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Petridis T, Giannakopoulou D, Stamatopoulou V, Grafanaki K, Kostopoulos CG, Papadaki H, Malavaki CJ, Karamanos NK, Douroumi S, Papachristou D, Magoulas GE, Papaioannou D, Drainas D. Investigation on Toxicity and Teratogenicity in Rats of a Retinoid-Polyamine Conjugate with Potent Anti-Inflammatory Properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 107:32-44. [PMID: 26762583 DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.21170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that N(1),N(12)-bis(all-trans-retinoyl)spermine (RASP), a retinoid analog, inhibits RNase P activity and angiogenesis in the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane, demonstrates anti-tumor activity on prostate cancer cells, and acts as anti-inflammatory agent, being more effective and less toxic than all-trans retinoic acid. In an attempt to further characterize the biological profile of RASP, we tested its effects on organ toxicity and teratogenicity by daily oral gavage of RASP at a level of 50 mg/Kg of body weight in two generations of rats. We found that this compound does not induce changes to the body growth, the appearance of physical features, and the animal's reflexes. Additionally, no substantial histopathological lesions were found in brain, heart, lung, thymus, liver, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pituitary gland, kidneys, spleen, skin, femora, prostate, testis, epididymis, vagina, uterus, and ovaries of RASP-treated animals. These results suggest RASP, as a promising lead compound for the treatment of several dermatological disorders and certain cancer types, has apparently minimal toxic side-effects as revealed in this two-generation reproduction study in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Petridis
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | - Katerina Grafanaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Helen Papadaki
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Christina J Malavaki
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stathianna Douroumi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Dionysios Papachristou
- Department of Anatomy, Ηistology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - George E Magoulas
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Dionissios Papaioannou
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Denis Drainas
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Toumpeki C, Stamatopoulou V, Bikou M, Grafanaki K, Kallia-Raftopoulou S, Papaioannou D, Stathopoulos C, Drainas D. Targeting Ribonuclease P. Antibiotics (Basel) 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527659685.ch14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Vourekas A, Vryzaki E, Toumpeki C, Stamatopoulou V, Monastirli A, Tsambaos D, Drainas D. Partial purification and characterization of RNase P from human peripheral lymphocytes. Exp Dermatol 2009; 18:130-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2008.00772.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hori Y, Rogert MC, Tanaka T, Kikuchi Y, Bichenkova EV, Wilton AN, Gbaj A, Douglas KT. Porphyrins and porphines bind strongly and specifically to tRNA, precursor tRNA and to M1 RNA and inhibit the ribonuclease P ribozyme reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 1730:47-55. [PMID: 16005529 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbaexp.2005.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2005] [Revised: 06/01/2005] [Accepted: 06/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins and porphines strongly inhibit the action of the RNA subunit of the Escherichia coli ribonuclease P (M1 RNA). Meso-tetrakis(N-methyl-pyridyl)porphine followed linear competitive kinetics with pre-tRNA(Gly1) from E. coli as variable substrate (Ki 0.960 microM). Protoporphyrin IX showed linear competitive inhibition versus pre-tRNA(Gly1) from E. coli (Ki 1.90 microM). Inhibition by meso-tetrakis[4-(trimethylammonio)phenyl]porphine versus pre-tRNA(Gly1) from E. coli followed non-competitive kinetics (Ki 4.1 microM). The porphyrins bound directly to E. coli tRNAVal, E. coli pre-tRNAGly1 and M1 RNA and dissociation constants for the 1:1 complexes were determined using fluorescence spectroscopy. Dissociation constants (microM) against E. coli tRNAVal and E. coli pre-tRNAGly were: meso-tetrakis(N-methyl-pyridyl)porphine 1.21 and 0.170; meso-tetrakis[4-(trimethylammonio)phenyl]porphine, 0.107 and 0.293; protoporphyrin IX, 0.138 and 0.0819. For M1 RNA, dissociation constants were 32.8 nM for meso-tetrakis(N-methyl-pyridyl)porphine and 59.8 nM for meso-tetrakis[4-(trimethylammonio)phenyl]porphine and excitation and emission spectra indicate a binding mode with strong pi-stacking of the porphine nucleus and base pairs in a rigid low-polarity environment. Part of the inhibition of ribonuclease P is from interaction with the pre-tRNA substrate, resulting from porphyrin binding to the D-loop/T-loop region which interfaces with M1 RNA during catalysis, and part from the porphyrin binding to the M1 RNA component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Hori
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
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