De Colibus L, Stunnenberg M, Geijtenbeek TB. DDX3X structural analysis: Implications in the pharmacology and innate immunity.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2022;
3:100-109. [PMID:
35647523 PMCID:
PMC9133689 DOI:
10.1016/j.crimmu.2022.05.002]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human DEAD-Box Helicase 3 X-Linked (DDX3X) is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in virtually every step of RNA metabolism, ranging from transcription regulation in the nucleus to translation initiation and stress granule (SG) formation, and plays crucial roles in innate immunity, as well as tumorigenesis and viral infections.
This review discusses latest advances in DDX3X biology and structure-function relationship, including the implications of the recent DDX3X crystal structure in complex with double stranded RNA for RNA metabolism, DDX3X involvement in the cross-talk between innate immune responses and cell stress adaptation, and the roles of DDX3X in controlling cell fate.
The human DDX3X, an ATP-dependent RNA helicase, plays a central role in a variety of cellular processes involving RNA.
DDX3X is implicated in antiviral signalling pathways.
DDX3X interacts with full-length NLRP3 and its NACHT domain.
The recent crystal structure of DDX3X in complex with dsRNA offers a model for understanding its binding to the HIV-1 TAR hairpin sequence.
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