining. The effect of SYD on cerebral blood flow (CBF) was evaluated by Laser Speckle Contrast Imager. The expression of CD31 in the cerebral cortex was measured by immunofluorescence (IF) to evaluate the number of cerebral micro vessels. The levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the hippocampus were determined using an ELISA kit, and the active components in the plasma and brain tissues of rats after SYD administration were analyzed using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The interaction network of the compound-target pathway was established using the SWISS Target, GO, and DAVID databases. The expression of AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF and p38 MAPK signaling pathway in the brain tissues was determined using western blotting (WB). RESULTS SYD (2.5, 5 g/kg) significantly improved the cognitive abilities of VCI rats in the MWM and neurological assessment. H&E and Nissl staining showed that SYD significantly ameliorated the pathological hippocampal CA1 area and increased the number of Nissl bodies. The Laser Speckle Contrast Imager showed that the cortical CBF of VCI rats in the SYD group was significantly increased, and the IF results showed that CD31 expression was significantly increased in the SYD group. The ELISA results showed that the contents of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in SYD were significantly reduced. A total of 29 compounds were found in the plasma and brain tissues of the rats treated with SYD. Network pharmacology revealed 99 targets for the treatment of VCI. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the HIF-1 and MAPK signaling pathways might be important for SYD to ameliorate VCI. WB showed that the expressions of AKT, HIF-1α, and VEGF in the brain tissues of rats were significantly increased; in addition, NF-κB and p38 MAPK were significantly reduced in the SYD group. CONCLUSION SYD can improve the cognitive abilities of VCI rats. The mechanism of action of its active ingredients improves cognitive impairment by affecting the AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF and p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways, promoting cerebrovascular generation, and ameliorating neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Fang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Research Center of Chinese Medicine Analysis and Transformation, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Research Center of Chinese Medicine Analysis and Transformation, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Menghan Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Research Center of Chinese Medicine Analysis and Transformation, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixin Jia
- Research Center of Chinese Medicine Analysis and Transformation, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yueting Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Research Center of Chinese Medicine Analysis and Transformation, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yihang Dai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Research Center of Chinese Medicine Analysis and Transformation, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meixia Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Research Center of Chinese Medicine Analysis and Transformation, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Beibei Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Research Center of Chinese Medicine Analysis and Transformation, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lirong Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Research Center of Chinese Medicine Analysis and Transformation, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zuying Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Research Center of Chinese Medicine Analysis and Transformation, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Xiao
- Research Center of Chinese Medicine Analysis and Transformation, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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18
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Wang H, Ye K, Li D, Liu Y, Wang D. DL-3-n-butylphthalide for acute ischemic stroke: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:963118. [PMID: 36120291 PMCID: PMC9479342 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.963118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: DL -3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) is widely used as a neuroprotective drug in stroke patients in China. A systematic review in 2010 suggested NBP to be safe and effective at promoting neurological recovery, but could not conclude whether it decreased risk of long-term death or disability. Since numerous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted on NBP since 2010, we performed an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of safety and efficacy data. Method: We searched electronic databases and reference lists to identify RCTs that compared patients who received NBP or not (including placebo). Methodological quality of RCTs was assessed using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0, and data were meta-analyzed using Review Manager 5.4 software. Results: Fifty-seven RCTs involving 8,747 participants were included. Twenty trials examined NBP as a capsule, 29 as an injection, and 8 as sequential injection-capsule therapy. Meta-analyses showed that NBP treatment was associated with a reduction in composite outcome of death and dependency (risk ratio 0.59, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.83; 260 participants; 2 studies), death (risk ratio 0.32, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.75; 2,287 participants; 10 studies), modified Rankin Scale score (mean difference -0.80, 95% CI -0.88 to -0.72; 568 participants; 4 studies), and an increase in Barthel Index, which assesses the ability to engage in basic activities of daily living (mean difference 11.08, 95% CI 9.10 to 13.05; 2,968 participants; 22 studies). Meta-analyses found that NBP significantly reduced neurological deficit based on National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (mean difference -3.39, 95% CI -3.76 to -3.03; 7.283 participants; 46 studies) and Chinese Stroke Scale (mean difference -4.16, 95% CI -7.60 to -0.73; 543 participants; 4 studies). Of the adverse events reported in 31 trials, elevated transaminase (incidence, 1.39-17.53%), rash (0-1.96%) and gastrointestinal discomfort (1.09-6.15%) were most frequent and no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion: This update review confirms that NBP can help acute ischemic stroke patients regain the ability to perform activities of daily living, reduce their neurological deficit and short-term death rates. However, the available evidence on whether NBP reduces risk of long-term death or dependence after ischemic stroke remains insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaili Ye
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Mental and Neurological Disease Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deren Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Deren Wang,
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Li K, Zhang Q, Lu X, Yao S. Effects of Butylphthalide Sodium Chloride Injection Combined with Edaravone Dexborneol on Neurological Function and Serum Inflammatory Factor Levels in Sufferers Having Acute Ischemic Stroke. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:1509407. [PMID: 35463675 PMCID: PMC9020939 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1509407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
For investigating an influence on butylphthalide sodium chloride injection combined with edaravone dexborneol on neurological function and serum inflammatory factor levels in sufferers having acute ischemic stroke, 120 sufferers having acute ischemic stroke from September 2020 to September 2021 are chosen for the study subjects. In line with the diverse therapies, they took part in a control group and the study group, with 60 examples in each group. The control group is treated with edaravone dexborneol, and the study group is treated with butylphthalide sodium chloride injection, based on the control group. The posttreatment curative efficacy on the two groups is recorded, and treatment of both the two groups is compared. Before and after neurological function indexes (NIHSS and mRS), inflammatory factor indexes (IL-6, CRP, and TNF-α), life quality index (Barthel index), hemorheological indexes (plasma-specific viscosity), and neurological levels of NSE are logged and contrasted between the two groups of adverse reactions during therapy. Postcure, the overall response rate and Barthel index of the study group obviously overtop those of the control group (p < 0.05). IL-6, CRP, TNF-α, NSE, plasma specific viscosity, and NIHSS and mRS scores obviously hypodown those of the control group (p < 0.05), and untoward effects on the two groups during curing are lower, and the discrepancy is not obvious(p > 0.05). Butylphthalide sodium chloride injection combined with edaravone dexborneol can enhance curative efficacy on sufferers having acute ischemic stroke, improve neurological function, blood rheology, and quality of life, and decrease the secretion of cytokine, having a better effect and high medication safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keliang Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Qiting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Xuesheng Lu
- Department of Neurology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Shengqi Yao
- Department of Neurology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
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Guo S, Mangal R, Dandu C, Geng X, Ding Y. Role of Forkhead Box Protein O1 (FoxO1) in Stroke: A Literature Review. Aging Dis 2022; 13:521-533. [PMID: 35371601 PMCID: PMC8947839 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the most prevalent causes of death around the world. When a stroke occurs, many cellular signaling cascades and regulators are activated, which results in severe cellular dysfunction and debilitating long-term disability. One crucial regulator of cell fate and function is mammalian Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1). Many studies have found FoxO1 to be implicated in many cellular processes, including regulating gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. During a stroke, modifications of FoxO1 have been linked to a variety of functions, such as inducing cell death and inflammation, inhibiting oxidative injury, affecting the blood brain barrier (BBB), and regulating hepatic gluconeogenesis. For these functions of FoxO1, different measures and treatments were applied to FoxO1 after ischemia. However, the subtle mechanisms of post-transcriptional modification and the role of FoxO1 are still elusive and even contradictory in the development of stroke. The determination of these mechanisms will lead to further enlightenment for FoxO1 signal transduction and the identification of targeted drugs. The regulation and function of FoxO1 may provide an important way for the prevention and treatment of diseases. Overall, the functions of FoxO1 are multifactorial, and this paper will summarize all of the significant pathways in which FoxO1 plays an important role during stroke damage and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichao Guo
- 1Luhe Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,3Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Ruchi Mangal
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Chaitu Dandu
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Xiaokun Geng
- 1Luhe Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,3Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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CaMKIIα Signaling Is Required for the Neuroprotective Effects of Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3370-3381. [PMID: 35305243 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease and most anti-AD drugs have failed in clinical trials; hence, it is urgent to find potentially effective drugs against AD. DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) is a compound extracted from celery seed and is a multiple-target drug. Several studies have demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of NBP on cognitive impairment, but the mechanisms of NBP remains relatively unexplored. In this study, we found that NBP could alleviated the increase of intracellular Ca2+ and reversed down-regulation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase alpha (CaMKIIα) signaling and rescued neuronal apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells treated by Aβ oligomers. However, these neuroprotective effects of NBP on neuronal damage and CaMKIIα signaling were abolished when CaMKIIα expression was knocked down or its activity was inhibited. Thus, our findings suggested that CaMKIIα signaling was required for the neuroprotective effects of NBP in AD and provided an improved basis for elucidating the mechanism and treatment of NBP in AD.
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22
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Song K, Zeng X, Xie X, Zhu R, Liang J, Chen G, Huang L. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide attenuates brain injury caused by cortical infarction accompanied by cranial venous drainage disturbance. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2022; 7:222-236. [PMID: 35101948 PMCID: PMC9240610 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2021-001308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral venous disorder may have a harmful effect on ischaemic stroke; however, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Although Dl-3-n-butylphthalide is a multitarget agent for antiischaemic stroke, its neuroprotective role in brain ischaemia accompanied by brain venous disturbance remains unclear. In this study, we induced cerebral venous disturbance by the occlusion of bilateral external jugular veins (EJVs) to explore the potential mechanism of the adverse effects of cerebrovenous disorders in cerebral infarction and explore the protective effect of Dl-3-n-butylphthalide on cerebral infarction accompanied through cerebral venous disturbance. Methods Cerebral venous disturbance was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats through the permanent occlusion of bilateral EJVs, and cerebral ischaemic stroke was induced through the permanent occlusion of the right cortical branches of the middle cerebral artery. 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, MRI, Evans blue extravasation and behavioural test were performed to evaluate infarction volume, cerebral blood flow (CBF), blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity and neurological function. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis were performed to detect loss of neuron, endothelial cells, pericytes and tight junctions. Results Bilateral EJVs occlusion did not cause cerebral infarction; however, it increased the infarction volume compared with the simple middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group, accompanied by severe neuron loss, worse neurological function, lower CBF, increased EJVs pressure, exacerbated Evans blue extravasation and brain oedema, as well as attenuated angiogenesis. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide displayed a neuroprotective effect in rats with MCAO accompanied by EJVs occlusion by reducing neuron loss, accelerating CBF restoration, promoting angiogenesis and relieving BBB damage. Conclusion Bilateral EJVs occlusion did not significantly affect normal rats but aggravated brain damage in the case of ischaemic stroke. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide treatment plays a neuroprotective role in rats with MCAO accompanied by EJVs occlusion, mainly due to the promotion of CBF restoration and BBB protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangping Song
- Department of Neurology, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Xie
- Department of Neurology, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongxuan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianye Liang
- Medical Imaging Center, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guobing Chen
- Institute of Geriatric Immunology, Medical college of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li'an Huang
- Department of Neurology, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Xu Q, Hu M, Li J, Ma X, Chu Z, Zhu Q, Zhang Y, Zhu P, Huang Y, He G. Discovery of novel brain-penetrant GluN2B NMDAR antagonists via pharmacophore-merging strategy as anti-stroke therapeutic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 227:113876. [PMID: 34710748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel structural series of brain-penetrant GluN2B NMDAR antagonists were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated as anti-stroke therapeutic agents via merging the structures of NBP and known GluN2B ligands. Approximately half of them exhibited superior neuroprotective activity to NBP against NMDA-induced neurotoxicity in hippocampal neurons at 10 μM, and compound 45e and 45f exerted equipotent activity to ifenprodil, an approved GluN2B- selective NMDAR antagonist. In particular, 45e, with the most potent neuroprotective activity throughout this series, displayed dramatically enhanced activity (Ki = 3.26 nM) compared to ifenprodil (Ki = 14.80 nM) in Radioligand Competitive Binding Assay, and remarkable inhibition (IC50 = 79.32 nM) against GluN1/GluN2B receptor-mediated current in Patch Clamp Assay. Meanwhile, 45e and its enantiomers exhibited low inhibition rate against the current mediated by other investigated receptors at the concentration of 10 μM, indicating their favorable selectivity for GluN1/GluN2B. In the rat model of middle cerebral artery ischemia (MCAO), 45e exerted comparable therapeutic efficacy to ifenprodil at the same dosage. In addition to the attractive in vitro and in vivo potency, 45e displayed a favorable bioavailability (F = 63.37%) and an excellent brain exposure. In further repeated dose toxicity experiments, compound 45e demonstrated an acceptable safety profile. With the above merits, 45e is worthy of further functional investigation as a novel anti-stroke therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinlong Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Hefei Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Mengqi Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Hefei Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Zhaoxing Chu
- Hefei Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., Hefei, 230088, China; China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qihua Zhu
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yanchun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Panhu Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Yuanzheng Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Guangwei He
- Hefei Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., Hefei, 230088, China
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Que R, Zheng J, Chang Z, Zhang W, Li H, Xie Z, Huang Z, Wang HT, Xu J, Jin D, Yang W, Tan EK, Wang Q. Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Rescues Dopaminergic Neurons in Parkinson's Disease Models by Inhibiting the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Ameliorating Mitochondrial Impairment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:794770. [PMID: 34925379 PMCID: PMC8671881 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.794770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation and mitochondrial impairment play important roles in the neuropathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) are strictly correlated to neuroinflammation. Therefore, the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and α-Syn aggregation might have therapeutic potential. It has been indicated that Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) produces neuroprotection against some neurological diseases such as ischemic stroke. We here intended to explore whether NBP suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and reduced α-Syn aggregation, thus protecting dopaminergic neurons against neuroinflammation. Methods In our study, we established a MPTP-induced mouse model and 6-OHDA-induced SH-SY5Y cell model to examine the neuroprotective actions of NBP. We then performed behavioral tests to examine motor dysfunction in MPTP-exposed mice after NBP treatment. Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and RT-qPCR were conducted to investigate the expression of NLRP3 inflammasomes, neuroinflammatory cytokines, PARP1, p-α-Syn, and markers of microgliosis and astrogliosis. Results The results showed that NBP exerts a neuroprotective effect on experimental PD models. In vivo, NBP ameliorated behavioral impairments and reduced dopaminergic neuron loss in MPTP-induced mice. In vitro, treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with 6-OHDA (100uM,24 h) significantly decreased cell viability, increased intracellular ROS production, and induced apoptosis, while pretreatment with 5uM NBP could alleviated 6-OHDA-induced cytotoxicity, ROS production and cell apoptosis to some extent. Importantly, both in vivo and in vitro, NBP suppressed the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the aggregation of α-Syn, thus inhibited neuroinflammation ameliorated mitochondrial impairments. Conclusions In summary, NBP rescued dopaminergic neurons by reducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and ameliorating mitochondrial impairments and increases in p-α-Syn levels. This current study may provide novel neuroprotective mechanisms of NBP as a potential therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfang Que
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialing Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hualing Li
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenchao Xie
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zifeng Huang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dana Jin
- College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Wanlin Yang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Neurology, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Xiong Y, Liu J, Xu Y, Xie S, Zhou X, Cheng S. Butylphthalide Combined With Conventional Treatment Attenuates MMP-9 Levels and Increases VEGF Levels in Patients With Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study. Front Neurol 2021; 12:686199. [PMID: 34987460 PMCID: PMC8720749 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.686199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Butylphtalide increases the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and decreases matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in animal models of stroke and might be of use in the management of stroke. To explore whether butylphthalide combined with conventional treatment can change the levels of MMP-9 and VEGF and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores of patients with stroke. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study involving inpatients admitted to the Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (January–June 2019) due to acute cerebral infarction. The patients received conventional treatments with or without butylphthalide. The changes in the NIHSS scores were compared between groups. Plasma MMP-9 and VEGF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: A total of 24 patients were included in the conventional treatment group and 46 in the butylphthalide group. The butylphthalide group showed lower MMP-9 (130 ± 59 vs. 188 ± 65, p = 0.001) and higher VEGF (441 ± 121 vs. 378 ± 70, p = 0.034) levels on day 6 compared with the conventional treatment group. The changes in MMP-9 and VEGF were significant, starting on day 3 in the butylphthalide group but on day 6 in the conventional treatment group. There were no differences between the two groups in the NIHSS scores at admission and at discharge (p > 0.05). The overall response rate was higher in the butylphthalide group compared with the conventional treatment group (63.0 vs. 37.5%, p = 0.042). Conclusion: Butylphthalide combined with conventional treatment can decrease MMP-9 levels and increase VEGF levels. The patients showed the reduced NIHSS scores, possibly suggesting some improvement in prognosis after stroke. Still, the conclusions need to be confirmed in a larger sample and in different etiological subtypes of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqiong Xiong
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi People's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Shu Xie
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi People's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi People's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Shaomin Cheng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Shaomin Cheng
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26
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Niu X, Li M, Gao Y, Xu G, Dong X, Chu B, Lv P. DL-3-n-butylphthalide suppressed autophagy and promoted angiogenesis in rats with vascular dementia by activating the Shh/Ptch1 signaling pathway. Neurosci Lett 2021; 765:136266. [PMID: 34571087 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) has neuroprotective effect on chronic cerebral hypoperfusion animals. Here, we explored the role and underlying mechanism of NBP on autophagy and angiogenesis in rats with vascular dementia (VD). Adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to permanent bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries (2VO) to establish VD model. These rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham, model, NBP120 (120 mg/kg), Shh siRNA (50 nM), and NBP120 + Shh siRNA groups. Our results showed that NBP treatment attenuated memory damage in rats with VD, as demonstrated by Morris water maze tests. Immunofluorescence (IF) assay revealed that NBP induced neuronal process length and neuronal activity in hippocampus, which were reversed by Shh silencing. Furthermore, NBP treatment also reduced the expression of autophagy marker proteins B-cell lymphoma-2 interacting protein 1 (Beclin 1) and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), which were further enhanced by Shh silencing. Meanwhile, NBP promoted the angiogenesis, which was accompanied by upregulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1, and Angiopoietin (Ang) expression in the hippocampus. And Shh siRNA co-treatment blocked the angiogenesis induced by NBP. Altogether, our results established that NBP treatment suppressed autophagy and improved angiogenesis and neurobehavioral recovery in VD rats partly by activating the Shh/Ptch1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Niu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Meixi Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yaran Gao
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China; Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guodong Xu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bao Chu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Peiyuan Lv
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China.
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27
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Wei ZZ, Chen D, Lee MJH, Zhao Y, Gu X, Yu SP, Wei L. DL-3-n-butylphthalide Increases Collateriogenesis and Functional Recovery after Focal Ischemic Stroke in Mice. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1835-1849. [PMID: 34631224 PMCID: PMC8460296 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.1226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that collateral circulation is critical for the outcome of ischemic stroke. DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), a synthesized compound based on an extract from seeds of celery Apium graveolens Linn, has been used as a therapeutic drug, showing multiple neuroprotective and regenerative activities. A potential effect of NBP on collateral arterial regulation is unknown. We examined the effects of NBP on arteriogenesis of collateral arteries in vitro and a mouse ischemic stroke model. In cultures of mouse iPS cell-derived vascular progenitors, NBP (10 μM) significantly increased α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)/CD-31 co-labeled cells and the expression of newly formed vasculature marker PDGFRα. A sensorimotor cortex ischemia was induced in transgenic mice expressing αSMA-GFP that allowed direct observation of arterial vasculatures in brain regions. NBP (80 mg/kg) was intranasally delivered 1 hr after stroke and once daily for 14 days. To label proliferating cells, 5-Bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU, 50 mg/kg, i.p.) was administrated every day from 3 days after stroke. Western blotting of peri-infarct tissue detected increased expressions of VEGF, Ang-1 and reduced nNOS level in NBP-treated mice. The NBP treatment significantly increased αSMA/BrdU co-labeled cells, the diameter of ipsilateral collaterals, and arterial area in ischemic and peri-infarct regions examined 14 days after stroke. Examined 3 days after stroke, NBP prevented functional deficits in the cylinder test and corner test. The NBP treatment of 14 days improved the local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) and functional performance in multiple tests. Thus, NBP promotes collateriogenesis, short and long-term structural and functional improvements after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zachory Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dongdong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew Joong H Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yingying Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiaohuan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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28
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Tan Z, Zhao Y, Yang W, He S, Ding Y, Xu A. Efficacy and Safety of Adherence to dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Treatment in Patients With Non-disabling Minor Stroke and TIA-Analysis From a Nationwide, Multicenter Registry. Front Neurol 2021; 12:720664. [PMID: 34630292 PMCID: PMC8492907 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.720664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP) has the potential to improve clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients by improving collateral circulation. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NBP in patients with non-disabling minor ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods: The BRIDGE (the observation study on clinical effectiveness of NBP on patients with non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular disease) is a prospective registry to monitor the efficacy and safety of NBP therapy in acute non-disabling ischemic stroke or high-risk TIA. Non-disabling minor ischemic stroke patients within 48 h were enrolled across 51 stroke centers in China. We divided patients into NBP compliance or non-compliance groups according to their adherence to NBP. The primary outcome was the favorable functional outcome at 90 days, defined as a modified Rankin scale (mRS) <2. Results: Between 10th October 2016 and 25th June 2019, 3,118 patients were included in this analysis. In multivariable analysis, after adjusting for common risk factors and demographic factors, NBP-compliance group has a higher proportion of favorable functional outcome (92.1 vs. 87.4%, adjusted odds ratio 2.00, 95% confidence interval, 1.50–2.65), and a higher stroke recurrence rate (2.40 vs. 0.31%, adjusted odds ratio 8.86, 95% confidence interval, 3.37–23.30) than the NBP-non-compliance group. There was no significant difference in death and intracranial hemorrhage rate between the two groups. In subgroup analysis, patients with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores from 3 to 5 who complied to NBP therapy had a higher rate of favorable functional outcomes than the NBP-non-compliance group. [88.82 vs. 76.21%, adjusted odds ratio 2.52 (1.81–3.50), adjusted interaction P = 0.00]. Conclusion: In non-disabling minor ischemic stroke or TIA patients, compliance with NBP therapy led to better 90-day functional outcomes despite a higher risk of recurrence, and this effect seems to be stronger in patients with NIHSS scores of 3–5. Further large randomized, double-blind controlled studies to analyse the association between NBP and functional outcome is warranted in the coming future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Tan
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Shun De Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanyong Yang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenwen He
- Department of Neurology, Shun De Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anding Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Mai R, Cao Y, Yu H, Zheng Y, Huang J. Protective Effect of Butylphthalide on Neuronal Apoptosis in Parkinson Rats and Its Effect on miR-146a-5p Expression and Phosphatidylinositide 3-Kinases/Protein Kinase B Pathway. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
80 male Wistar rats were stochastically assigned to Sham + Vehicle group, Sham + BUT group, PD + Vehicle group and PD + BUT group. Rotenone PD model rats were prepared by subcutaneous injection of rotenone sunflower oil emulsion 2 mg/(kg · d) for 5 consecutive weeks. Butylphthalide
80 mg/(kg · d) were given to the rats in Sham + BUT group and PD + BUT group by gavage from the first day of rotenone injection for 5 weeks. Subsequently, the motor retardation ability and the morphological changes of the substantia nigra (SN) of each group were evaluated. Meanwhile,
the levels of neuronal injury, apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in each group of rats were assayed. The impact of BUT treatment on miR-146a-5p expression and PI3K/AKT signal pathway in rat brain tissue was assayed. Finally, by constructing a PD cell model of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine
(6-OHDA)-treated human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, the in vitro anti-PD pharmacological effect of BUT was further verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongkang Mai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Baoan District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, 518101, China
| | - Yiyao Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Baoan District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, 518101, China
| | - Huitian Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Baoan District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, 518101, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Baoan District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, 518101, China
| | - Juke Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Baoan District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, 518101, China
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30
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Wang J, Li Y, Yu H, Li G, Bai S, Chen S, Zhang P, Tang Z. Dl-3-N-Butylphthalide Promotes Angiogenesis in an Optimized Model of Transient Ischemic Attack in C57BL/6 Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:751397. [PMID: 34658892 PMCID: PMC8513739 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.751397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient ischemic attack (TIA) has been widely regarded as a clinical entity. Even though magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results of TIA patients are negative, potential neurovascular damage might be present, and may account for long-term cognitive impairment. Animal models that simulate human diseases are essential tools for in-depth study of TIA. Previous studies have clarified that Dl-3-N-butylphthalide (NBP) promotes angiogenesis after stroke. However, the effects of NBP on TIA remain unknown. This study aims to develop an optimized TIA model in C57BL/6 mice to explore the microscopic evidence of ischemic injury after TIA, and investigate the therapeutic effects of NBP on TIA. C57BL/6 mice underwent varying durations (7, 8, 9 or 10 min) of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion were assessed by laser speckle contrast imaging. TIA and ischemic stroke were distinguished by neurological testing and MRI examination at 24 h post-operation. Neuronal apoptosis was examined by TUNEL staining. Images of submicron cerebrovascular networks were obtained via micro-optical sectioning tomography. Subsequently, the mice were randomly assigned to a sham-operated group, a vehicle-treated TIA group or an NBP-treated TIA group. Vascular density was determined by immunofluorescent staining and fluorescein isothiocyanate method, and the expression of angiogenic growth factors were detected by western blot analysis. We found that an 8-min or shorter period of ischemia induced neither permanent neurological deficits nor MRI detectable brain lesions in C57BL/6 mice, but histologically caused neuronal apoptosis and cerebral vasculature abnormalities. NBP treatment increased the number of CD31+ microvessels and perfused microvessels after TIA. NBP also up-regulated the expression of VEGF, Ang-1 and Ang-2 and improved the cerebrovascular network. In conclusion, 8 min or shorter cerebral ischemia induced by the suture MCAO method is an appropriate TIA model in C57BL/6 mice, which conforms to the definition of human TIA, but causes microscopic neurovascular impairment. NBP treatment increased the expression of angiogenic growth factors, promoted angiogenesis and improved cerebral microvessels after TIA. Our study provides new insights on the pathogenesis and potential treatments of TIA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhouping Tang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Feng Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhang BH, Zhao H, Zhao X, Shi FD, Jin WN, Zhang XA. miR-1224 contributes to ischemic stroke-mediated natural killer cell dysfunction by targeting Sp1 signaling. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:133. [PMID: 34118948 PMCID: PMC8196447 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain ischemia compromises natural killer (NK) cell-mediated immune defenses by acting on neurogenic and intracellular pathways. Less is known about the posttranscriptional mechanisms that regulate NK cell activation and cytotoxicity after ischemic stroke. METHODS Using a NanoString nCounter® miRNA array panel, we explored the microRNA (miRNA) profile of splenic NK cells in mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion. Differential gene expression and function/pathway analysis were applied to investigate the main functions of predicted miRNA target genes. miR-1224 inhibitor/mimics transfection and passive transfer of NK cells were performed to confirm the impact of miR-1224 in NK cells after brain ischemia. RESULTS We observed striking dysregulation of several miRNAs in response to ischemia. Among those miRNAs, miR-1224 markedly increased 3 days after ischemic stroke. Transfection of miR-1224 mimics into NK cells resulted in suppression of NK cell activity, while an miR-1224 inhibitor enhanced NK cell activity and cytotoxicity, especially in the periphery. Passive transfer of NK cells treated with an miR-1224 inhibitor prevented the accumulation of a bacterial burden in the lungs after ischemic stroke, suggesting an enhanced immune defense of NK cells. The transcription factor Sp1, which controls cytokine/chemokine release by NK cells at the transcriptional level, is a predicted target of miR-1224. The inhibitory effect of miR-1224 on NK cell activity was blocked in Sp1 knockout mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that miR-1224 may serve as a negative regulator of NK cell activation in an Sp1-dependent manner; this mechanism may be a novel target to prevent poststroke infection specifically in the periphery and preserve immune defense in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo-Hao Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Kangfu front ST, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Kangfu front ST, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fu-Dong Shi
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Na Jin
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiao-An Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Kangfu front ST, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China.
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Zhu T, Xie WJ, Wang L, Jin XB, Meng XB, Sun GB, Sun XB. Notoginsenoside R1 activates the NAMPT-NAD +-SIRT1 cascade to promote postischemic angiogenesis by modulating Notch signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111693. [PMID: 34029951 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) maintains mitochondrial function and protects against cerebral ischemic injury by improving energy metabolism. Notoginsenoside R1 (R1), a unique constituent of Panax notoginseng, has been shown to promote the proliferation and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Whether R1 has proangiogenesis on the activation of NAMPT in ischemic stroke remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacodynamic effect and mechanism of R1 on angiogenesis after ischemic stroke. We used male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). R1 was administered via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection immediately after ischemia induction. The promotion of R1 on angiogenesis were detected by immunofluorescence staining, 3D stereoscopic imaging and transmission electron microscopy detection. HBMEC cells were pretreated with different concentrations of R1 for 12 h before oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) exposure. Afterward, scratch assay, EdU staining and tube formation were determined. Western blot analyses of proteins, including those involved in angiogenesis, NAMPT-SIRT1 cascade, VEGFR-2, and Notch signaling, were conducted. We showed that R1 significantly restored cerebral blood flow, improved mitochondrial energy metabolism and promoted angiogenesis. More importantly, incubation with 12.5-50 μM R1 significantly increased the migration, proliferation and tube formation of HBMECs in vitro. The promotion of R1 on angiogenesis were associated with the NAMPT-NAD+-SIRT1 cascade and Notch/VEGFR-2 signaling pathway, which was partially eliminated by inhibitors of NAMPT and SIRT1. We demonstrated that R1 promotes post-stroke angiogenesis via activating NAMPT-NAD+-SIRT1 cascade. The modulation of Notch signaling and VEGFR-2 contribute to the post-stroke angiogenesis. These findings offer insight for exploring new therapeutic strategies for neurorestoration via R1 treatment after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical Colleg, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100193, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wei-Jie Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical Colleg, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100193, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical Colleg, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100193, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China; China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu 211198, China; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, China.
| | - Xin-Biao Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical Colleg, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100193, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiang-Bao Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical Colleg, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100193, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Gui-Bo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical Colleg, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100193, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiao-Bo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical Colleg, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100193, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China.
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Dl-3-n-butylphthalide pretreatment attenuates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 557:166-173. [PMID: 33865225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) has become a growing concern in clinical practice with high morbidity and mortality rates. There is currently no effective prophylactic regimen available to prevent its occurrence and to improve its clinical prognosis. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) has been used for stroke treatment in China for years. Little is known about its role in preventing kidney injury. METHODS The kidneys of male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to 33 min of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion. NBP was administered by gavage prior to surgery. The reno-protective effect of NBP was evaluated by serum creatinine, kidney injury markers and renal pathological changes. Furthermore, the inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis markers in kidney tissue were examined. In vitro, HK2 cells were treated prophylactically with NBP and then exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Cell viability and apoptosis related protein were quantified to verify the protective effect of NBP. Pro-inflammation genes expression as well as ROS generation were further investigated also. RESULTS NBP pretreatment significantly improved renal dysfunction and alleviated pathological injury, renal inflammation response, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. Consistently, NBP attenuated H/R induced increases in ROS, pro-inflammatory genes expression, apoptosis and cleaved caspase-3 levels in HK2 cells. CONCLUSION Our promising results validated for the first time that NBP could ameliorate renal IRI via attenuating inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, which indicated that NBP might be a good candidate against AKI.
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Sun Y, Zhao Z, Li Q, Wang C, Ge X, Wang X, Wang G, Qin Y. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide regulates cholinergic dysfunction in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rats. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520936177. [PMID: 32644834 PMCID: PMC7350057 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520936177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate whether dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) affects cholinergic system function and ameliorates cognitive decline in a rat model of vascular dementia (VaD). Methods The VaD rat model was established by bilateral common carotid artery ligation (two-vessel occlusion, 2VO). Rats were divided into five groups: control, sham, 2VO, 2VO+NBP (80 mg/kg; intragastric), and 2VO+donepezil (1 mg/kg; intragastric). Treatments were administered once daily for 2 weeks from day 21 post-surgery. Spatial learning and memory were evaluated by Morris water maze performance. Hippocampal choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expressions were detected using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and real-time polymerase chain reaction methods. Results The daily escape latency was significantly longer in 2VO rats than in the sham or control groups, while the time spent in the target quadrant was significantly shorter. The daily escape latency of the 2VO+NBP group was significantly shorter compared with the 2VO group. Following NBP treatment, ChAT, AChE, VAChT, and BDNF expressions were significantly upregulated in the hippocampus. Conclusions Central cholinergic dysfunction may be involved in VaD pathogenesis. NBP treatment significantly improved spatial learning and memory in VaD rats, and may enhance cholinergic system function via BDNF-mediated neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zilong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyang Wang
- Scientific Research Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Library of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Diagnostics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Classical Active Ingredients and Extracts of Chinese Herbal Medicines: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Molecular Mechanisms for Ischemic Stroke. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8868941. [PMID: 33791075 PMCID: PMC7984881 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8868941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and approximately 87% of cases are attributed to ischemia. The main factors that cause ischemic stroke include excitotoxicity, energy metabolism disorder, Ca+ overload, oxidative damage, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation. However, no effective drug is currently available for the comprehensive treatment of ischemic stroke in clinical applications; thus, there is an urgent need to find and develop comprehensive and effective drugs to treat postischemic stroke. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in treating ischemic stroke, with overall regulatory effects at multiple levels and on multiple targets. Many researchers have studied the effective components of TCMs and have achieved undeniable results. This paper reviews studies on the anticerebral ischemia effects of TCM monomers such as tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), tanshinone IIA (TSA), gastrodin (Gas), and baicalin (BA) as well as effective extracts such as Ginkgo biloba extract (EGB). Research on the anticerebral ischemia effects of TCMs has focused mostly on their antioxidative stress, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, proangiogenic, and proneurogenic effects. However, the research on the use of TCM to treat ischemic stroke remains incompletely characterized. Thus, we summarized and considered this topic from the perspective of pharmacokinetics, pharmacological effects, and mechanistic research, and we have provided a reference basis for future research and development on anticerebral ischemia TCM drugs.
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Jia J, Jin H, Nan D, Yu W, Huang Y. New insights into targeting mitochondria in ischemic injury. Apoptosis 2021; 26:163-183. [PMID: 33751318 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability and death worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been recognized as a marker of neuronal death during ischemic stroke. Maintaining the function of mitochondria is important for improving the survival of neurons and maintaining neuronal function. Damaged mitochondria induce neuronal cell apoptosis by releasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-apoptotic factors. Mitochondrial fission and fusion processes and mitophagy are of great importance to mitochondrial quality control. This paper reviews the dynamic changes in mitochondria, the roles of mitochondria in different cell types, and related signaling pathways in ischemic stroke. This review describes in detail the role of mitochondria in the process of neuronal injury and protection in cerebral ischemia, and integrates neuroprotective drugs targeting mitochondria in recent years, which may provide a theoretical basis for the progress of treatment of ischemic stroke. The potential of mitochondrial-targeted therapy is also emphasized, which provides valuable insights for clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Jia
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Haiqiang Jin
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Ding Nan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
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Feng Y, Guo M, Zhao H, Han S, Hao Y, Yuan Y, Shen W, Sun J, Dong Q, Cui M. Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Alleviates Demyelination and Improves Cognitive Function by Promoting Mitochondrial Dynamics in White Matter Lesions. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:632374. [PMID: 33762923 PMCID: PMC7982723 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.632374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
White matter lesions (WMLs) are a type of cerebrovascular disorder accompanied by demyelination and cognitive decline. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (D1-NBP) is a neuroprotective drug used for the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, although the function of DI-NBP on WML is still not clear. This study aims to investigate whether DI-NBP affects cognitive function and ameliorates demyelination in a model of WML. The bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) mouse model and in vitro brain slice cultures with low glucose and low oxygen (LGLO) treatment were adopted. The Dl-NBP was administered intragastrically for 28 days after BCAS or added at a dose of 50 μm for 48 h after LGLO. Spatial learning and memory were evaluated by an eight-arm radial maze. Demyelination was detected using a TEM. Mitochondrial dynamics were assessed by time-lapse imaging in the cultured brain slices. The function of the synapse was evaluated by the patch clamp technique. In BCAS mice, obvious demyelination and cognitive decline were observed, while both were significantly relieved by a high-dose D1-NBP treatment (100 mg/kg). Along with demyelination, mitochondrial accumulation in the axons was significantly increased in the BCAS mice model, but with the treatment of a high-dose D1-NBP, mitochondrial accumulation was mitigated, and the anterograde/retrograde transport of mitochondria was increased. Following the improved anterograde/retrograde transport of mitochondria, the synapse activity was significantly upregulated while the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was remarkably decreased in the cultured brain slices. In addition, we identified syntaphilin (SNPH) as the downstream target of D1-NBP. The overexpression of SNPH mediated the effects of D1-NBP in mitigating axonal mitochondrial accumulation. In conclusion, the D1-NBP treatment significantly relieved demyelination and improved spatial learning and memory in the WML model by promoting mitochondrial dynamics. These neuroprotective effects of D1-NBP were mediated by inhibiting the mitochondrial arching protein, SNPH, which provided a potential therapeutic target for WML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Feng
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Guo
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongchen Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sida Han
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yining Hao
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Shen
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Cui
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Kuang H, Zhou ZF, Zhu YG, Wan ZK, Yang MW, Hong FF, Yang SL. Pharmacological Treatment of Vascular Dementia: A Molecular Mechanism Perspective. Aging Dis 2021; 12:308-326. [PMID: 33532143 PMCID: PMC7801279 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is a neurodegenerative disease, with cognitive dysfunction attributable to cerebrovascular factors. At present, it is the second most frequently occurring type of dementia in older adults (after Alzheimer's disease). The underlying etiology of VaD has not been completely elucidated, which limits its management. Currently, there are no approved standard treatments for VaD. The drugs used in VaD are only suitable for symptomatic treatment and cannot prevent or reduce the occurrence and progression of VaD. This review summarizes the current status of pharmacological treatment for VaD, from the perspective of the molecular mechanisms specified in various pathogenic hypotheses, including oxidative stress, the central cholinergic system, neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and synaptic plasticity. As VaD is a chronic cerebrovascular disease with multifactorial etiology, combined therapy, targeting multiple pathophysiological factors, may be the future trend in VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Kuang
- 1Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Zhou
- 1Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu-Ge Zhu
- 1Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhi-Kai Wan
- 1Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mei-Wen Yang
- 2Department of Nurse, Nanchang University Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fen-Fang Hong
- 3Department of Experimental Teaching Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shu-Long Yang
- 1Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,3Department of Experimental Teaching Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Mamtilahun M, Wei Z, Qin C, Wang Y, Tang Y, Shen FX, Tian HL, Zhang Z, Yang GY. DL-3n-Butylphthalide Improves Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in Rat After Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 14:610714. [PMID: 33510620 PMCID: PMC7835508 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.610714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: DL-3n-butylphthalide (NBP) has beneficial effects in different stages of ischemic stroke. Our previous studies have demonstrated that NBP promoted angiogenesis in the perifocal region of the ischemic brain. However, the molecular mechanism of NBP for blood–brain barrier protection in acute ischemic stroke was unclear. Here, we explored the neuroprotective effects of NBP on blood–brain barrier integrity in the acute phase of ischemic stroke in a rat model. Methods: Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 82) underwent 2 h of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and received 90 mg/kg of NBP for 3 days. Brain edema, infarct volume, surface blood flow, and neurological severity score were evaluated. Blood–brain barrier integrity was evaluated by Evans blue leakage and changes in tight junction proteins. We further examined AQP4 and eNOS expression, MMP-9 enzyme activity, and possible signaling pathways for the role of NBP after ischemic stroke. Results: NBP treatment significantly increased eNOS expression and surface blood flow in the brain, reduced brain edema and infarct volume, and improved neurological severity score compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, NBP attenuated Evans blue and IgG leakage and increased tight junction protein expression compared to the control after 1 and 3 days of ischemic stroke (p < 0.05). Finally, NBP decreased AQP4 expression, MMP-9 enzyme activity, and increased MAPK expression during acute ischemic stroke. Conclusion: NBP protected blood–brain barrier integrity and attenuated brain injury in the acute phase of ischemic stroke by decreasing AQP4 expression and MMP-9 enzyme activity. The MAPK signaling pathway may be associated in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyassar Mamtilahun
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyu Wei
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Affiliated Shidong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongting Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaohui Tang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan-Xia Shen
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng-Li Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Liu X, Liu R, Fu D, Wu H, Zhao X, Sun Y, Wang M, Pu X. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide inhibits neuroinflammation by stimulating foxp3 and Ki-67 in an ischemic stroke model. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:3763-3778. [PMID: 33461169 PMCID: PMC7906154 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) has been widely used to treat ischemic stroke in China. To investigate the mechanisms underlying NBP activity, we established a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) rat model and injected the rats with 4 mg/kg/d NBP for nine days. We then assessed neuroinflammation, neovascularization and nerve regeneration within the brain. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-TOF MSI) was used to determine the phospholipid distribution, while laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry imaging (LA-ICP MSI) was used to measure Foxp3, Ki-67 and pCREB levels in the brain. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the expression of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and its inflammatory products, caspase-1 and interleukin-1β, in brain tissues. NBP attenuated ischemic damage and ameliorated neurological deficits in rats with pMCAO. In the ischemic brain region, NBP reduced phosphatidylethanolamine (18:0), NLRP3, caspase-1 and interleukin-1β levels, but increased levels of Foxp3, Ki-67, pCREB and several phospholipids. In molecular docking analyses, NBP bound to NLRP3, interleukin-1β, caspase-1, Foxp3, and Ki-67. These results demonstrate that NBP reduces neuroinflammation in brain tissues and promotes nerve and blood vessel regeneration, thus protecting neuromorphology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Runzhe Liu
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Dongxu Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yi Sun
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Pu
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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Ma Q, Feng L, Wang T, Li Y, Li Z, Zhao B, Qin X, Li Q, Wu S, Sun H, Yuan J, Chu L, Wu J, Gu Y, Pang P, Chen Z, Fan D. 2020 expert consensus statement on neuro-protection after cardiac arrest in China. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:175. [PMID: 33569477 PMCID: PMC7867902 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingbian Ma
- Emergency Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Feng
- Neurology Department, Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Neurosurgery Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiu Li
- Neurology Department, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhenzhong Li
- Neurology Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Emergency Department, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuchuan Qin
- Emergency Department, Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingxi Li
- Neurosurgery Department, Dandong Central Hospital, Dandong, China
| | - Shizheng Wu
- Neurology Department, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Hongbin Sun
- Neurology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Neurology Department, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Lan Chu
- Neurology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Neurology Department, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxiang Gu
- Neurosurgery Department, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Pang
- Accident and Emergency Department, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Beijing Emergency Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Neurology Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Wang J, Wang B, Jiang L, Zhou K, Yang GY, Jin K. The Effect of IDO on Neural Progenitor Cell Survival Under Oxygen Glucose Deprivation. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:581861. [PMID: 33192328 PMCID: PMC7662097 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.581861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity plays an important role in many neurological disorders in the central nervous system, which may be associated with immunomodulation or anti-inflammatory activity. However, the action of IDO in the ischemic condition is still poorly understood. The purpose of the present study is to explore the expression and action of IDO in stem cell culture under oxygen and glucose deprivation. Methods: Neural progenitor cells were obtained from the human embryonic stem cell line BG01. These cells underwent oxygen and glucose deprivation. We examined the IDO expression at 3 and 8 h of oxygen and glucose deprivation and then examined neuronal progenitor cell viability in the normal and oxygen and glucose deprivation condition using the [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. In addition, we studied the effect of IDO inhibition and the expression of TNF-α, IGF-1, VEGF, IL-6, FGFβ, TGFβ, EGF, and Leptin to explore the mechanism of IDO under the oxygen and glucose deprivation. Results: IDO expression in neural progenitor cells increased under oxygen and glucose deprivation, which is closely associated with cell death (p < 0.05). Inhibiting IDO did not affect cell survival in normal neural progenitor cells. However, inhibiting IDO could attenuate cell viability under oxygen and glucose deprivation (p < 0.05). Further study demonstrated that IDO expression was closely associated to the growth factor’s leptin expression. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that an increase of IDO under oxygen and glucose deprivation was associated with cell death, suggesting that inhibiting IDO could be a target for neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixian Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Brian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Kaijing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunlin Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX, United States
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Paul S, Candelario-Jalil E. Emerging neuroprotective strategies for the treatment of ischemic stroke: An overview of clinical and preclinical studies. Exp Neurol 2020; 335:113518. [PMID: 33144066 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of disability and thesecond leading cause of death worldwide. With the global population aged 65 and over growing faster than all other age groups, the incidence of stroke is also increasing. In addition, there is a shift in the overall stroke burden towards younger age groups, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Stroke in most cases is caused due to an abrupt blockage of an artery (ischemic stroke), but in some instances stroke may be caused due to bleeding into brain tissue when a blood vessel ruptures (hemorrhagic stroke). Although treatment options for stroke are still limited, with the advancement in recanalization therapy using both pharmacological and mechanical thrombolysis some progress has been made in helping patients recover from ischemic stroke. However, there is still a substantial need for the development of therapeutic agents for neuroprotection in acute ischemic stroke to protect the brain from damage prior to and during recanalization, extend the therapeutic time window for intervention and further improve functional outcome. The current review has assessed the past challenges in developing neuroprotective strategies, evaluated the recent advances in clinical trials, discussed the recent initiative by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in USA for the search of novel neuroprotectants (Stroke Preclinical Assessment Network, SPAN) and identified emerging neuroprotectants being currently evaluated in preclinical studies. The underlying molecular mechanism of each of the neuroprotective strategies have also been summarized, which could assist in the development of future strategies for combinational therapy in stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surojit Paul
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Eduardo Candelario-Jalil
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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44
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Marco-Contelles J, Zhang Y. From Seeds of Apium graveolens Linn. to a Cerebral Ischemia Medicine: The Long Journey of 3- n-Butylphthalide. J Med Chem 2020; 63:12485-12510. [PMID: 32672958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP) as well as its derivatives and analogues (NBPs), in racemic or enantiomerically pure forms, possess potent and diverse pharmacological properties and have shown a great potential therapeutic interest for many human conditions, especially for cerebral ischemia. This Perspective outlines the synthesis and therapeutic applications of NBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006-Madrid, Spain
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.,Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
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45
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Li X, Cheng X, Wang X, Liu Q, Ma H, Li M. Dyslipidemic Diet Induces Mobilization of Peripheral Neutrophils and Monocytes That Exacerbate Hemorrhagic Brain Injury and Neuroinflammation. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:154. [PMID: 32655370 PMCID: PMC7325918 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver condition characterized by a significant accumulation of lipids in the liver without excessive alcohol consumption. Accumulating evidence suggests a significantly increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in NAFLD patients. However, it remains poorly understood whether and how NAFLD affects the outcome of hemorrhagic brain injury. Here, we examined the effects of diet-induce NAFLD on ICH injury and neuroinflammation in mice. Methods: NAFLD was induced in C57BL/6 mice by feeding with a methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks. Collagenase and autologous blood models were used to evaluate the effects of NAFLD on ICH injury and neuroinflammation. Results: MCD diet for 4 weeks induces NAFLD and hyperlipidemia in mice. Mice receiving the MCD diet have aggravated neurological deficits and brain edema after ICH. The augmentation of ICH injury was accompanied by brain infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes and increased production of pro-inflammatory factors. Before ICH, MCD diet-induced mobilization of neutrophils and monocytes in the periphery. Notably, the detrimental effects of NAFLD on ICH injury was ablated in mice receiving antibody depletion of neutrophils and monocytes. Conclusions: These results suggest that NAFLD exacerbates neuroinflammation and ICH injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Post-neurotrauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojing Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Post-neurotrauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- Center for Neurological Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Datong, Shanxi, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Post-neurotrauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongshan Ma
- Center for Neurological Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Datong, Shanxi, China
| | - Minshu Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Post-neurotrauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
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46
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Chen H, He Y, Chen S, Qi S, Shen J. Therapeutic targets of oxidative/nitrosative stress and neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke: Applications for natural product efficacy with omics and systemic biology. Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104877. [PMID: 32407958 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative/nitrosative stress and neuroinflammation are critical pathological processes in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and their intimate interactions mediate neuronal damage, blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) during ischemic stroke. We review current progress towards understanding the interactions of oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammatory responses in ischemic brain injury. The interactions between reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and innate immune receptors such as TLR2/4, NOD-like receptor, RAGE, and scavenger receptors are crucial pathological mechanisms that amplify brain damage during cerebral ischemic injury. Furthermore, we review the current progress of omics and systematic biology approaches for studying complex network regulations related to oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation in the pathology of ischemic stroke. Targeting oxidative/nitrosative stress and neuroinflammation could be a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke treatment. We then review recent advances in discovering compounds from medicinal herbs with the bioactivities of simultaneously regulating oxidative/nitrosative stress and pro-inflammatory molecules for minimizing ischemic brain injury. These compounds include sesamin, baicalin, salvianolic acid A, 6-paradol, silymarin, apocynin, 3H-1,2-Dithiole-3-thione, (-)-epicatechin, rutin, Dl-3-N-butylphthalide, and naringin. We finally summarize recent developments of the omics and systematic biology approaches for exploring the molecular mechanisms and active compounds of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulae with the properties of antioxidant and anti-inflammation for neuroprotection. The comprehensive omics and systematic biology approaches provide powerful tools for exploring therapeutic principles of TCM formulae and developing precision medicine for stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansen Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), China
| | - Yacong He
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Shuang Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Suhua Qi
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), China; School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
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Chen J, Li X, Xu S, Zhang M, Wu Z, Zhang X, Xu Y, Chen Y. Delayed PARP-1 Inhibition Alleviates Post-stroke Inflammation in Male Versus Female Mice: Differences and Similarities. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:77. [PMID: 32317937 PMCID: PMC7146057 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke inflammation is almost involved in the whole process of stroke pathogenesis, which serves as a prime target for developing new stroke therapies. Despite known sex differences in the incidence and outcome of stroke, few preclinical or clinical studies take into account sex bias in treatment. Recent evidence suggests that poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 inhibitor exerts sex-specific neuroprotection in the ischemic stroke. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of delayed PARP-1 inhibition on post-stroke inflammation and possible sexual dimorphism, and explore the possible relevant mediators. In male and female C57BL/6 mice subjected to transit middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), we found that delayed treatment of PARP-1 inhibitor at 48 h following reperfusion could comparably alleviate neuro-inflammation at 72 h after stroke. Whereas, more remarkable reduction of iNOS and MMP9 induced by PARP-1 inhibition were found in male MCAO mice, and the improvement of behavioral outcomes was more prominent in male MCAO mice. In addition, we further identified that PARP-1 inhibitor might equivalently suppress microglial activation in males and females in vivo and in vitro. With proteomic analysis and western blotting assay, it was found that stroke-induced peroxiredoxin-1 (Prx1) expression was significantly affected by PARP-1 inhibition. Interestingly, injection of recombinant Prx1 into the ischemic core could block the anti-inflammatory effects of PARP-1 inhibitor in the experimental stroke. These findings suggest that PARP-1 inhibitor has effects on regulating microglial activation and post-stroke inflammation in males and females, and holds promise as a novel therapeutic agent for stroke with extended therapeutic time window. Efforts need to be made to delineate the actions of PARP-1 inhibition in stroke, and here we propose that Prx1 might be a critical mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyi Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijuan Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengzheng Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanting Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
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48
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Fang Y, Gao S, Wang X, Cao Y, Lu J, Chen S, Lenahan C, Zhang JH, Shao A, Zhang J. Programmed Cell Deaths and Potential Crosstalk With Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction After Hemorrhagic Stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:68. [PMID: 32317935 PMCID: PMC7146617 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic stroke is a life-threatening neurological disease characterized by high mortality and morbidity. Various pathophysiological responses are initiated after blood enters the interstitial space of the brain, compressing the brain tissue and thus causing cell death. Recently, three new programmed cell deaths (PCDs), necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, were also found to be important contributors in the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic stroke. Additionally, blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic stroke. The primary insult following BBB dysfunction may disrupt the tight junctions (TJs), transporters, transcytosis, and leukocyte adhesion molecule expression, which may lead to brain edema, ionic homeostasis disruption, altered signaling, and immune infiltration, consequently causing neuronal cell death. This review article summarizes recent advances in our knowledge of the mechanisms regarding these new PCDs and reviews their contributions in hemorrhagic stroke and potential crosstalk in BBB dysfunction. Numerous studies revealed that necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis participate in cell death after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Endothelial dysfunction caused by these three PCDs may be the critical factor during BBB damage. Also, several signaling pathways were involved in PCDs and BBB dysfunction. These new PCDs (necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis), as well as BBB dysfunction, each play a critical role after hemorrhagic stroke. A better understanding of the interrelationship among them might provide us with better therapeutic targets for the treatment of hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjian Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, NM, United States.,Center for Neuroscience Research, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,Center for Neuroscience Research, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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