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Kemta Lekpa F, Eloundou P, Moulion Tapouh JR, Simeni Njonnou SR, Fojo Talongong B, Same Bebey F, Megne Tamo E, Noukeu D, Enyama D, Abouame PH, Sime Tchouamo AA, Namme Luma H, Ngandeu-Singwe M, Choukem SP. Clinical presentation and imaging findings in juvenile-onset back pain: a ten-year hospital-based retrospective analysis in Douala (Cameroon). Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1424391. [PMID: 39015207 PMCID: PMC11250053 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1424391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Studies exploring the clinical and imaging characteristics of juvenile-onset back pain (JOBP) are scarce. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical presentation, imaging findings, and factors associated with JOBP. Methods A retrospective record-based study was conducted among all pediatric cases presenting to the Rheumatology unit of the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon, from January 2014 to December 2023. The study did not include children whose back pain began after 16 years of age. Results Of the 216 records of patients under 18 examined, 67 children (31 girls) were diagnosed with JOBP. The median age was 15 [13-16] years. More than two-third of the children included in this study had chronic pain (n = 46; 68.65%). Pain was mild to moderate in intensity in 48 children (71.6%). Radiculopathy was present in 10 children (14.92%). The most common location of back pain was the lumbar region (n = 64; 95.52%). Some children experienced pain in more than one location. The location of the pain was not associated with gender, duration of the pain, radiculopathy, or practice of a competitive sport (p > 0.05). Musculoskeletal abnormalities on imaging were found in 38 children (62.29%). In multivariate analysis, peripheral joint involvement [aOR = 0.253 (0.073-0.878); p = 0.030] and mild pain intensity [aOR = 0.077 (0.014-0.422); p = 0.003], were independently associated with the presence of musculoskeletal abnormalities on imaging. Conclusion JOBP affects a third of children and adolescents of our clinic population. The common musculoskeletal abnormalities found on spine imaging are disc diseases and scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Kemta Lekpa
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
- Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Paul Eloundou
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Jean Roger Moulion Tapouh
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Sylvain Raoul Simeni Njonnou
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network, Douala, Cameroon
| | | | - Francine Same Bebey
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Estelle Megne Tamo
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Diomède Noukeu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Dominique Enyama
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Palma Haoua Abouame
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Henry Namme Luma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | | | - Simeon Pierre Choukem
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
- Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network, Douala, Cameroon
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Anyachukwu CC, Amarah CC, Atueyi BC, Anthony I, Nweke M, Abaraogu U. Effectiveness of Back care education Programme among school children: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:95. [PMID: 38308207 PMCID: PMC10835972 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Systematic review of Randomised controlled trials. OBJECTIVES With the increasing incidence of back pain among children and its untold implications to their future, back education tailored in an effective way would be indicated. However literature appears unsettled. This study aims to review available literature to determine the effect of school-based back education in preventing and managing low back pain in school children. METHODS Randomized controlled trials carried out on elementary and secondary school children of ages 6 to 18 years and published in English language were included. Back education taught in hospitals or other settings were excluded. Primary outcome was back pain prevalence and secondary outcomes were constituted from the study characteristics of selected studies which includes: back behavior, knowledge, postural habits, physical activity, fear-avoidance beliefs, back pack carriage, pain intensity, skills and self efficacy. Databases searched were PEDro, HINARI, PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Available stiudies from 2000 to March 2022 were retrieved. Quality of studies were assessed using the PEDro scale. Obtained studies were descriptively analyzed. RESULTS A total 8420 studies were retrieved and 8 studies (with 1239 participants) were included in this review. Four studies each assessed back knowledge and back behavior, and two assessed back pain prevalence. There were improvements in back knowledge and back behaviour, but effectiveness of back care education on back pain prevalence was not conclusive. Forms of education used involved the indirect method of conditioning the environment and the direct method which made use of theory, practical lessons and educational books and materials. CONCLUSION Back care education programmes in schools are effective in improving back care knowledge, behavior and reduction in low back pain frequency. Reduction in back pain prevalence is not conclusive. Back care education could be incorporated as part of schools' education programmes. Limitations include exclusion of non English language studies and inconsistent outcome measures. FUNDING SOURCE None. REGISTRATION This review protocol was registered under the International platform of Registered systematic review and meta-analysis protocol (INPLASY) with the registration number; INPLASY202310044 and DOI number; https://doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0044.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canice Chukwudi Anyachukwu
- Department of medical rehabilitation, Faculty of health sciences and technology, College of medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu state, Nigeria
| | - Confidence Chinemerem Amarah
- Department of medical rehabilitation, Faculty of health sciences and technology, College of medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu state, Nigeria.
| | - Blessing Chiagozikam Atueyi
- Department of medical rehabilitation, Faculty of health sciences and technology, College of medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu state, Nigeria
| | - Ifeanyi Anthony
- Department of medical rehabilitation, Faculty of health sciences and technology, College of medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu state, Nigeria
| | - Martins Nweke
- Department of physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ukachukwu Abaraogu
- Department of medical rehabilitation, Faculty of health sciences and technology, College of medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu state, Nigeria
- Research Center for Health (ReaCH) Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
- Division of Biological Sciences and Health University of the West of Scotland, Lanarkshire, UK
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El-Qadi M, Thabit MA, Eissa E, Aziz AAFA, Kamel R. Adolescent Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Herniation: Conservative versus Surgical Treatment. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) in adolescents is relatively a rare condition among those cases presented with low back pain. Trauma and genetics are the most common predisposing factors. Furthermore, the clinical presentations differ from those of the adults. Back pain is not all marked in adolescent patients.
AIM: This study was subjected to discuss the etiology, diagnosis and treatment modalities, and the variable outcomes for both medical and surgical treatment of LDH in adolescents.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective study was conducted on 20 patients (12 males, eight females) age range 10–19 years presenting with LDH, managed and treated conservatively and/or surgically in Neurosurgery Department at Kasr Al Ainy School of medicine, Cairo University in the period from October 2015 to September 2016 with 12-month follow-up period.
RESULTS: In our study, 12 patients (60%) gave a positive family history, also nine cases (45%) had a history of back trauma before affection with LDH. All the cases (100%) were presented with sciatic pain while only half of them had low back pain, also two cases with motor deficit. After performing magnetic resonance imaging of lumbosacral spine, L5-S1 disc level was the most common level affected. All the patients were subjected to medical treatment which was effective in 40% of the cases and surgical treatment was the only curative method in 12 cases (60%). In this study, the outcome was excellent in 90% of cases where significant to complete relief of pain and significant improvement in the neurological deficits was achieved.
CONCLUSION: Conservative treatment is less effective for adolescent LDH patients as compared with adults, even though it remains the fi rst-line treatment for adolescent LDH.
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