1
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Vance SA, Kim YH, George IJ, Dye JA, Williams WC, Schladweiler MJ, Gilmour MI, Jaspers I, Gavett SH. Contributions of particulate and gas phases of simulated burn pit smoke exposures to impairment of respiratory function. Inhal Toxicol 2023; 35:129-138. [PMID: 36692431 PMCID: PMC10392891 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2023.2169416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inhalation of smoke from the burning of waste materials on military bases is associated with increased incidences of cardiopulmonary diseases. This study examined the respiratory and inflammatory effects of acute inhalation exposures in mice to smoke generated by military burn pit-related materials including plywood (PW), cardboard (CB), mixed plastics (PL), and a mixture of these three materials (MX) under smoldering (0.84 MCE) and flaming (0.97 MCE) burn conditions. METHODS Mice were exposed nose-only for one hour on two consecutive days to whole or filtered smoke or clean air alone. Smoldering combustion emissions had greater concentrations of PM (∼40 mg/m3) and VOCs (∼5-12 ppmv) than flaming emissions (∼4 mg/m3 and ∼1-2 ppmv, respectively); filtered emissions had equivalent levels of VOCs with negligible PM. Breathing parameters were assessed during exposure by head-out plethysmography. RESULTS All four smoldering burn pit emission types reduced breathing frequency (F) and minute volumes (MV) compared with baseline exposures to clean air, and HEPA filtration significantly reduced the effects of all smoldering materials except CB. Flaming emissions had significantly less suppression of F and MV compared with smoldering conditions. No acute effects on lung inflammatory cells, cytokines, lung injury markers, or hematology parameters were noted in smoke-exposed mice compared with air controls, likely due to reduced respiration and upper respiratory scrubbing to reduce the total deposited PM dose in this short-term exposure. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that material and combustion type influences respiratory responses to burn pit combustion emissions. Furthermore, PM filtration provides significant protective effects only for certain material types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A. Vance
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Yong Ho Kim
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Ingrid J. George
- Air Methods and Characterization Division, Center for Environmental Measurements and Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Janice A. Dye
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Wanda C. Williams
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Mette J. Schladweiler
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - M. Ian Gilmour
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Ilona Jaspers
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Stephen H. Gavett
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
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2
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Zou B, Cao C, Fu Y, Pan D, Wang W, Kong L. Berberine Alleviates Gastroesophageal Reflux-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness in a Transient Receptor Potential A1-Dependent Manner. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:7464147. [PMID: 35586690 PMCID: PMC9110152 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7464147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the beneficial effect of berberine on gastroesophageal reflux-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (GERAHR) and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS Coword cluster analysis and strategic coordinates were used to identify hotspots for GERAHR research, and an online tool (STRING, https://string-db.org/) was used to predict the potential relationships between proteins. Guinea pigs with chemically induced GERAHR received PBS or different berberine-based treatments to evaluate the therapeutic effect of berberine and characterize the underlying mechanism. Airway responsiveness was assessed using a plethysmography system, and protein expression was evaluated by western blotting, immunohistochemical staining, and quantitative PCR analysis. RESULTS Bioinformatics analyses revealed that TRP channels are hotspots of GERAHR research, and TRPA1 is related to the proinflammatory neuropeptide substance P (SP). Berberine, especially at the middle dose tested (MB, 150 mg/kg), significantly improved lung function, suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration, and protected inflammation-driven tissue damage in the lung, trachea, esophagus, and nerve tissues in GERAHR guinea pigs. MB reduced the expression of TRPA1, SP, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in evaluated organs and tissues. Meanwhile, the MB-mediated protective effects were attenuated by simultaneous TRPA1 activation. CONCLUSIONS Mechanistically, berberine was found to suppress GERAHR-induced upregulation of TRPA1, SP, and TNF-α in many tissues. Our study has highlighted the potential therapeutic value of berberine for the treatment of GERAHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zou
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chaofan Cao
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yue Fu
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dianzhu Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lingfei Kong
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
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3
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Fang Z, Yi F, Peng Y, Zhang JJ, Zhang L, Deng Z, Chen F, Li C, He Y, Huang C, Zhang Q, Lai K, Xie J. Inhibition of TRPA1 reduces airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in mice with allergic rhinitis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21428. [PMID: 33774861 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902627r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate whether a transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) antagonist (HC-030031) can reduce airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in a murine allergic rhinitis (AR) model. BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin (OVA) to induce AR. HC-030031 or vehicle was administrated to mice via intraperitoneal injection prior to OVA challenges. Nose-scratching events, histopathologic alterations of the airways, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) were assessed. Differential cells and proinflammatory cytokines in the nasal lavage (NAL) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were measured. Expressions of TRPA1 in nasal mucosa were examined by immunohistochemistry. TRPA1-expressing vagal neurons were labeled by immunofluorescent staining. HC-030031-treated AR mice had markedly reduced type-2 inflammation in nasal mucosa and ameliorated-nose-scratching events than AR mice received vehicle. HC-030031 treatment also dramatically reduced leucocyte numbers and IL-8 level in the BAL fluid, inhibited lower airway remodeling and fibrosis, and nearly abolished BHR. HC-0300031 treatment significantly inhibited the upregulated number of TRPA1 expressing nasal epithelial cells and TRPA1 expressing sensory neurons, leading to downregulation of SP in both upper and lower airways. Targeting TRPA1 may represent a promising strategy for treating AR and AR-related asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangfu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Jim Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Global Health Institute, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Liting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fagui Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Chenhui Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yaowei He
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingling Zhang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kefang Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxing Xie
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Kashiwadani H, Higa Y, Sugimura M, Kuwaki T. Linalool odor-induced analgesia is triggered by TRPA1-independent pathway in mice. Behav Brain Funct 2021; 17:3. [PMID: 33902628 PMCID: PMC8077846 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-021-00176-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We had recently reported that linalool odor exposure induced significant analgesic effects in mice and that the effects were disappeared in olfactory-deprived mice in which the olfactory epithelium was damaged, thus indicating that the effects were triggered by chemical senses evoked by linalool odor exposure. However, the peripheral neuronal mechanisms, including linalool receptors that contribute toward triggering the linalool odor-induced analgesia, still remain unexplored. In vitro studies have shown that the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) responded to linalool, thus raising the possibility that TRPA1 expressed on the trigeminal nerve terminal detects linalool odor inhaled into the nostril and triggers the analgesic effects. To address this hypothesis, we measured the behavioral pain threshold for noxious mechanical stimulation in TRPA1-deficient mice. In contrast to our expectation, we found a significant increase in the threshold after linalool odor exposure in TRPA1-deficient mice, indicating the analgesic effects of linalool odor even in TRPA1-deficient mice. Furthermore, intranasal application of TRPA1 selective antagonist did not alter the analgesic effect of linalool odor. These results showed that the linalool odor-induced analgesia was triggered by a TRPA1-independent pathway in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Kashiwadani
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.
| | - Yurina Higa
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.,Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Sugimura
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kuwaki
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
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5
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Chen S, Takahashi N, Chen C, Pauli JL, Kuroki C, Kaminosono J, Kashiwadani H, Kanmura Y, Mori Y, Ou S, Hao L, Kuwaki T. Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Mediates Hypoxic Responses in Mice. Front Physiol 2020; 11:576209. [PMID: 33192579 PMCID: PMC7642990 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.576209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a non-selective cation channel that is broadly expressed in sensory pathways, such as the trigeminal and vagus nerves. It is capable of detecting various irritants in inspired gasses and is activated during hypoxia. In this study, the role of TRPA1 in hypoxia-induced behavioral, respiratory, and cardiovascular responses was examined through four lines of experiments using TRPA1 knockout (KO) mice and wild type (WT) littermates. First, KO mice showed significantly attenuated avoidance behavior in response to a low (15%) oxygen environment. Second, the wake-up response to a hypoxic ramp (from 21 to 10% O2 in 40 s) was measured using EEG electrodes. WT mice woke up within 30 s when oxygen was at 13–14%, but KO mice did not wake up until oxygen levels reached 10%. Histological analysis confirmed that mild (13% O2) hypoxia resulted in an attenuation of trigeminal neuronal activation in KO mice. Third, the ventilatory response to hypoxia was measured with whole body plethysmography. KO mice showed attenuated responses to mild hypoxia (15% O2) but not severe hypoxia (10% O2). Similar responses were observed in WT mice treated with the TRPA1 blocker, AP-18. These data clearly show that TRPA1 is necessary for multiple mild hypoxia (13–15% O2)-induced physiological responses. We propose that TRPA1 channels in the sensory pathways innervating the airway can detect hypoxic environments and prevent systemic and/or cellular hypoxia from occurring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichong Chen
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Nobuaki Takahashi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Changping Chen
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jordan L Pauli
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Chiharu Kuroki
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Jun Kaminosono
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Kashiwadani
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kanmura
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shaowu Ou
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liying Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tomoyuki Kuwaki
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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6
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Vijayaraghavan R, Deb U, Gutch PK. Effect of dibenz(b,f)-1,4-oxazepine aerosol on the breathing pattern and respiratory variables by continuous recording and analysis in unanaesthetised mice. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:1121-1126. [PMID: 32953463 PMCID: PMC7486425 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dibenz (b,f)-1,4-oxazepine (CR) is a riot control agent. Respiratory variables and breathing pattern were recorded continuously in mice. CR produced concentration dependent sensory irritation without pulmonary irritation. Concentrations below 158.2 mg/m3 showed recovery to normal breathing. Study shows CR causes sensory irritation only and may not cause lung injury.
A riot control agent has to be a sensory irritant of a reversible type without pulmonary irritation as the later can cause lung injury. The aim of the present study is to continuously record and analyse breathing pattern and respiratory variables of dibenz (b,f)-1,4-oxazepine (CR) in unanaesthetised mice during and after exposure. The lowest concentration of 0.65 mg/m3 did not produce any effect on the breathing pattern. As high as 500 fold increase (315.9 mg/m3) in the concentration was used and no mortality was observed. CR produced a concentration dependent sensory irritation, without pulmonary irritation or airflow obstruction, showing that it may not cause any lung injury. The sensory irritation was initiated within 5 min of exposure due to the activation of TRPA1 receptors of the upper respiratory tract. Immediate recovery of normal breath without sensory irritation was observed in all the concentrations except the highest concentration of 315.9 mg/m3. Corresponding to the sensory irritation there was concentration dependent respiratory depression. The 50 percent respiratory depression (RD50) in this experiment was 152 mg/m3 and the estimated threshold limit value for occupational exposure was 4.56 mg/m3. The present study shows that CR causes sensory irritation only which is completely recoverable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Utsab Deb
- Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, 784001, India
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7
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Nick HJ, Rioux JS, Veress LA, Bratcher PE, Bloomquist LA, Anantharam P, Croutch CR, Tuttle RS, Peters E, Sosna W, White CW. Alleviation of methyl isocyanate-induced airway obstruction and mortality by tissue plasminogen activator. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1479:134-147. [PMID: 32233099 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Methyl isocyanate (MIC, "Bhopal agent") is a highly reactive, toxic industrial chemical. Inhalation of high levels (500-1000 ppm) of MIC vapor is almost uniformly fatal. No therapeutic interventions other than supportive care have been described that can delay the onset of illness or death due to MIC. Recently, we found that inhalation of MIC caused the appearance of activated tissue factor in circulation with subsequent activation of the coagulation cascade. Herein, we report that MIC exposure (500 ppm for 30 min, nose-only) caused deposition of fibrin-rich casts in the conducting airways resulting in respiratory failure and death within 24 h in a rat model (LC90-100 ). We thus investigated the effect of airway delivery of the fibrinolytic agent tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) on mortality and morbidity in this model. Intratracheal administration of tPA was initiated 11 h post MIC exposure and repeated every 4 h for the duration of the study. Treatment with tPA afforded nearly 60% survival at 24 h post MIC exposure and was associated with decreased airway fibrin casts, stabilization of hypoxemia and respiratory distress, and improved acidosis. This work supports the potential of airway-delivered tPA therapy as a useful countermeasure in stabilizing victims of high-level MIC exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi J Nick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jacqueline S Rioux
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Livia A Veress
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Preston E Bratcher
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.,Division of Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Leslie A Bloomquist
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carl W White
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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8
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Talavera K, Startek JB, Alvarez-Collazo J, Boonen B, Alpizar YA, Sanchez A, Naert R, Nilius B. Mammalian Transient Receptor Potential TRPA1 Channels: From Structure to Disease. Physiol Rev 2019; 100:725-803. [PMID: 31670612 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00005.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential ankyrin (TRPA) channels are Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channels remarkably conserved through the animal kingdom. Mammals have only one member, TRPA1, which is widely expressed in sensory neurons and in non-neuronal cells (such as epithelial cells and hair cells). TRPA1 owes its name to the presence of 14 ankyrin repeats located in the NH2 terminus of the channel, an unusual structural feature that may be relevant to its interactions with intracellular components. TRPA1 is primarily involved in the detection of an extremely wide variety of exogenous stimuli that may produce cellular damage. This includes a plethora of electrophilic compounds that interact with nucleophilic amino acid residues in the channel and many other chemically unrelated compounds whose only common feature seems to be their ability to partition in the plasma membrane. TRPA1 has been reported to be activated by cold, heat, and mechanical stimuli, and its function is modulated by multiple factors, including Ca2+, trace metals, pH, and reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and carbonyl species. TRPA1 is involved in acute and chronic pain as well as inflammation, plays key roles in the pathophysiology of nearly all organ systems, and is an attractive target for the treatment of related diseases. Here we review the current knowledge about the mammalian TRPA1 channel, linking its unique structure, widely tuned sensory properties, and complex regulation to its roles in multiple pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Justyna B Startek
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julio Alvarez-Collazo
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brett Boonen
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alicia Sanchez
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robbe Naert
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernd Nilius
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
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9
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Alavi MS, Shamsizadeh A, Karimi G, Roohbakhsh A. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1)-mediated toxicity: friend or foe? Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 30:1-18. [PMID: 31409172 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1652872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have been widely studied during the last decade. New studies uncover new features and potential applications for these channels. TRPA1 has a huge distribution all over the human body and has been reported to be involved in different physiological and pathological conditions including cold, pain, and damage sensation. Considering its role, many studies have been devoted to evaluating the role of this channel in the initiation and progression of different toxicities. Accordingly, we reviewed the most recent studies and divided the role of TRPA1 in toxicology into the following sections: neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, dermatotoxicity, and pulmonary toxicity. Acetaminophen, heavy metals, tear gases, various chemotherapeutic agents, acrolein, wood smoke particulate materials, particulate air pollution materials, diesel exhaust particles, cigarette smoke extracts, air born irritants, sulfur mustard, and plasticizers are selected compounds and materials with toxic effects that are, at least in part, mediated by TRPA1. Considering the high safety of TRPA1 antagonists and their efficacy to resolve selected toxic or adverse drug reactions, the future of these drugs looks promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Shamsizadeh
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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10
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Ikoma Y, Kusumoto-Yoshida I, Yamanaka A, Ootsuka Y, Kuwaki T. Inactivation of Serotonergic Neurons in the Rostral Medullary Raphé Attenuates Stress-Induced Tachypnea and Tachycardia in Mice. Front Physiol 2018; 9:832. [PMID: 30050449 PMCID: PMC6050454 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The medullary raphé nuclei are involved in controlling cardiovascular, respiratory, and thermoregulatory functions, as well as mediating stress-induced tachycardia and hyperthermia. Although the serotonergic system of the medullary raphé has been suggested as the responsible entity, specific evidence has been insufficient. In the present study, we tested this possibility by utilizing an optogenetic approach. We used genetically modified mice [tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2); archaerhodopsin-T (ArchT) mice] in which ArchT, a green light-driven neuronal silencer, was selectively expressed in serotonergic neurons under the regulation of Tph2 promoters. We first confirmed that an intruder stress selectively activated medullary, but not dorsal or median raphé serotonergic neurons. This activation was suppressed by photo-illumination via a pre-implanted optical fiber, as evidenced by the decrease of a cellular activation marker protein in the neurons. Next, we measured electro cardiogram (ECG), respiration, body temperature (BT), and locomotor activity in freely moving mice during intruder and cage-drop stress tests, with and without photo-illumination. In the intruder test, photo inactivation of the medullary serotonergic neurons significantly attenuated tachycardia (362 ± 58 vs. 564 ± 65 bpm.min, n = 19, p = 0.002) and tachypnea (94 ± 82 vs. 361 ± 138 cpm.min, n = 9, p = 0.026), but not hyperthermia (1.0 ± 0.1 vs. 1.0 ± 0.1°C.min, n = 19, p = 0.926) or hyperlocomotion (17 ± 4 vs. 22 ± 4, arbitrary, n = 19, p = 0.089). Similar results were obtained from cage-drop stress testing. Finally, photo-illumination did not affect the basal parameters of the resting condition. We conclude that a subpopulation of serotonergic neurons in the medullary raphé specifically mediate stress-induced tachypnea and tachycardia, which have little involvement in the basal determination of respiratory frequency (Res) and heart rate (HR), specifically mediate stress-induced tachycardia and tachypnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Ikoma
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ikue Kusumoto-Yoshida
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Youichirou Ootsuka
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Centre for Neuroscience, Discipline of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tomoyuki Kuwaki
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Inui K, Chen C, Pauli JL, Kuroki C, Tashiro S, Kanmura Y, Kashiwadani H, Kuwaki T. Nasal TRPA1 mediates irritant-induced bradypnea in mice. Physiol Rep 2017; 4:4/24/e13098. [PMID: 28039411 PMCID: PMC5210382 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a member of the TRP superfamily, exists in sensory neurons such as trigeminal neurons innervating the nasal cavity and vagal neurons innervating the trachea and the lung. Although TRPA1 has been proposed as an irritant receptor that, when stimulated, triggers bradypnea, precise locations of the receptors responsible have not been elucidated. Here, we examined the relative importance of TRPA1 located in the upper airway (nasal) and the lower airway (trachea/lungs) in urethane-anesthetized mice. To stimulate the upper and lower airways separately, two cannulas were inserted through a hole made in the trachea just caudal to the thyroid cartilage, one into the nasal cavity and the second into the lower trachea. A vapor of one of the TRPA1-agonists, allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), was introduced by placing a piece of cotton paper soaked with AITC solution into the airline. AITC decreased the respiratory frequency when applied to the upper airway (ca -30%) but not to the lower airway (ca -5%). No response was observed in TRPA1 knockout mice. Contribution of the olfactory nerve seemed minimal because olfactory bulbectomized wild-type mice showed a similar response to that of the intact mice. AITC-induced bradypnea seemed to be mediated, at least in part, by the trigeminal nerve because trigeminal ganglion neurons were activated by AITC as revealed by an increase in the phosphorylated form of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the neurons. These data clearly show that trigeminal TRPA1 in the nasal cavity play an essential role in irritant-induced bradypnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Inui
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - ChangPing Chen
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Jordan L Pauli
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Chiharu Kuroki
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.,Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shogo Tashiro
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.,Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kanmura
- Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Kashiwadani
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kuwaki
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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