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Li M, Li H. Research progress on inhibitors and inhibitory mechanisms of mycotoxin biosynthesis. Mycotoxin Res 2024:10.1007/s12550-024-00553-2. [PMID: 39164466 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-024-00553-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi with harmful effects such as carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, nephrotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity. They cause widespread contamination of plant products such as crops, food, and feed, posing serious threats to the life and health of human beings and animals. It has been found that many traditionally synthesized and natural compounds are capable of inhibiting the growth of fungi and their secondary metabolite production. Natural compounds have attracted much attention due to their safety, environmental, and health friendly features. In this paper, compounds of plant origin with inhibitory effects on ochratoxins, aflatoxins, Fusarium toxins, and Alternaria toxins, including cinnamaldehyde, citral, magnolol, eugenol, pterostilbene, curcumin, and phenolic acid, are reviewed, and the inhibitory mechanisms of different compounds on the toxin production of fungi are also elucidated, with the aim of providing application references to reduce the contamination of fungal toxins, thus safeguarding the health of human beings and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Li
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Honghua Li
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China.
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Dövényi-Nagy T, Rácz C, Molnár K, Bakó K, Szláma Z, Jóźwiak Á, Farkas Z, Pócsi I, Dobos AC. Pre-Harvest Modelling and Mitigation of Aflatoxins in Maize in a Changing Climatic Environment-A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E768. [PMID: 33291729 PMCID: PMC7761929 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12120768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) are harmful secondary metabolites produced by various moulds, among which Aspergillus flavus is the major AF-producer fungus. These mycotoxins have carcinogenic or acute toxigenic effects on both humans and food producing animals and, therefore, the health risks and also the potential economic damages mounted by them have led to legal restrictions, and several countries have set maximum allowable limits for AF contaminations in food and feed. While colonization of food and feed and AF production by A. flavus are highly supported by the climatic conditions in tropical and subtropical geographic regions, countries in the temperate climate zones are also increasingly exposed to AF-derived health risks due to climate change. In the present study, we have reviewed the available mathematical models as risk assessment tools to predict the possibility of A. flavus infection and levels of AF contaminations in maize in a changing climatic environment. After highlighting the benefits and possible future improvements of these models, we summarize the current agricultural practices used to prevent or, at least, mitigate the deleterious consequences of AF contaminations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Dövényi-Nagy
- Agrometeorological and Agroecological Monitoring Centre, AKIT-DTTI, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (C.R.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (Z.S.); (A.C.D.)
| | - Csaba Rácz
- Agrometeorological and Agroecological Monitoring Centre, AKIT-DTTI, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (C.R.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (Z.S.); (A.C.D.)
| | - Krisztina Molnár
- Agrometeorological and Agroecological Monitoring Centre, AKIT-DTTI, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (C.R.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (Z.S.); (A.C.D.)
| | - Károly Bakó
- Agrometeorological and Agroecological Monitoring Centre, AKIT-DTTI, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (C.R.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (Z.S.); (A.C.D.)
| | - Zsombor Szláma
- Agrometeorological and Agroecological Monitoring Centre, AKIT-DTTI, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (C.R.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (Z.S.); (A.C.D.)
| | - Ákos Jóźwiak
- Digital Food Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, H1078 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.J.); (Z.F.)
| | - Zsuzsa Farkas
- Digital Food Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, H1078 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.J.); (Z.F.)
| | - István Pócsi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Attila Csaba Dobos
- Agrometeorological and Agroecological Monitoring Centre, AKIT-DTTI, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (C.R.); (K.M.); (K.B.); (Z.S.); (A.C.D.)
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Šimončicová J, Kaliňáková B, Kováčik D, Medvecká V, Lakatoš B, Kryštofová S, Hoppanová L, Palušková V, Hudecová D, Ďurina P, Zahoranová A. Cold plasma treatment triggers antioxidative defense system and induces changes in hyphal surface and subcellular structures of Aspergillus flavus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:6647-6658. [PMID: 29858953 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAPP) has become one of the recent effective decontamination technologies, but CAPP interactions with biological material remain the subject of many studies. The CAPP generates numerous types of particles and radiations that synergistically affect cells and tissues differently depending on their structure. In this study, we investigated the effect of CAPP generated by diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge on hyphae of Aspergillus flavus. Hyphae underwent massive structural changes after plasma treatment. Scanning electron microscopy showed drying hyphae that were forming creases on the hyphal surface. ATR-FTIR analysis demonstrated an increase of signal intensity for C=O and C-O stretching vibrations indicating chemical changes in molecular structures located on hyphal surface. The increase in membrane permeability was detected by the fluorescent dye, propidium iodide. Biomass dry weight determination and increase in permeability indicated leakage of cell content and subsequent death. Disintegration of nuclei and DNA degradation confirmed cell death after plasma treatment. Damage of plasma membrane was related to lipoperoxidation that was determined by higher levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive species after plasma treatment. The CAPP treatment led to rise of intracellular ROS levels detected by fluorescent microscopy using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. At the same time, antioxidant enzyme activities increased, and level of reduced glutathione decreased. The results in this study indicated that the CAPP treatment in A. flavus targeted both cell surface structures, cell wall, and plasma membrane, inflicting injury on hyphal cells which led to subsequent oxidative stress and finally cell death at higher CAPP doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Šimončicová
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Barbora Kaliňáková
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Dušan Kováčik
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics, and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Medvecká
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics, and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Boris Lakatoš
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Svetlana Kryštofová
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Hoppanová
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Palušková
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Hudecová
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Ďurina
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics, and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anna Zahoranová
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics, and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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