Lung cancer: analysis of biomarkers and methods of diagnostic and prognostic value

Long-Noncoding RNA CASC9 Promotes Progression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Promoting the Expression of CDC6 Through Binding to HuR

OBJECTIVE

The long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as key players in diverse cellular processes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the understanding of biological functions and detailed mechanisms of lncRNAs is still limited. Herein, the lncRNA cancer susceptibility candidate 9 (CASC9) on NSCLC progression is investigated.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Expressions of CASC9, HuR and cell division cycle 6 (CDC6) in NSCLC tissues were detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The cell counting kit-8, transwell assays, and flow cytometry were used to examine cell proliferation, migration, and the cell cycle. Tumor growth in vivo was evaluated by xenograft tumor experiments and immunohistochemistry. RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) was used to identify the interaction between HuR and CDC6, and CASC9 and HuR.

RESULTS

CASC9, CDC6 and HuR expression were found significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues, which predicted poorer 5-year overall survival in NSCLC patients. Inhibition of CASC9 significantly reduced the malignancy of NSCLC cells, such as proliferation, migration and cell cycle. In vivo experiments further demonstrated that CASC9 knockdown reduced the tumor growth and the Ki-67 expression. Moreover, CASC9 knockdown inhibited the expression of CDC6 which was detected overexpressed in NSCLC tumor tissues. Then, up-regulation of CDC6 could partly reverse the negative effects of CASC9 on cell proliferation, migration and cell cycle. RIP assay and rescue experiment showed that CASC9 regulated CDC via binding to HuR.

CONCLUSION

Our results indicate that CASC9 conferred an aggressive phenotype in NSCLC and might be a pivotal target for this disease.