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Zhang X, Zhou J, Zou X, Wang Z, Chu Y, Wang S. Preparation of Nano-SiO₂/Al₂O₃/ZnO-Blended PVDF Cation-Exchange Membranes with Improved Membrane Permselectivity and Oxidation Stability. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11122465. [PMID: 30518147 PMCID: PMC6316986 DOI: 10.3390/ma11122465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ion exchange membranes are used in practically every industry; however, most of them have defects such as low permeability and poor oxidation resistance. In this paper, cation-exchange membranes were prepared with poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) blended with nano-SiO₂, nano-Al₂O₃ and nano-ZnO. Sulfonic acid groups were injected into the membrane prepared by styrene grafting and sulfonation. The methods used for characterizing the prepared membranes were Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical measurements. Membrane performance, such as the ion exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake (WU), transport number, membrane permselectivity, membrane resistance, functional groups, and morphology were also evaluated. The hydrophilia, IEC, and permselectivity of cation-exchange membranes depended on the nanoparticle content of the membrane matrix. High transport property values were obtained, which increased with increasing nano-SiO₂/Al₂O₃/ZnO weight fractions. Finally, the cation-exchange membranes prepared with 1.5% nano-SiO₂, 2.0% nano-Al₂O₃ or 2.0% nano-ZnO all exhibited excellent membrane properties, including membrane permselectivity (PVDF/2% ZnO-g-PSSA membranes, 94.9%), IEC (PVDF/2% Al₂O₃-g-PSSA membranes, 2.735 mmol·g-1), and oxidation resistance (PVDF/1.5% SiO₂-g-PSSA membranes, 2.33%). They can be used to separate applications in a variety of different areas, such as water treatment, electro-driven separation, heavy metal smelting, or other electrochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Utilization in Cold and Drought Region, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, No. 88, Anning West Road, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jian Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Utilization in Cold and Drought Region, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, No. 88, Anning West Road, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Xin Zou
- Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Utilization in Cold and Drought Region, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, No. 88, Anning West Road, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Urban and Rural Planning Bureau of Mudanjiang, No. 41, Wusuli Road, Mudanjiang 157000, China.
| | - Yunchen Chu
- Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Utilization in Cold and Drought Region, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, No. 88, Anning West Road, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Sanfan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Utilization in Cold and Drought Region, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, No. 88, Anning West Road, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Fernandez-Gonzalez C, Dominguez-Ramos A, Ibañez R, Irabien A. Electrodialysis with Bipolar Membranes for Valorization of Brines. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2015.1128951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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