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Erdman LK, Boggild AK, Bitnun A. Imported congenital malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale: A case report. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2024; 11:20499361241229263. [PMID: 38312850 PMCID: PMC10838024 DOI: 10.1177/20499361241229263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
We describe a 5-week-old term infant with Plasmodium ovale severe congenital malaria in a non-endemic setting. She presented with diarrhea, poor feeding, lethargy, hepatosplenomegaly, and severe anemia. She was fortuitously diagnosed with malaria on routine blood smear, and successfully treated with intravenous artesunate. Subsequent history revealed maternal malaria diagnosis and treatment during pregnancy in Nigeria. This case underscores the importance of obtaining maternal exposure history and considering malaria testing in pregnant women and infants with unexplained illness. It also contributes to the limited literature on congenital malaria and severe malaria caused by P. ovale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K. Erdman
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, McMaster Children’s Hospital, 1200 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Andrea K. Boggild
- Tropical Disease Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ari Bitnun
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Akash S, Abdelkrim G, Bayil I, Hosen ME, Mukerjee N, Shater AF, Saleh FM, Albadrani GM, Al‐Ghadi MQ, Abdel‐Daim MM, Tok TT. Antimalarial drug discovery against malaria parasites through haplopine modification: An advanced computational approach. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3168-3188. [PMID: 37724615 PMCID: PMC10568677 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread emergence of antimalarial drug resistance has created a major threat to public health. Malaria is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by Plasmodium spp., which includes Apicoplast DNA polymerase and Plasmodium falciparum cysteine protease falcipain-2. These components play a critical role in their life cycle and metabolic pathway, and are involved in the breakdown of erythrocyte hemoglobin in the host, making them promising targets for anti-malarial drug design. Our current study has been designed to explore the potential inhibitors from haplopine derivatives against these two targets using an in silico approach. A total of nine haplopine derivatives were used to perform molecular docking, and the results revealed that Ligands 03 and 05 showed strong binding affinity compared to the control compound atovaquone. Furthermore, these ligand-protein complexes underwent molecular dynamics simulations, and the results demonstrated that the complexes maintained strong stability in terms of RMSD (root mean square deviation), RMSF (root mean square fluctuation), and Rg (radius of gyration) over a 100 ns simulation period. Additionally, PCA (principal component analysis) analysis and the dynamic cross-correlation matrix showed positive outcomes for the protein-ligand complexes. Moreover, the compounds exhibited no violations of the Lipinski rule, and ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) predictions yielded positive results without indicating any toxicity. Finally, density functional theory (DFT) and molecular electrostatic potential calculations were conducted, revealing that the mentioned derivatives exhibited better stability and outstanding performance. Overall, this computational approach suggests that these haplopine derivatives could serve as a potential source for developing new, effective antimalarial drugs to combat malaria. However, further in vitro or in vivo studies might be conducted to determine their actual effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shopnil Akash
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International, UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Guendouzi Abdelkrim
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Synthesis, Properties and Applications. (LCSPA)University of SaidaSaïdaAlgeria
| | - Imren Bayil
- Department of Bioinformatics and computational biologyGaziantep UniversityGaziantepTurkey
| | - Md. Eram Hosen
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of RajshahiRajshahiBangladesh
| | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Department of MicrobiologyWest Bengal State UniversityKolkataIndia
- Department of Health SciencesNovel Global Community Educational FoundationHebershamAustralia
| | - Abdullah F. Shater
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia
| | - Fayez M. Saleh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia
| | - Ghadeer M. Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Muath Q. Al‐Ghadi
- Department of Zoology, College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel‐Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy ProgramBatterjee Medical CollegeJeddahSaudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
| | - Tuğba Taşkin Tok
- Department of Bioinformatics and computational biologyGaziantep UniversityGaziantepTurkey
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Alenou LD, Etang J. Airport Malaria in Non-Endemic Areas: New Insights into Mosquito Vectors, Case Management and Major Challenges. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2160. [PMID: 34683481 PMCID: PMC8540862 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the implementation of preventive measures in airports and aircrafts, the risk of importing Plasmodium spp. infected mosquitoes is still present in malaria-free countries. Evidence suggests that mosquitoes have found a new alliance with the globalization of trade and climate change, leading to an upsurge of malaria parasite transmission around airports. The resulting locally acquired form of malaria is called Airport malaria. However, piecemeal information is available, regarding its epidemiological and entomological patterns, as well as the challenges in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Understanding these issues is a critical step towards a better implementation of control strategies. To cross reference this information, we conducted a systematic review on 135 research articles published between 1969 (when the first cases of malaria in airports were reported) and 2020 (i.e., 51 years later). It appears that the risk of malaria transmission by local mosquito vectors in so called malaria-free countries is not zero; this risk is more likely to be fostered by infected vectors coming from endemic countries by air or by sea. Furthermore, there is ample evidence that airport malaria is increasing in these countries. From 2010 to 2020, the number of cases in Europe was 7.4 times higher than that recorded during the 2000-2009 decade. This increase may be associated with climate change, increased international trade, the decline of aircraft disinsection, as well as delays in case diagnosis and treatment. More critically, current interventions are weakened by biological and operational challenges, such as drug resistance in malaria parasites and vector resistance to insecticides, and logistic constraints. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen malaria prevention and treatment for people at risk of airport malaria, and implement a rigorous routine entomological and epidemiological surveillance in and around airports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Dilane Alenou
- Malaria Research Laboratory, Yaoundé Research Institute (IRY), Organization for the Coordination of Endemic Diseases’ Control in Central Africa (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, Cameroon;
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala P.O. Box 2701, Cameroon
| | - Josiane Etang
- Malaria Research Laboratory, Yaoundé Research Institute (IRY), Organization for the Coordination of Endemic Diseases’ Control in Central Africa (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, Cameroon;
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala P.O. Box 2701, Cameroon
- Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Faculty 09—Agricultural Sciences, Nutritional Sciences and Environmental Management, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Winchester Str. 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany
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Hawkes MT, Forgie S, Brophy J, Crockett M. Artesunate treatment of severe pediatric malaria: A review of parasite clearance kinetics and clinical implications. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2015; 26:237-40. [PMID: 26600806 PMCID: PMC4644001 DOI: 10.1155/2015/736159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Hawkes
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
| | - Sarah Forgie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
| | - Jason Brophy
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Maryanne Crockett
- Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health, Medical Microbiology and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
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Boggild A, Brophy J, Charlebois P, Crockett M, Geduld J, Ghesquiere W, McDonald P, Plourde P, Teitelbaum P, Tepper M, Schofield S, McCarthy A. Summary of recommendations on malaria issues in special hosts. CANADA COMMUNICABLE DISEASE REPORT = RELEVE DES MALADIES TRANSMISSIBLES AU CANADA 2014; 40:178-191. [PMID: 29769841 PMCID: PMC5864471 DOI: 10.14745/ccdr.v40i10a02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND On behalf of the Public Health Agency of Canada, the Committee to Advise on Tropical Medicine and Travel (CATMAT) developed the Canadian Recommendations for the Prevention and Treatment of Malaria Among International Travellers for Canadian health care providers who are preparing patients for travel to malaria-endemic areas and treating travellers who have returned ill. OBJECTIVE To provide guidelines on malaria issues related to special hosts. METHODS CATMAT reviewed all major sources of information on malaria prevention, as well as recent research and national and international epidemiological data, to tailor guidelines to the Canadian context. The evidence-based medicine recommendations were developed with associated rating scales for the strength and quality of the evidence. RECOMMENDATIONS All people visiting malaria endemic regions should use effective personal protective measures (PPM; topical repellants, bed nets, behavioural choices) and the prescribed chemoprophylaxis. Chemoprophylaxis for pregnant and breastfeeding women and for children requires careful consideration in the context of the pregnancy trimester, the age or size of the infant/child as well as their glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) status. Recommendations for long-term travellers, expatriates and people visiting friends and relatives (VFRs) do not differ markedly from those for short-term travellers. Some underlying medical conditions may make individuals more vulnerable to malaria. In addition, some conditions or their treatment may preclude the use of one or more antimalarial medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- by the Committee to Advise on Tropical Medicine and Travel (CATMAT)
- University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario
- Internal Medicine, Canadian Forces Health Services Centre (Atlantic), Halifax, Nova Scotia
- Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
- Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, University of British Columbia, Victoria, British Columbia
- Therapeutic Products Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
- Riverside Travel Medicine Clinic, Ottawa, Ontario
- Communicable Disease Control Program, Directorate of Force Health Protection (Ottawa, Ontario)
- Pest Management Entomology, Directorate of Force Health Protection, Ottawa, Ontario
- Tropical Medicine and International Health Clinic, Division of Infectious Disease, Ottawa Hospital General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - A Boggild
- University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
| | - J Brophy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - P Charlebois
- Internal Medicine, Canadian Forces Health Services Centre (Atlantic), Halifax, Nova Scotia
| | - M Crockett
- Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - J Geduld
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - W Ghesquiere
- Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, University of British Columbia, Victoria, British Columbia
| | - P McDonald
- Therapeutic Products Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - P Plourde
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - P Teitelbaum
- Riverside Travel Medicine Clinic, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - M Tepper
- Communicable Disease Control Program, Directorate of Force Health Protection (Ottawa, Ontario)
| | - S Schofield
- Pest Management Entomology, Directorate of Force Health Protection, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - A McCarthy
- Tropical Medicine and International Health Clinic, Division of Infectious Disease, Ottawa Hospital General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario
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