Relationship Between Depression and Stress Coping Ability Among Residents in Japan: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study

Enhancing Oral Health via the Sense of Coherence Approach Among Adult Patients at University Dental Hospital

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to assess the sense of coherence and its relationship with oral health and other study variables among adult patients at university dental hospital.

Patients and Methods

This cross-sectional study included adult patients visiting the Dental Hospital of the College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam. Sense of coherence was determined by Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence scale (SOC-13), which consists of 13 items on a 7-point Likert. DMFT index, plaque index, gingival index, and simplified oral hygiene index were used to evaluate the oral health of study participants. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed, and 0.05 level of significance was used in the study.

Results

The study included the data of 558 participants with a mean age of 32.19±10.11 years. The mean score of SOC was 52.77±13.11, which was significantly higher in high-income participants (P <0.001), participants without a medical condition (P=0.021), non-smokers (P <0.001), and those who visited the dentist in less than one year (P=0.028). Bivariate analysis showed statistically significant negative correlations between SOC and DMFT index (P=0.002), SOC and plaque index (P <0.001), SOC and gingival index (P=0.002), and SOC and simplified oral hygiene index (P=0.001). Multivariable analysis also showed that SOC was significantly correlated with DMFT index (P=0.001), plaque index (P <0.001), gingival index (P <0.001), and oral hygiene index (P=0.004) after controlling for age, gender, education, and monthly income.

Conclusion

This study found that high-income and healthy participants, non-smokers, and those who visited the dental office during the last one year demonstrated significantly higher SOC. In addition, there was a statistically significant correlation between SOC and oral health. These study findings highlight the importance of raising awareness about SOC to improve oral health outcomes in adult patients.

The protective role of sense of coherence in resident physicians facing secondary trauma due to patient death in intensive care-A qualitative inquiry

The salutogenic paradigm is increasingly used in research and practice but remains to be investigated in secondary trauma of health professionals. This qualitative study explored the main anchor of salutogenics, the sense-of-coherence, as a coping mechanism among resident physicians facing secondary trauma due to continuous exposure to patient suffering and deaths. Participants were sixteen resident physicians from intensive care units at emergency departments of two Israeli public tertiary hospitals. Data analysis employed reflexive thematic analysis. Findings suggest that while all residents described having comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness differed among residents. Some residents thrived, coped well with secondary trauma, centered on patient emotional needs, and drew meaningfulness from the challenges. Other residents suffered while providing care, reported poor well-being, were too overwhelmed to center patients, and doubted their career choices. Salutogenic-based interventions to cultivate the resilience of resident physicians experiencing secondary trauma are proposed.

Sense of Coherence and Work Stress or Well-Being in Care Professionals: A Systematic Review

Job-related stress affects the physical and psychological health of professionals dedicated to care. This work is a systematic review that aims to determine the relationships between a sense of coherence (SOC) and work stress and well-being perceived by care professionals. The review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines, and the search was carried out using the Web of Science (WoS), PubMed, and Scopus databases, obtaining a final selection of 41 articles. The results indicate that stress, depression, burnout, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) negatively correlate with SOC; in contrast, job satisfaction, well-being, and quality of life positively correlate with SOC. It is concluded that SOC could act as a mediating variable and as a predictor variable of these health problems.

Development and Validation of the Coping Capacity Measurement Scale of Public Health Emergencies in China

Public health emergency coping capacity has been an important direction in crisis research in recent years. The use of the public health emergency coping capacity scale to evaluate the public's response and feelings regarding public health emergencies is one of the essential ways to improve the effectiveness of public health emergency response. Based on literature research, this paper constructed the theoretical dimension of public health emergency coping ability and completed the development of the items of the initial scale in China. After using SPSS 22.0-conducted exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability test, the scale dimensions and items were deleted and optimized. The final public health emergency coping capacity measurement scale in China included 12 items and four dimensions. The results showed that the developed scale has high reliability and validity, which is helpful for the relevant personnel to understand the level of public health emergency coping ability and provides an essential basis for timely and accurate emergency prevention and control interventions.

Association between forest and greenspace walking and stress-coping skills among workers of Tsukuba Science City, Japan: A cross-sectional study

Objectives

Study design

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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“Sense of coherence” (SOC) as a concept of stress-coping, has been gaining attention.

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There is little evidence about the associations between SOC and habits that are easy to perform in everyday life.

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Forests occupy 67% of the landmass and greenspace has been increasing every year in Japan.

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Forest/greenspace walking may enhance stress-coping skills.

Assessment of Clinical Leadership Training Needs in Senior Pediatric Residents

INTRODUCTION

Although clinical leadership in physicians is associated with improved healthcare, leadership training is rarely integrated into residency training. Our objective was to perform a comprehensive needs assessment of our pediatric residents' existing leadership experiences and knowledge and to identify training gaps within our program.

METHODS

First, we held focus groups with senior pediatric residents to understand their clinical leadership experiences and identify training needs. Notes were transcribed and independently coded by 2 researchers, with thematic saturation achieved. Next, we focused each session on 1 leadership content area identified from the aforementioned themes to better understand the specific training needs for each topic.

RESULTS

Four major themes were identified: (1) Effective and timely communication with supervisors, learners, ancillary staff, and patients is indispensable in promoting safe patient care, avoiding conflict, and preventing misunderstanding. (2) Training in teaching methods is desired, especially gaining the skills needed to teach various levels of learners, in different settings and under time constraints. (3) Time management, availability of resources, and team logistics were often learned through trial-and-error. (4) Self-care, self-acceptance, emotional regulation, and peer debriefing are relied upon to manage negative emotions; rarely are resilience and wellness strategies employed in "real-time."

CONCLUSION

Senior residents currently face gaps in clinical leadership training and may benefit from additional instruction in content areas related to these 4 themes. Our next steps are to utilize the identified themes to develop a longitudinal and skills-based clinical leadership curriculum to address the gap in graduate medical education.