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Kobayashi Y, Kurokawa H, Tokinoya K, Matsui H. Monascus pigment prevent the oxidative cytotoxicity in myotube derived hydrogen peroxide. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2024; 75:33-39. [PMID: 39070528 PMCID: PMC11273274 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.22-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The amounts of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) become higher by strenuous exercises which consume larger amounts of oxygen in active muscles. Since these ROS directly injured muscles, the high ROS concentration involves muscle fatigue. Thus, an immediate ROS scavenging system in the muscle is desired. Since Monascus pigment (MP) involves physiologically active substances which scavenge ROS, it may be a clue to save the muscle injury. However, there are no reports examining MP effects on oxidative stress in skeletal muscle. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of MP on skeletal muscle cells damaged by oxidative stress. The ability to directly eliminate ROS was evaluated by mixing MP solutions with •OH and O2 •-, a type of ROS. The effect of peroxidation in C2C12 cells was evaluated by cell viability assay and Western blotting. MP scavenges •OH and O2 •-. MP treatment increases the survival rate under oxidative stress. At that time, the expression of catalase was increased: the enzyme change H2O2 into H2O to rescue the cells under oxidative stress. We conclude that monascus pigment suppressed myotube damage under oxidative stress by both non-enzymatic ROS scavenging and up-regulation of catalase expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusei Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho-minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kurokawa
- Algae Biomass Energy System R&D Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Tokinoya
- Doctoral Program in Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Embodied Wisdom Division, Center for Liberal Education and Learning, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Matsui
- Algae Biomass Energy System R&D Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
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Chen X, Ji Y, Liu R, Zhu X, Wang K, Yang X, Liu B, Gao Z, Huang Y, Shen Y, Liu H, Sun H. Mitochondrial dysfunction: roles in skeletal muscle atrophy. J Transl Med 2023; 21:503. [PMID: 37495991 PMCID: PMC10373380 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04369-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play important roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis and skeletal muscle health, and damage to mitochondria can lead to a series of pathophysiological changes. Mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to skeletal muscle atrophy, and its molecular mechanism leading to skeletal muscle atrophy is complex. Understanding the pathogenesis of mitochondrial dysfunction is useful for the prevention and treatment of skeletal muscle atrophy, and finding drugs and methods to target and modulate mitochondrial function are urgent tasks in the prevention and treatment of skeletal muscle atrophy. In this review, we first discussed the roles of normal mitochondria in skeletal muscle. Importantly, we described the effect of mitochondrial dysfunction on skeletal muscle atrophy and the molecular mechanisms involved. Furthermore, the regulatory roles of different signaling pathways (AMPK-SIRT1-PGC-1α, IGF-1-PI3K-Akt-mTOR, FoxOs, JAK-STAT3, TGF-β-Smad2/3 and NF-κB pathways, etc.) and the roles of mitochondrial factors were investigated in mitochondrial dysfunction. Next, we analyzed the manifestations of mitochondrial dysfunction in muscle atrophy caused by different diseases. Finally, we summarized the preventive and therapeutic effects of targeted regulation of mitochondrial function on skeletal muscle atrophy, including drug therapy, exercise and diet, gene therapy, stem cell therapy and physical therapy. This review is of great significance for the holistic understanding of the important role of mitochondria in skeletal muscle, which is helpful for researchers to further understanding the molecular regulatory mechanism of skeletal muscle atrophy, and has an important inspiring role for the development of therapeutic strategies for muscle atrophy targeting mitochondria in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xucheng Zhu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Boya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuntian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 55 Ninghai Middle Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hualin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Uemichi K, Shirai T, Matsuno R, Iwata T, Tanimura R, Takemasa T. The role of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 in the regulation of mitochondrial adaptation during skeletal muscle atrophy under denervation or calorie restriction in mice. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2023; 48:241-255. [PMID: 36786420 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2022-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a protein complex that regulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis and hypertrophy. mTORC1-mediated signaling activities are activated during denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and suppressed during calorie restriction-induced atrophy. Mitochondria control the qualitative plasticity of skeletal muscles primarily through biogenesis, fusion, and fission. We recently showed that mTORC1 activation contributes toward mitochondrial homeostasis. In this study, we examined the role of mTORC1 in mitochondrial adaptation during denervation- or calorie restriction-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Seven-week-old Institute of Cancer Research mice were subjected to 14 days of denervation or calorie restriction combined with the administration of the mTORC1 inhibitor-"rapamycin". Our results showed that although mTORC1 inhibition did not alter mitochondrial biogenesis, content and enzyme activity, it suppressed the activation of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a mitochondrial fission-related protein in denervated muscle, and reduced DRP1 expression in calorie-restricted muscle. Furthermore, calorie restriction-induced mitochondrial fragmentation was partially suppressed by mTORC1 inhibition. Taken together, our results indicate that mTORC1 activation upon denervation and inhibition upon calorie restriction contributes to qualitative changes in muscle plasticity by at least partially regulating the mitochondrial fission response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Uemichi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takanaga Shirai
- Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Matsuno
- School of Physical Education, Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Terumo Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iwata
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Riku Tanimura
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tohru Takemasa
- Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Genome Editing to Abrogate Muscle Atrophy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1396:157-176. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-5642-3_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Yin L, Li N, Jia W, Wang N, Liang M, Shang J, Qiang G, Du G, Yang X. Urotensin receptor acts as a novel target for ameliorating fasting-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106468. [PMID: 36167277 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin receptor (UT) is a G-protein-coupled receptor, whose endogenous ligand is urotensin-II (U-II). Skeletal muscle mass is regulated by various conditions, such as nutritional status, exercise, and diseases. Previous studies have pointed out that the urotensinergic system is involved in skeletal muscle metabolism and function, but its mechanism remains unclear, especially given the lack of research on the effect and mechanism of fasting. In this study, UT receptor knockout mice were generated to evaluate whether UT has effects on fasting induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Furthermore, the UT antagonist palosuran (3, 10, 30mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered daily for 5 days to clarify the therapeutic effect of UT antagonism. Our results found the mice that fasted for 48hours exhibited skeletal muscle atrophy, accompanied by enhanced U-II levels in both skeletal muscles and blood. UT receptor knockout effectively prevented fasting-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. The UT antagonist ameliorated fasting-induced muscle atrophy in mice as determined by increased muscle strengths, weights, and muscle fiber areas (including fast, slow, and mixed types). In addition, the UT antagonist reduced skeletal muscle atrophic markers, including F-box only protein 32 (FBXO32) and tripartite motif containing 63 (TRIM63). Moreover, the UT antagonist was also observed to enhance PI3K/AKT/mTOR while inhibiting autophagy signaling. In summary, our study provides the first evidence that UT antagonism may represent a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of fasting-induced skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yin
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences,Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Na Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weihua Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Nuoqi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Meidai Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiamin Shang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guifen Qiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Xiuying Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Aoki K, Yanazawa K, Tokinoya K, Sugasawa T, Suzuki T, Yoshida Y, Nakano T, Omi N, Kawakami Y, Takekoshi K. Renalase is localized to the small intestine crypt and expressed upon the activation of NF-κB p65 in mice model of fasting-induced oxidative stress. Life Sci 2020; 267:118904. [PMID: 33338501 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Renalase expression is regulated by Nuclear Factor (NF)-κB and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α, and antioxidative stress function in renal cells were reported. However, dynamics of renalase and localizes in intestine were remain unknown. We evaluated the effects of oxidative stress on renalase expression and localization using model of fasting induced oxidative stress and Caco-2 cell, and examined the its physiological effects. MAIN METHODS 24 male mice were divided into three groups: Control (Con), 72 h fasting (Fast), and 24 h refeeding after fasting (Refeed). Jejunum and ileum were collected respectively. The structure of jejunum and ileum were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain. The expression levels of carbonylated protein, renalase, NF-κB p65 and HIF-1α were measured by immunoblotting. Localization of renalase was observed by immunofluorescent. in vitro assay was performed using Caco-2 cell. Renalase was overexpressed using adenovirus. After that, Caco-2 cell was treated with 2 mM H2O2 for 30 min or 24 h. KEY FINDINGS Renalase was increased in Fast and it was localized in crypt. HIF-1α did not increase, but NF-κB p65 increased in Fast. Renalase overexpression protects the Caco-2 cells against H2O2 induced oxidative stress. SIGNIFICANCE Renalase was localized in crypt and increased in Fast. This increase suggested protect response to oxidative stress because undifferenced cells were localized in crypt and need to be protected. Actually, renalase protected Caco-2 cells against H2O2 induced oxidative stress. Small intestinal renalase expression was regulated by NF-κB p65 and was considered to be a defense mechanism against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Aoki
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Koki Yanazawa
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Tokinoya
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Takehito Sugasawa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Tera-machi Nishiiru, Imadegawa-dori, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-0893, Japan
| | - Yasuko Yoshida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tsukuba International University, 6-20-1 Manabe, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki 300-0051, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakano
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Naomi Omi
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kawakami
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Takekoshi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
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High Salt Diet Impacts the Risk of Sarcopenia Associated with Reduction of Skeletal Muscle Performance in the Japanese Population. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113474. [PMID: 33198295 PMCID: PMC7696631 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization has recommended 5 g/day as dietary reference intakes for salt. In Japan, the averages for men and women were 11.0 g/day and 9.3 g/day, respectively. Recently, it was reported that amounts of sodium accumulation in skeletal muscles of older people were significantly higher than those in younger people. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the risk of sarcopenia with decreased muscle mass and strength was related to the amount of salt intake. In addition, we investigated its involvement with renalase. Four groups based on age and salt intake ("younger low-salt," "younger high-salt," "older low-salt," and "older high-salt") were compared. Stratifying by age category, body fat percentage significantly increased in high-salt groups in both younger and older people. Handgrip strength/body weight and chair rise tests of the older high-salt group showed significant reduction compared to the older low-salt group. However, there was no significant difference in renalase concentrations in plasma. The results suggest that high-salt intake may lead to fat accumulation and muscle weakness associated with sarcopenia. Therefore, efforts to reduce salt intake may prevent sarcopenia.
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