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Matteit I, Schlump A, Reisert M, von Zedtwitz K, Runge K, Nickel K, Schiele MA, Coenen VA, Domschke K, Tzschach A, Endres D. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in two patients with chromosomal disorders involving the X chromosome. World J Biol Psychiatry 2022:1-6. [PMID: 36484230 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2147997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The etio-pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) can be explained using a biopsychosocial model. Little is known about obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in the context of chromosomal disorders involving the X chromosome. METHODS Case studies of two patients with chromosomal disorders involving the X chromosome (Patient 1 with a variant of Turner syndrome and Patient 2 with triple X syndrome). RESULTS Both patients were treated due to severe OCS. In the research MRI analysis, the most pronounced MRI change in both patients was a gray matter volume loss in the orbitofrontal cortex. Patient 1 additionally showed left mesiotemporal changes. Patient 2 presented with global gray matter volume reduction, slowing in EEG, and a reduced intelligence quotient. DISCUSSION OCS could occur in the context of Turner syndrome or triple X syndrome. The detected MRI changes would be compatible with dysfunction of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loops involved in OCD pathophysiology. Further studies with larger patient groups should investigate whether this association can be validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Matteit
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Schlump
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Reisert
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina von Zedtwitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kimon Runge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Nickel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Miriam A Schiele
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Volker A Coenen
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Deep Brain Stimulation, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Center for Basics in Neuromodulation, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Center for Basics in Neuromodulation, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Tzschach
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominique Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Göbel T, Berninger L, Schlump A, Feige B, Runge K, Nickel K, Schiele MA, van Elst LT, Hotz A, Alter S, Domschke K, Tzschach A, Endres D. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in ACTG1-associated Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2022; 129:1387-1391. [PMID: 36205783 PMCID: PMC9550762 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-022-02544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) may rarely occur in the context of genetic syndromes. So far, an association between obsessive–compulsive symptoms (OCS) and ACTG1-associated Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome has not been described as yet. A thoroughly phenotyped patient with OCS and ACTG1-associated Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome is presented. The 25-year-old male patient was admitted to in-patient psychiatric care due to OCD. A whole-exome sequencing analysis was initiated as the patient also showed an autistic personality structure, below average intelligence measures, craniofacial dysmorphia signs, sensorineural hearing loss, and sinus cavernoma as well as subtle cardiac and ophthalmological alterations. The diagnosis of Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome type 2 was confirmed by the detection of a heterozygous likely pathogenic variant in the ACTG1 gene [c.1003C > T; p.(Arg335Cys), ACMG class 4]. The automated analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed changes in the orbitofrontal, parietal, and occipital cortex of both sides and in the right mesiotemporal cortex. Electroencephalography (EEG) revealed intermittent rhythmic delta activity in the occipital and right temporal areas. Right mesiotemporal MRI and EEG alterations could be caused by a small brain parenchymal defect with hemosiderin deposits after a cavernomectomy. This paradigmatic case provides evidence of syndromic OCS in ACTG1-associated Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome. The MRI findings are compatible with a dysfunction of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loops involved in OCD. If a common pathophysiology is confirmed in future studies, corresponding patients with Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome type 2 should be screened for OCS. The association may also contribute to a better understanding of OCD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Göbel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lea Berninger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Schlump
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Feige
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kimon Runge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Nickel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Miriam A Schiele
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ludger Tebartz van Elst
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alrun Hotz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Svenja Alter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Basics in Neuromodulation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Tzschach
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominique Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Saha A, Maheshwari D, Das A, Biswas S, Saha P. Obsessive-Compulsive disorder is a severe threat to society. BIONATURA 2022. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2022.07.02.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To give an overview of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). In this review, the vital information about OCD and the possibility of linking suicide through this mental issue, getting to provide references for cover. OCD is a chronicle real unbalanced form of mental disorder that leads to an unreasonable configuration of obsession and compulsion. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is usually believed to follow a persistent, repetitive course. The onset of illness has a bimodal peak – in early adolescence and adulthood. Obsessions are the elevation of thoughts and feelings irrespective of common or genuine sentiments, infuriating and repetitive effects on mental beings. Compulsion is a short part tempo result after the obsession to repeat a particular activity. This anomalous situation helps us understand that it turns out to be critical and last for a short period; it gets back as before when done. Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a psycho-neurological issue that sets out to be impulsive and cause distress and uneasiness in a person's life. OCD has the potential to trigger suicide. An obsessive-compulsive disorder is outlined by the two proximity of continuous impulse and compulsions, and recent studies have also identified neuroimaging and neuropsychological correlations of a natural outcome, but these need further replication. After a comprehensive study, the evidence provided in this article presents that OCD may be a grueling mental issue and a significant threat to society.
Keywords. OCD; Obsession; Compulsion; Neuropsychiatric; Treatment; Survey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Saha
- M.Pharm, Pharmacology, NSHM College Of Pharmaceutical Technology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, B.L. Rd., Kolkata - 700053, W.B. India
| | - Drishti Maheshwari
- B. Pharm, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Institute Of Bio-medical Science and Research, Balawala, Dehradun- 248161, Uttarakhand
| | - Arijit Das
- Assistant Professor, Department Of Pharmacology, Bharat Technology, Uluberia, Howrah – 711316, W.B
| | - Souvik Biswas
- Assistant Professor, Department Of Pharmacology, Bharat Technology, Uluberia, Howrah – 711316, W.B
| | - Puja Saha
- Associate Professor, Department Of Pharmaceutics, Mata Gujri College of Pharmacy, Mata Gujri University, Purab Pali Road, Kishanganj, Bihar - 855107
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Davies W. The contribution of Xp22.31 gene dosage to Turner and Klinefelter syndromes and sex-biased phenotypes. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104169. [PMID: 33610733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Turner syndrome (TS) is a rare developmental condition in females caused by complete, or partial, loss of the second sex chromosome; it is associated with a number of phenotypes including short stature, ovarian failure and infertility, as well as neurobehavioural and cognitive manifestations. In contrast, Klinefelter syndrome (KS) arises from an excess of X chromosome material in males (typical karyotype is 47,XXY); like TS, KS is associated with infertility and hormonal imbalance, and behavioural/neurocognitive differences from gonadal sex-matched counterparts. Lower dosage of genes that escape X-inactivation may partially explain TS phenotypes, whilst overdosage of these genes may contribute towards KS-related symptoms. Here, I discuss new findings from individuals with deletions or duplications limited to Xp22.31 (a region escaping X-inactivation), and consider the extent to which altered gene dosage within this small interval (and of the steroid sulfatase (STS) gene in particular) may influence the phenotypic profiles of TS and KS. The expression of X-escapees can be higher in female than male tissues; I conclude by considering how lower Xp22.31 gene dosage in males may increase their likelihood of exhibiting particular phenotypes relative to females. Understanding the genetic contribution to specific phenotypes in rare disorders such as TS and KS, and to more common sex-biased phenotypes, will be important for developing more effective, and more personalised, therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Davies
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences and Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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Hutaff-Lee C, Bennett E, Howell S, Tartaglia N. Clinical developmental, neuropsychological, and social-emotional features of Turner syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 181:126-134. [PMID: 30767374 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with Turner syndrome (TS) are at risk for a constellation of neurocognitive and psychosocial differences, although there is significant individual variability in these features. TS is associated with an increased risk for difficulties with visual-spatial reasoning, visual-spatial memory, attention, executive functioning, motor, and math skills. Additionally, increased rates of social difficulties, anxiety, and depression are observed. There can be significant interplay between all of these factors contributing to the behavioral phenotype. Neuropsychological features and previous research are reviewed. Clinical considerations and recommendations for evaluation and treatment of psychological and behavioral difficulties are provided, including consideration of medical features in TS, as well as therapies, educational supports, and medication treatment. Future research is needed to evaluate effectiveness of different treatments for neuropsychological and psychosocial features of TS, including modification and validation of existing evidence-based treatments and new approaches to care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Hutaff-Lee
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,Department of Pediatrics, eXtraOrdinary Kids Turner Syndrome Clinic, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Elizabeth Bennett
- Department of Pediatrics, eXtraOrdinary Kids Turner Syndrome Clinic, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.,Division of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Susan Howell
- Department of Pediatrics, eXtraOrdinary Kids Turner Syndrome Clinic, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.,Division of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Nicole Tartaglia
- Department of Pediatrics, eXtraOrdinary Kids Turner Syndrome Clinic, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.,Division of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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