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The Long-Term Effects of Prenatal Hypoxia on Coronary Artery Function of the Male and Female Offspring. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123019. [PMID: 36551775 PMCID: PMC9776081 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxia predisposes the offspring to the development of cardiovascular (CV) dysfunction in adult life. Using a rat model, we assessed the effect of prenatal hypoxia on vasoconstrictive and vasodilative mechanisms in left anterior descending coronary arteries of 4- and 9.5-month-old offspring. Endothelium-dependent relaxation to methylcholine and vasoconstriction responses to endothelin-1 (ET-1) were assessed by wire myography. Prenatal hypoxia impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in 4- and 9.5-month-old offspring. Inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase prevented coronary artery relaxation in all groups. Inhibition of prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS) improved relaxation in prenatally hypoxic males and tended to improve vasorelaxation in females, suggesting that impaired vasodilation was mediated via increased PGHS-dependent vasoconstriction. An enhanced contribution of endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization to coronary artery vasodilation was observed in prenatally hypoxic males and females. No changes in endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and PGHS-1 expressions were observed, while PGHS-2 expression was decreased in only prenatally hypoxic males. At 4 months, ET-1 responses were similar between groups, while ETB inhibition (with BQ788) tended to decrease ET-1-mediated responses in only prenatally hypoxic females. At 9.5 months, ET-1-mediated responses were decreased in only prenatally hypoxic females. Our data suggest that prenatal hypoxia has long-term similar effects on the mechanisms of impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in coronary arteries from adult male and female offspring; however, coronary artery contractile capacity is impaired only in prenatally hypoxic females. Understanding the mechanistic pathways involved in the programming of CV disease may allow for the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Hula N, Vu J, Quon A, Kirschenman R, Spaans F, Liu R, Cooke CLM, Davidge ST. Sex-Specific Effects of Prenatal Hypoxia on the Cardiac Endothelin System in Adult Offspring. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H442-H450. [PMID: 35119336 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00636.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fetal hypoxia, a major consequence of complicated pregnancies, impairs offspring cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) insult, however, the mechanisms remain unknown. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) signaling through the endothelin A receptors (ETA) is associated with cardiac dysfunction. We hypothesized that prenatal hypoxia exacerbates cardiac susceptibility to I/R via increased ET-1 and ETA levels, while ETA inhibition ameliorates this. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (11% O2) on gestational days 15-21. Offspring were aged to 4 months, and hearts were aerobically perfused or subjected to ex vivo I/R, with or without pre-infusion with an ETA antagonist (ABT-627). ET-1 levels were assessed with ELISA in aerobically perfused and post-I/R left ventricles (LV). ETA and ETB levels were assessed by Western blotting in non-perfused LV. As hypothesized, ABT-627 infusion tended to improve post-I/R recovery in hypoxic females (p=0.0528), however, surprisingly, ABT-627 prevented post-I/R recovery only in the hypoxic males (p<0.001). ET-1 levels were increased in post-I/R LV in both sexes regardless of the prenatal exposure (p<0.01). ETA expression was similar among all groups, while ETB (isoform C) levels were decreased in prenatally hypoxic females (p<0.05). In prenatally hypoxic males, ETA signaling may be essential for tolerance to I/R, while in prenatally hypoxic females, ETA may contribute to cardiac dysfunction. Our data illustrate that understanding the prenatal history has critical implications for treatment strategies in adult chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Hula
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jennie Vu
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Anita Quon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Raven Kirschenman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Floor Spaans
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ricky Liu
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Christy-Lynn M Cooke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sandra T Davidge
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Wang J, Wang J, Li X, Hou W, Cao J, Feng J. Endothelial Dysfunction in a Cell Culture Model Exposed to Various Intermittent Hypoxia Modes. High Alt Med Biol 2020; 21:388-395. [PMID: 33090035 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2020.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Wang, Juan, Jiahui Wang, Xin Li, Wanju Hou, Jie Cao, and Jing Feng. Endothelial dysfunction in a cell culture model exposed to various intermittent hypoxia modes. High Alt Med Biol. 21:388-395, 2020. Objective: To construct an in vitro model of endothelial cells exposed to various intermittent hypoxia (IH) modes, and determine whether different frequencies and degrees can cause different effects on endothelial cells. Methods: EA.hy926 cells were used to set up the cell model. A program-controlled gas delivery system was designed to regulate the flow of premixed air into the cell culture chamber. The cells were divided into eight groups exposed to various IH modes: standard cell culture group, intermittent normoxia (IN) group (21% O2 15 seconds/21% O2 3 minutes 45 seconds for 12 cycles/h), IH1 group (1.5% O2 15 seconds/21% O2 8 minutes 15 seconds for 6.32 cycles/h), IH2 group (1.5% O2 15 seconds/21% O2 5 minutes 15 seconds for 9.23 cycles/h), IH3 group (1.5% O2 15 seconds/21% O2 3 minutes 45 seconds for 12 cycles/h), IH4 group (1.5% O2 15 seconds/21% O2 1 minute 45 seconds for 20 cycles/h), IH5 group (1.5% O2 15 seconds/21% O2 15 seconds for 40 cycles/h), and IH6 group (10% O2 15 seconds/21% O2 3 minutes 45 seconds for 12 cycles/h). Results: Nuclear factor κB (NFκB) p65, c-fos, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), malondialdehyde (MDA), and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were higher in the IH3 group or IH6 group than those in IN group, and they were much higher in IH3 group than those in IH6 group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) were the opposite results. In IH1, IH2, IH3, IH4, and IH5 groups, the frequencies increased gradually. NFκB p65, TNFα, and c-fos were the highest in IH3 group. MDA and ET-1 were the highest in IH2 group. SOD and NO were the lowest in IH2 group. Conclusions: Different IH frequencies and degrees could cause different effects on endothelial cells. The endothelial responses varied with the duration of reoxygenation. So, the duration of reoxygenation was the key phase for endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Respiratory Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Respiratory Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Respiratory Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wanju Hou
- Respiratory Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Respiratory Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Respiratory Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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França GDO, Frantz EDC, Magliano DC, Bargut TCL, Sepúlveda-Fragoso V, Silvares RR, Daliry A, Nascimento ARD, Borges JP. Effects of short-term high-intensity interval and continuous exercise training on body composition and cardiac function in obese sarcopenic rats. Life Sci 2020; 256:117920. [PMID: 32522571 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM We investigated the effects of high-intensity interval and continuous short-term exercise on body composition and cardiac function after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in obese rats. METHODS Rats fed with a standard chow diet (SC) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks underwent systolic blood pressure (SBP), glycemia and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry analyses. Then, animals fed with HFD were subdivided into three groups: sedentary (HFD-SED); moderate-intensity continuous training (HFD-MICT); and high-intensity interval training (HFD-HIIT). Exercised groups underwent four isocaloric aerobic exercise sessions, in which HFD-MICT maintained the intensity continuously and HFD-HIIT alternated it. After exercise sessions, all groups underwent global IRI and myocardial infarct size (IS) was determined histologically. Fat and muscle mass were weighted, and protein levels involved in muscle metabolism were assessed in skeletal muscle. RESULTS HFD-fed versus SC-fed rats reduced lean body mass by 31% (P < 0.001), while SBP, glycemia and body fat percentage were increased by 10% (P = 0.04), 30% (P = 0.006) and 54% (P < 0.001); respectively. HFD-induced muscle atrophy was restored in exercised groups, as only HFD-SED presented lower gastrocnemius (32%; P = 0.001) and quadriceps mass (62%; P < 0.001) than SC. PGC1-α expression was 2.7-fold higher in HFD-HIIT versus HFD-SED (P = 0.04), whereas HFD-HIIT and HFD-MICT exhibited 1.7-fold increase in p-mTORSer2481 levels compared to HFD-SED (P = 0.04). Although no difference was detected among groups for IS (P = 0.30), only HFD-HIIT preserved left-ventricle developed pressure after IRI (+0.7 mmHg; P = 0.9). SIGNIFICANCE Short-term exercise, continuous or HIIT, restored HFD-induced muscle atrophy and increased mTOR expression, but only HIIT maintained myocardial contractility following IRI in obese animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme de Oliveira França
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliete Dalla Corte Frantz
- Laboratory of Morphological and Metabolic Analyses, Department of Morphology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology - INCT (In)activity and Exercise, CNPq - Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; Department of Morphology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - D'Angelo Carlo Magliano
- Laboratory of Morphological and Metabolic Analyses, Department of Morphology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Vinicius Sepúlveda-Fragoso
- Laboratory of Morphological and Metabolic Analyses, Department of Morphology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raquel Rangel Silvares
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anissa Daliry
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Pereira Borges
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Idris I, Sinrang AW, Arsyad A, Alwi S, Sandira MI. The rise of circulatory endothelin (ET)-1 and endothelin receptors (ET A, ET B) expression in kidney of obese wistar rat. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 11:31-35. [PMID: 31149325 PMCID: PMC6526386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelin (ET)-1, a circulatory protein, and its receptors (ETA and ETB) in various organs were reported to play a pivotal role in many diseases, including obesity. However, the changes of ETA and ETB expression in ventricle and kidney in obesity was less reported. The study is designed to observe the level of circulatory ET-1 and expression of ETA/ETB in ventricle and kidney of obese, as compared to non-obese, Wistar rats. METHODS Groups of obese 14 and 34 weeks Wistar rats were compared to non-obese controls at similar ages. The obesity status was achieved by feeding the with high calories protein diet CP 551 + milk powder, while the control group was fed with a standard calorie protein AD II diet. The concentration of circulatory ET-1, ETA and ETB of ventricle and kidney were measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique after the termination of both groups at 14th and 24th weeks. RESULTS The level of circulatory ET-1, expression of ETA and ETB in kidney, and LDL of obese rats were significantly higher than control rats (T-Test, P<0.05) in the elder groups, while no differences of the ETA and ETB were found in the ventricle. No differences of the levels of circulatory ET-1, ETA and ETB expression were found between obese and control groups of younger rats (P>0.05). HDL levels were under normal value for both groups. CONCLUSION Obesity in elder obese rats leads to dysregulation of kidney vessels through activity of ET-1 and ETA/ETB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Idris
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Hasanuddin University Indonesia
| | | | - Aryadi Arsyad
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Hasanuddin University Indonesia
| | - Syafrudin Alwi
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Hasanuddin University Indonesia
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Lin G, Chen Q, Huang J, Chen L, Lin T, Lin Q. Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on endothelin-1 in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 276:623-630. [PMID: 30511103 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-018-5225-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is related to endothelin-1 (ET-1). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective therapy for OSA. However, the effectiveness of CPAP on ET-1 levels in patients with OSA yielded contradictory results. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effect of CPAP on ET-1 levels in OSA. METHODS The Embase, and Cochrane Library and PubMed were searched before March, 2018. The overall effects were measured by the standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Ten studies were included and the meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 14.0. RESULTS 10 studies involving 375 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The result showed that there was a significant reduction in ET-1 levels in OSA patients before and after CPAP therapy (SMD = - 0.74, 95% CI = - 1.30 to - 0.17, z = 2.56, p = 0.01). Further, subgroup analysis demonstrated that Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), CPAP therapy duration, and sample size also affected CPAP therapy. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis indicated that CPAP treatment among OSA patients was significantly was related to a decrease in ET-1 levels. Further prospective long-term studies with a larger number of patients are needed to evaluate and clarify this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofu Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujian Provincial, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Sleep-disordered Breathing Clinic Center, Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO 20, Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingshi Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujian Provincial, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Sleep-disordered Breathing Clinic Center, Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO 20, Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiefeng Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujian Provincial, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Sleep-disordered Breathing Clinic Center, Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO 20, Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lida Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujian Provincial, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Sleep-disordered Breathing Clinic Center, Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO 20, Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujian Provincial, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Sleep-disordered Breathing Clinic Center, Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO 20, Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qichang Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujian Provincial, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Sleep-disordered Breathing Clinic Center, Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO 20, Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang M, Gu WW, Hong XY. Involvement of Endothelin 1 in Remote Preconditioning-Induced Cardioprotection through connexin 43 and Akt/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10941. [PMID: 30026513 PMCID: PMC6053397 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29196-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to explore the role of endothelins in remote preconditioning (RP)-induced myocardial protection in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. RP stimulus was given by subjecting hind limb to four cycles of ischemia and reperfuion (5 minutes each) using blood pressure cuff in male rats. Following RP, hearts were isolated and subjected to 30 minutes of ischemia and 120 minutes of reperfusion on Langendorff apparatus. The extent of myocardial injury was determined by measuring the levels of LDH-1, CK-MB and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) in coronary effluent; caspase-3 activity and Bcl 2 expression in heart (apoptosis); infarct size by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride and contractility parameters including left ventricular developed pressure, dp/dtmax dp/dtmin and heart rate. RP reduced ischemia reperfusion-induced myocardial injury, increased the levels of endothelin 1 (in blood), Akt-P, GSK-3β-P and P-connexin 43 (in hearts). Pretreatment with ETA receptor antagonist, BQ 123 (1 and 2 mg/kg), ETB receptor antagonist, BQ 788 (1 and 3 mg/kg) and dual inhibitor of ETA and ETB receptor, bonsentan (25 and 50 mg/kg) abolished these effects of RP. However, the effects of bonsentan were more pronounced in comparison to BQ 123 and BQ 788. It is concluded that RP stimulus may release endothelin 1 in the blood, which may activate myocardial ETA and ETB receptors to trigger cardioprotection through connexin 43 and Akt/GSK-3β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 XianTaiStreet, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Wei Wei Gu
- Hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 XianTaiStreet, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Xing Yu Hong
- Vascular surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 XianTai Street, Changchun, 130033, China.
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HONDA J, KIMURA T, SAKAI S, MARUYAMA H, TAJIRI K, MURAKOSHI N, HOMMA S, MIYAUCHI T, AONUMA K. The Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Liraglutide Improves Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Mice Partly via Normalization of Reduced ETB Receptor Expression. Physiol Res 2018; 67:S175-S184. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist liraglutide is an incretin hormone mimetic used in the treatment of diabetes. However, the effects of liraglutide on pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary endothelin (ET) system are unknown. Eight-week-old C57BL6/J mice were injected liraglutide or vehicle for 5 weeks. One week after injection, the mice were exposed to either room air (normoxia) or chronic hypoxia (10 % O2) for 4 weeks. The right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was significantly higher in hypoxia + vehicle group than in normoxia + vehicle group. ET-1 mRNA expression in the lungs was comparable among all the groups. ETB mRNA and protein expression in the lungs was significantly lower in hypoxia + vehicle group than in normoxia + vehicle group. The above changes were normalized by liraglutide treatment. The expression of phospho-eNOS and phospho-AMPK proteins in the lungs was significantly higher in hypoxia + liraglutide group than in normoxia + vehicle group. We demonstrated for the first time that liraglutide effectively improved RVSP and RV hypertrophy in hypoxia-induced PH mice by activating eNOS through normalization of impaired ETB pathway and augmentation of AMPK pathway. Therefore, GLP-1R agonists can be promising therapeutic agents for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T. KIMURA
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Wu Y, Ruan Y, Shen L, Gong Q. Protective effects of PPAR-γ against pregnancy-induced hypertension by differential ETR expression in rat models. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:3118-3128. [PMID: 29058764 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of PPAR-γ on rats with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) by regulating endothelin receptor (ETR). A total of 60 pregnant Wistar rats were selected, and 50 rats were used to establish endotoxin induced PIH rat models. Rats were equally assigned into PIH-NS, PIH-5 mg/kg RM, PIH-10 mg/kg RM, PIH-100 mg/kg ETR, and PIH-200 mg/kg ETR groups, and the rest 10 rats were assigned to a the control group. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting were used for determining mRNA and protein expressions of PPAR-γ and ETA R, respectively. Protein expression of ET-1 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results show that On the 22nd day of pregnancy, compared with the PIH-NS group, SBP decreased in other groups, and platelet concentration increased most significantly in the PIH-10 mg/kg RM and PIH-200 mg/kg ETR groups. Compared with the control, PIH-10 mg/kg RM and PIH-200 mg/kg ETR groups, the increase in the expression of ET-1 and ETA R was most significant in the PIH-NS group. Compared with the control and PIH-10 mg/kg RM groups, expression of PPAR-γ was lower in the PIH-NS, PIH-5 mg/kg RM, PIH-100 mg/kg ETR, and PIH-200 mg/kg ETR groups. Compared with the PIH-NS, PIH-100 mg/kg ETR and PIH-200 mg/kg ETR groups, PPAR-γ expression was significantly higher in the PIH-5 mg/kg RM group (all P < 0.05). Based on our findings, we conclude that PPAR-γ activation inhibits ETR expression and reduces the effect of ET-1 on vascular contraction thereby delaying PIH progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yan Ruan
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qing Gong
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
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Wang JW, Li AY, Guo QH, Guo YJ, Weiss JW, Ji ES. Endothelin-1 and ET receptors impair left ventricular function by mediated coronary arteries dysfunction in chronic intermittent hypoxia rats. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:5/1/e13050. [PMID: 28057852 PMCID: PMC5256153 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) results in cardiac dysfunction and vascular endothelium injury. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), the main characteristic of OSAS, is considered to be mainly responsible for cardiovascular system impairment. This study is aimed to evaluate the role of endothelin‐1(ET‐1) system in coronary injury and cardiac dysfunction in CIH rats. In our study, Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to CIH (FiO2 9% for 1.5 min, repeated every 3 min for 8 h/d, 7 days/week for 3 weeks). After 3 weeks, the left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and coronary resistance (CR) were measured with the langendorff mode in isolated hearts. Meanwhile, expressions of ET‐1 and ET receptors were detected by immunohistochemical and western blot, histological changes were also observed to determine effects of CIH on coronary endothelial cells. Results suggested that decreased LVDP level combined with augmented coronary resistance was exist in CIH rats. CIH could induce endothelial injury and endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation dysfunction in the coronary arteries. Furthermore, ET‐1 and ETA receptor expressions in coronary vessels were increased after CIH exposure, whereas ETB receptors expression was decreased. Coronary contractile response to ET‐1 in both normoxia and CIH rats was inhibited by ETA receptor antagonist BQ123. However, ETB receptor antagonist BQ788 enhanced ET‐1‐induced contractile in normoxia group, but had no significant effects on CIH group. These results indicate that CIH‐induced cardiac dysfunction may be associated with coronary injury. ET‐1 plays an important role in coronary pathogenesis of CIH through ETA receptor by mediating a potent vasoconstrictor response. Moreover, decreased ETB receptor expression that leads to endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation decline, might be also participated in coronary and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wei Wang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ai-Ying Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ya-Jing Guo
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - James W Weiss
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - En-Sheng Ji
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Campillo N, Falcones B, Montserrat JM, Gozal D, Obeso A, Gallego-Martin T, Navajas D, Almendros I, Farré R. Frequency and magnitude of intermittent hypoxia modulate endothelial wound healing in a cell culture model of sleep apnea. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017. [PMID: 28642292 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00077.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) has been implicated in the cardiovascular consequences of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the lack of suitable experimental systems has precluded assessment as to whether IH is detrimental, protective, or both for the endothelium. The aim of the work was to determine the effects of frequency and amplitude of IH oxygenation swings on aortic endothelial wound healing. Monolayers of human primary endothelial cells were wounded and subjected to constant oxygenation (1%, 4%, 13%, or 20% O2) or IH at different frequencies (0.6, 6, or 60 cycles/h) and magnitude ranges (13-4% O2 or 20-1% O2), using a novel well-controlled system, with wound healing being measured after 24 h. Cell monolayer repair was similar at 20% O2 and 13% O2, but was considerably increased (approximately twofold) in constant hypoxia at 4% O2 The magnitude and frequency of IH considerably modulated wound healing. Cycles ranging 13-4% O2 at the lowest frequency (0.6 cycles/h) accelerated endothelial wound healing by 102%. However, for IH exposures consisting of 20% to 1% O2 oscillations, wound closure was reduced compared with oscillation in the 13-4% range (by 74% and 44% at 6 cycles/h and 0.6 cycles/h, respectively). High-frequency IH patterns simulating severe OSA (60 cycles/h) did not significantly modify endothelial wound closure, regardless of the oxygenation cycle amplitude. In conclusion, the frequency and magnitude of hypoxia cycling in IH markedly alter wound healing responses and emerge as key factors determining how cells will respond in OSA.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Intermittent hypoxia (IH) induces cardiovascular consequences in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. However, the vast array of frequencies and severities of IH previously employed in OSA-related experimental studies has led to controversial results on the effects of IH. By employing an optimized IH experimental system here, we provide evidence that the frequency and magnitude of IH markedly alter human aortic endothelial wound healing, emerging as key factors determining how cells respond in OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Campillo
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bryan Falcones
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep M Montserrat
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Sleep Lab, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Gozal
- Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ana Obeso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, El Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Teresa Gallego-Martin
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, El Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
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