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Bezerra VGL, Ferreira ADL, Fernandes VDG, Teixeira-da-Silva D, Paranhos LR, Matos FDS. Technical Quality of Root Fillings Performed by Undergraduate Dental Students in Single-Canal Teeth: A 10-Year Retrospective Study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2024; 28:1052-1057. [PMID: 39291748 DOI: 10.1111/eje.13041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the radiographic technical quality of root fillings in single-canal teeth performed over a decade (June 2013 to June 2023) by undergraduate dental students of the Federal University of Campina Grande. METHODS All teeth underwent chemomechanical preparation using Gates-Glidden drills and hand instrumentation with stainless steel files up to 1 mm short of the root apex. Apical expansion was performed with up to two or three instruments above the initial anatomical apical diameter. The canal was filled in the absence of signs and symptoms of infection using gutta-percha cones and Sealer 26 or MTA Fillapex. A post-filling radiograph was routinely taken to assess the quality of root filling and coronal restoration. An experienced researcher trained and calibrated an examiner to evaluate post-operative periapical radiographs considering root-filling length, lateral adaptation and taper using ImageJ 1.52q software. Root filling was satisfactory when reaching acceptable classifications for the three parameters. The chi-squared test compared tooth type, dental arch and pulpal diagnosis at a 5% significance level. RESULTS The study assessed 124 canals, showing 90 (72.6%) satisfactory root fillings. The sub-analysis of individual parameters demonstrated that 105 (84.7%) root fillings had acceptable length, 113 (91.1%) adapted well to lateral canal walls, and 109 (87.9%) had proper taper. Most cases occurred in maxillary teeth (n = 99), pulp necrosis was the most frequent pulpal diagnosis (n = 89), and root-filling quality showed no association with tooth type, dental arch or pulpal diagnosis. CONCLUSION The technical quality of root fillings in single-canal teeth treated by dental students was predominantly satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - André de Lima Ferreira
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Douglas Teixeira-da-Silva
- Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Renato Paranhos
- Division of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Felipe de Souza Matos
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
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Madfa AA, Almansour MI, Al-Zubaidi SM, Albaqawi AH, Almeshari SA, Khawshhal AA, Alshammari RH. Assessment of the quality of root canal fillings performed on extracted teeth by undergraduate dental students in a sample from Saudi Arabia. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:157. [PMID: 38374029 PMCID: PMC10875893 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The educational process in the field of endodontics commences with preclinical exercises to enhance students' proficiency in cleaning, shaping, and performing root canal fillings. Therefore, this study aimed to radiographically evaluate the technical quality of root canal fillings performed by preclinical students on extracted teeth at the College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Saudi Arabia. METHODS A total of 788 extracted human teeth received root canal treatment by undergraduate students. The samples were then gathered and radiographically assessed using the three quality criteria of length, density, and taper. The category of root canal fillings was classified as either acceptable or unacceptable. The criteria for evaluating the acceptability of filling quality were defined based on the presence of adequate length, density, and taper. The effectiveness of root canal fillings was also evaluated in relation to the tooth type, sex, and treatment year. The agreement between the examiners was evaluated using Cohen's kappa test, and the relationship between the research variables was determined using the chi-squared test. The significance threshold was set at 0. 05. RESULTS The overall quality of root filling was determined to be satisfactory in 532 (67.5%) of 788 endodontically treated extracted teeth. The majority of the research sample (88.1%) had enough length, 89.6% had adequate density, and 86.4% had acceptable taper. The quality of anterior teeth was substantially better than that of posterior teeth (p < 0.001). Our findings showed that the quality of root canals was better in 2022 than it had been in earlier years (p = 0.001). The three RCT quality criteria differed significantly when compared between sexes (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS The quality of the root canal fillings completed by undergraduate students was rated as acceptable. The findings of the research suggest that the implementation of routine assessments to evaluate the technical competence of undergraduate dental students performing root canal treatments could provide significant insights into the efficacy of the curriculum requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Madfa
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Moazzy I Almansour
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M Al-Zubaidi
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H Albaqawi
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Almeshari
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas A Khawshhal
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab H Alshammari
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Neto JCL, Suassuna FCM, Silva DFB, Firmino RT, Bento PM, de Melo DP. External root thermal analysis of three different obturation techniques. J Clin Exp Dent 2024; 16:e42-e50. [PMID: 38314339 PMCID: PMC10837800 DOI: 10.4317/jced.61035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to assess the external root surface thermal behavior when submitted to three different obturation techniques. Material and Methods Forty-five single-rooted premolars were selected, prepared and randomly divided into three groups according to the studied obturation techniques: lateral condensation (LC), single cone technique (SCT) and injectable thermoplasticized technique (IT). Each tooth was placed in a customized apparatus and connected to a thermocouple. A FLIR T650sc infrared thermal camera was used to assess root temperature in a room under controlled temperature and humidity. Temperature values were recorded using the thermal camera and thermocouples before, during and 30, 60, 90, 120, 150s after obturation. Shapiro-Wilk, QQ-plot, Levene's, ANOVA-three-way, Mauchly's sphericity, Box's M and Bonferroni tests were used to assess data. The significance level was set at 5%. Results Infrared assessment showed significant temperature changes between time intervals, obturation techniques and root thirds. Temperature increase was observed 30s after obturation for STL, LC and IT, followed by a gradual temperature decline, with temperature values similar to the initial temperature at 150s for LC and IT. SCT temperature values only returned to normal 60s after obturation in the apical third and 90s in the middle and cervical thirds. In all techniques, the temperature did not rise above the critical limit of 10°C. Conclusions All studied obturation techniques increased root surface temperature with IT showing the highest temperature increase. However, the temperature increase does not exceed the acceptable limits, not causing damage to the surrounding tissues. Key words:Endodontics, changes in body temperature, root canal filling, thermography.
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Affiliation(s)
- José-Cordeiro-Lima Neto
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, State University of Paraíba- UEPB, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Diego-Filipe-Bezerra Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, State University of Paraíba- UEPB, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Ramon-Targino Firmino
- Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Campina Grande - UFCG, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Patrícia-Meira Bento
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, State University of Paraíba- UEPB, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Daniela-Pita de Melo
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, State University of Paraíba- UEPB, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Munive-Degregori A, Mayta-Tovalino F, Lúcar-Flores C, Mendoza R, Alvitez-Temoche D, Guillen-Galarza C. A Comparative Evaluation of Endodontically Treated Root Canals Obturated Using Gutta-percha with Two Different Protocols: An In-vitro Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11:678-684. [PMID: 35036377 PMCID: PMC8713498 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_113_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this article is to evaluate the quality of filling in endodontically treated root canals using the lateral condensation technique and modified lateral condensation technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two single-rooted teeth were divided into two groups that were assigned by simple randomization according to the filling technique. Once the endodontic treatment was performed, a periapical radiograph was taken to assess the quality according to the radiographic density and tomography was taken to evaluate the quality according to the tomographic volume of spaces, compared with the post-preparation biomechanical tomography. Finally, we performed a statistical analysis (Student's t-test) to evaluate whether there were differences between the types of filling. RESULTS Radiographic radiodensity was 182.89 ± 9.81 and 186.72 ± 6.97 HU for teeth treated with the lateral condensation technique and modified lateral condensation technique, respectively. The void volume was 3.75 ± 2.35 and 2.43 ± 1.18 mm3 for teeth treated with the lateral condensation technique and modified lateral condensation technique, respectively. CONCLUSION No significant differences were found between the techniques for both filling quality parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaldo Munive-Degregori
- Postgraduate Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - Frank Mayta-Tovalino
- Postgraduate Department, CHANGE Research Working Group, Faculty of Health of Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru,Address for correspondence: Dr. Frank Mayta-Tovalino, Postgraduate Department, CHANGE Research Working Group, Faculty of Health of Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Av. Paseo de la República 5544, Miraflores, Lima 15074, Peru. E-mail:
| | - Cecilia Lúcar-Flores
- Academic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Roman Mendoza
- Postgraduate Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - Daniel Alvitez-Temoche
- Postgraduate Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - Carlos Guillen-Galarza
- Academic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
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Yekta-Michael SS, Färber CM, Heinzel A. Evaluation of new endodontic tooth models in clinical education from the perspective of students and demonstrators. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:447. [PMID: 34429092 PMCID: PMC8383916 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-02848-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of root canal treatments performed by undergraduate students is often unsatisfactory questioning the current methods of teaching. Based on treatment errors made by students participating the endodontic courses at RWTH Aachen University (Germany), new radiopaque artificial root canal treatment models (DRSK RCT; incisor, premolar, molar) were designed and developed. The aim of the study was to evaluate these models by groups of students and demonstrators. METHODS A total number of 60 students and seven demonstrators from a single institution (RWTH Aachen) participated in this study. They performed endodontic treatments on either initial versions of the DRSK RCT or modified versions. The initial versions were evaluated by students (n = 25) and demonstrators (n = 7). The obtained questionnaire was conducted as 7-point Likert-Scale covering the topics material properties, feeling while performing exercises and perception of its closeness to reality via 19 items (students) and 21 items (demonstrators). According to the evaluations several alterations were applied to the DRSK RCT, the whole study was repeated and evaluated by different students (n = 35) and the same demonstrators (n = 7). Additionally, the demonstrators blindly evaluated the quality of root canal treatments performed by the students (n = 35) on the modified DRSK RCT. Comparisons between the initial versions and the modified versions were calculated using Chi-squared tests. RESULTS Students as well as demonstrators positively evaluated both variants of the DRSK RCT with especially high ratings in the overall evaluation. Students' rating of the pulp anatomy significantly increased from 5.4 ± 1.1 (mean ± SD) to 5.9 ± 0.9 (mean ± SD; p < 0.05) for the modified model. Likewise, students felt that the ability to flare root canals improved after alterations have been applied. Ratings significantly increased from 4.8 ± 1.6 (mean ± SD) to 5.6 ± 1.0 (mean ± SD; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results indicate that the DRSK RCT is a promising candidate to be used as an alternative to extracted teeth or as an additional tool for improving dental education. However, some limitations of our analysis have to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Said Yekta-Michael
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Maria Färber
- Department for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Heinzel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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