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Hassani S, Mohammadi Shahboulagi F, Foroughan M, Nadji SA, Tabarsi P, Ghaedamini Harouni G. Factors Associated with Medication Adherence in Elderly Individuals with Tuberculosis: A Qualitative Study. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2023; 2023:4056548. [PMID: 36937803 PMCID: PMC10017217 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4056548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Methods This qualitative study was conducted in two phases, using an integrative literature review and individual interviews. Studies were gathered without time restriction from MEDLINE databases, Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), Google Scholar, Scopus, and EMBASE, as well as national databases, including Scientific Information Database and Magiran. The findings of 38 studies that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed through the conventional content analysis method based on the ecological approach. After reviewing and forming the data matrix, purposive sampling was performed among healthcare professionals, elderly tuberculosis patients aged 60 and over, and family caregivers of elderly patients to conduct individual interviews. Data obtained from 20 interviews were analyzed using the directed content analysis method. After coding, the data from individual interviews were entered based on similarity and difference in the categories of data matrix obtained from the literature review. Results In general, the aforementioned codes were placed in four main categories, including individual factors (i.e., biological factors, affective-emotional factors, behavioral factors, cognitive factors, tuberculosis-related factors, and economic factors), interpersonal factors (i.e., patient's relationship with treatment team and family-related factors), factors related to healthcare service provider centers (i.e., medical centers' facilities and capacity building in healthcare service provider), and extraorganizational factors (i.e., social factors and health policymaking). Conclusion The results of this study showed that medication adherence in elderly patients with tuberculosis was a complex and multidimensional phenomenon. Therefore, society, policymakers, and healthcare providers should scrutinize the factors affecting medication adherence in this group of patients to plan and implement more effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Hassani
- 1Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahboulagi
- 2Iranian Research Center on Aging, Nursing Department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Foroughan
- 1Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Alireza Nadji
- 3Virology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Tabarsi
- 4Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Ghaedamini Harouni
- 5Social Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran
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Ahmad T, Jadoon MA, Khan M, Haroon, Khan MM, Hussain A, Musa TH, Waqar M, Ejeta E, Karami M, Alene KA, Jin H. Treatment outcomes of patients with tuberculosis in war affected region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:463. [PMID: 32611409 PMCID: PMC7329461 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05184-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious disease. TB treatment outcome is an important indicator for the effectiveness of a national TB control program. This study aimed to assess treatment outcomes of TB patients and its determinants in Batkhela, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Methods A retrospective cohort study was designed using all TB patients who were enrolled at District Head Quarter (DHQ) Hospital Batkhela, Pakistan, from January 2011 to December 2014. A binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with successful TB treatment outcomes defined as the sum of cure and completed treatment. Results A total of 515 TB patients were registered, of which 237 (46%) were males and 278 (53.98%) females. Of all patients, 234 (45.44%) were cured and 210 (40.77%) completed treatment. The overall treatment success rate was 444 (86.21%). Age 0–20 years (adjusted odds ratio, AOR = 3.47; 95% confidence interval, CI) = 1.54–7.81; P = 0.003), smear-positive pulmonary TB (AOR) = 3.58; 95% CI = 1.89–6.78; P = < 0.001), treatment category (AOR = 4.71; 95% CI = 1.17–18.97; P = 0.029), and year of enrollment 2012 (AOR = 6.26; 95% CI = 2.52–15.59; P = < 0.001) were significantly associated with successful treatment outcome. Conclusions The overall treatment success rate is satisfactory but still need to be improved to achieve the international targeted treatment outcome. Type of TB, age, treatment category, and year of enrollment were significantly associated with successful treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauseef Ahmad
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China. .,Department of Microbiology, Hazara University Mansehra, Dhodial, 21300, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ayub Jadoon
- Department of Microbiology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology Abbottabad, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Human Genetics, Hazara University Mansehra, Dhodial, 21300, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
| | - Haroon
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, 710069, China
| | - Muhammad Mumtaz Khan
- Department of Public Health, University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
| | - Akbar Hussain
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Taha Hussein Musa
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Muhammad Waqar
- Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnostics and Research Centre, Cl-25 Block B Al-Sudais Plaza Abdalian Cooperative Society, Lahore, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
| | - Eyasu Ejeta
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Manoochehr Karami
- Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Kefyalew Addis Alene
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Research School of Population Health, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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