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El-Gowilly SM, Metwaly HA, Makhlouf D, Elmansoury N, Abuiessa SA, Sorour AA, Abdelgalil MH, Fawaz M, Abushady AM, Gamaleldin M, Abdelghany TM, Fakhoury R, Abdelhady R, Ghanim AM, Shehata S, Kamal M, Bahy R, Haroon SA, Manolopoulos VG, Cascorbi I, Daly A, Abdelkader NF, El Shamieh S, Nagy M, Wahid A. Analysis of the current situation of pharmacogenomics in terms of educational and healthcare needs in Egypt and Lebanon. Pharmacogenomics 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39382016 DOI: 10.1080/14622416.2024.2403967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is a practice that investigates the link between genetic differences and drug response in patients. This can improve treatment effectiveness and reduce harmful side effects. However, has yet to be adequately realized in developing nations. Three surveys were conducted between November 2022 to March 2023 in Egypt and Lebanon. The first survey assessed availability of PGx testing in different healthcare facilities; the second one assessed knowledge, interest and attitude toward learning about PGx among pharmacists and physicians; and the third one assessed interest in providing PGx education at academic levels. In Egypt, a few of the surveyed healthcare facilities are conducting some form of pharmacogenetic testing. In Lebanon, very few germline pharmacogenomic tests are offered in Greater Beirut's leading hospitals, and no other testing was recorded. PGx education attracts considerable interest, with 34.3% of pharmacists very interested and 48.8% interested. Similarly, 24.8% of total physicians were very interested while 44.8% were interested. Academic professionals in the surveyed institutions in both countries agreed on the need for educational programs in PGx and 78.2% agreed that there were good opportunities for implementing PGx testing. These findings clearly indicate the need to develop and implement educational programs in PGx in the Middle-East.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar M El-Gowilly
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
| | - Heba A Metwaly
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
| | - Dalia Makhlouf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
- Personalized Medication Management Unit, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nehal Elmansoury
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
| | - Salwa A Abuiessa
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
| | - Amani A Sorour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
| | | | - Mirna Fawaz
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11-5020, Lebanon
| | - Asmaa M Abushady
- School of Biotechnology, Nile University, Giza, Egypt
- Genetic Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Tarek M Abdelghany
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, U.K
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE24HH, United Kingdom
| | - Rajaa Fakhoury
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11-5020, Lebanon
| | - Rasha Abdelhady
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Amal Mh Ghanim
- Biochemistry department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Samah Shehata
- Biochemistry department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Marwa Kamal
- Clinical pharmacy department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Rehab Bahy
- Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Sanaa A Haroon
- Plant protection department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Vangelis G Manolopoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana Campus, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Ingolf Cascorbi
- Institute of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany
| | - Ann Daly
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Noha F Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Said El Shamieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11-5020, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed Nagy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
- Personalized Medication Management Unit, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Wahid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
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Xiang Q, Zhang XD, Mu GY, Wang Z, Liu ZY, Xie QF, Hu K, Zhang Z, Ma LY, Jiang J, Cui YM. Correlation between single-nucleotide polymorphisms and statin-induced myopathy: a mixed-effects model meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 77:569-581. [PMID: 33150478 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-020-03029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and risk of statin-induced myopathy (SIM). METHODS We retrieved the studies published on SIM until April 2019 from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. We collected data from 32 studies that analyzed 10 SNPs in five genes and included 21,692 individuals and nine statins. RESULTS The analysis of the heterozygous (p = 0.017), homozygous (p = 0.002), dominant (p = 0.005), and recessive models (p = 0.009) of SLCO1B1 rs4149056 showed that this SNP increases the risk of SIM. Conversely, heterozygous (p = 0.048) and dominant models (p = 0.030) of SLCO1B1 rs4363657 demonstrated that this SNP is associated with a reduced risk of SIM. Moreover, an increased risk of SIM was predicted for carriers of the rs4149056 C allele among simvastatin-treated patients, whereas carriers of the GATM rs9806699 A allele among rosuvastatin-treated patients had a lower risk of SIM. CONCLUSION The meta-analysis revealed that the rs4149056 and rs4363657 SNPs in SLCO1B1 and the rs9806699 SNP in GATM are correlated with the risk of SIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Guang-Yan Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhi-Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Qiu-Fen Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Kun Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Ling-Yue Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yi-Min Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China. .,, Beijing, China.
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Kee PS, Chin PKL, Kennedy MA, Maggo SDS. Pharmacogenetics of Statin-Induced Myotoxicity. Front Genet 2020; 11:575678. [PMID: 33193687 PMCID: PMC7596698 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.575678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins, a class of lipid-lowering medications, have been a keystone treatment in cardiovascular health. However, adverse effects associated with statin use impact patient adherence, leading to statin discontinuation. Statin-induced myotoxicity (SIM) is one of the most common adverse effects, prevalent across all ages, genders, and ethnicities. Although certain demographic cohorts carry a higher risk, the impaired quality of life attributed to SIM is significant. The pathogenesis of SIM remains to be fully elucidated, but it is clear that SIM is multifactorial. These factors include drug-drug interactions, renal or liver dysfunction, and genetics. Genetic-inferred risk for SIM was first reported by a landmark genome-wide association study, which reported a higher risk of SIM with a polymorphism in the SLCO1B1 gene. Since then, research associating genetic factors with SIM has expanded widely and has become one of the foci in the field of pharmacogenomics. This review provides an update on the genetic risk factors associated with SIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Siu Kee
- Gene Structure and Function Laboratory, Carney Centre for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - Martin A. Kennedy
- Gene Structure and Function Laboratory, Carney Centre for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Simran D. S. Maggo
- Gene Structure and Function Laboratory, Carney Centre for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Salami A, El Shamieh S. Association between SNPs of Circulating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels, Hypercholesterolemia and Metabolic Syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55080464. [PMID: 31405227 PMCID: PMC6723464 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55080464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); rs6921438 and rs4416670 in LOC100132354-C6orf223, rs6993770 in ZFPM2, and rs10738760 in VLDLR-KCNV2 were reported to explain up to 50% of the heritability of vascular endothelial growth factor circulating levels. These SNPs were also studied for possible associations with circulating lipid levels in supposedly healthy European individuals and in a limited number of Iranian individuals with metabolic syndrome. To go further, the association of those four SNPs with plasma lipid parameters, hypercholesterolemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS) was assessed. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 460 individuals chosen from the general population. Demographic and clinical data were collected and DNA was extracted and genotyped using Kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP™). A meta-analysis followed, combining our participants with the Iranian individuals (n = 336). Results: Whereas rs10738760 was associated with total cholesterol (Tchol) (p = 0.01), rs6993770 showed significant associations with both Tchol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (p = 0.007 and p = 0.01 respectively). Using a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for different confounding factors, we found that rs6993770 was associated with hypercholesterolemia, specifically high Tchol (p = 0.01) and LDL-C levels (p = 0.01). Furthermore, rs10738760 was positively associated with the risk of MetS in these individuals (p = 0.02) and in the meta-analysis (OR = 1.67, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Our results suggest that whereas rs6993770 in ZFPM2 was positively associated with hypercholesterolemia, rs10738760 (VLDLR-KCNV2) has a possible implication in MetS in two Middle Eastern populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Salami
- Rammal Hassan Rammal Research Laboratory, Physio-toxicity (PhyTox) Research Group, Faculty of Sciences (V), Lebanese University, Nabatieh 1700, Lebanon
| | - Said El Shamieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 115020, Lebanon.
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Association of TLR4 Polymorphisms, Expression, and Vitamin D with Helicobacter pylori Infection. J Pers Med 2019; 9:jpm9010002. [PMID: 30641993 PMCID: PMC6463146 DOI: 10.3390/jpm9010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the strongest recognized risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma. Since previous observations have shown that polymorphisms in innate immune system genes, as well as vitamin D (VitD) levels, could modify the risk of infection with Helicobacterpylori (H. pylori), we analyzed the relation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLRs (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4) CD14, RUNX3 and VitD levels with H. pylori infection. A case-control study on four hundred sixty Lebanese individuals was conducted. Eleven SNPs in total were genotyped and gene expression analysis using real-time PCR was performed in white blood cells of a subsample of eight individuals. A total of 49% of the participants were affected. Although no direct association was found between the SNPs and H. pylori infection, rs4986790G>A and rs4986791T>C in TLR4 were negatively associated with VitD levels (β = −0.371, p = 5 × 10−3 and β = −0.4, p = 2 × 10−3, respectively), which was negatively associated with H. pylori infection (OR = 0.01, p < 1 × 10−3). TLR4 expression was 3× lower in individuals with H. pylori compared with non-infected (p = 0.01). TLR4 polymorphisms, expression, and VitD could be implicated in H. pylori infection and further development of gastric adenocarcinoma.
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