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Parsons ES, Stanley GJ, Pyne ALB, Hodel AW, Nievergelt AP, Menny A, Yon AR, Rowley A, Richter RP, Fantner GE, Bubeck D, Hoogenboom BW. Single-molecule kinetics of pore assembly by the membrane attack complex. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2066. [PMID: 31061395 PMCID: PMC6502846 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane attack complex (MAC) is a hetero-oligomeric protein assembly that kills pathogens by perforating their cell envelopes. The MAC is formed by sequential assembly of soluble complement proteins C5b, C6, C7, C8 and C9, but little is known about the rate-limiting steps in this process. Here, we use rapid atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging to show that MAC proteins oligomerize within the membrane, unlike structurally homologous bacterial pore-forming toxins. C5b-7 interacts with the lipid bilayer prior to recruiting C8. We discover that incorporation of the first C9 is the kinetic bottleneck of MAC formation, after which rapid C9 oligomerization completes the pore. This defines the kinetic basis for MAC assembly and provides insight into how human cells are protected from bystander damage by the cell surface receptor CD59, which is offered a maximum temporal window to halt the assembly at the point of C9 insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward S Parsons
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK.
| | - George J Stanley
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Alice L B Pyne
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Adrian W Hodel
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Adrian P Nievergelt
- Laboratory for Bio- and Nano-Instrumentation, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anaïs Menny
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alexander R Yon
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ashlea Rowley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Ralf P Richter
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Georg E Fantner
- Laboratory for Bio- and Nano-Instrumentation, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Doryen Bubeck
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Bart W Hoogenboom
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK.
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Jackman JA, Cho NJ, Nishikawa M, Yoshikawa G, Mori T, Shrestha LK, Ariga K. Materials Nanoarchitectonics for Mechanical Tools in Chemical and Biological Sensing. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:3366-3377. [PMID: 29959818 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this Focus Review, nanoarchitectonic approaches for mechanical-action-based chemical and biological sensors are briefly discussed. In particular, recent examples of piezoelectric devices, such as quartz crystal microbalances (QCM and QCM-D) and a membrane-type surface stress sensor (MSS), are introduced. Sensors need well-designed nanostructured sensing materials for the sensitive and selective detection of specific targets. Nanoarchitectonic approaches for sensing materials, such as mesoporous materials, 2D materials, fullerene assemblies, supported lipid bilayers, and layer-by-layer assemblies, are highlighted. Based on these sensing approaches, examples of bioanalytical applications are presented for toxic gas detection, cell membrane interactions, label-free biomolecular assays, anticancer drug evaluation, complement activation-related multiprotein membrane attack complexes, and daily biodiagnosis, which are partially supported by data analysis, such as machine learning and principal component analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Michihiro Nishikawa
- WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Genki Yoshikawa
- WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
- Center for Functional Sensor & Actuator (CFSN), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
- Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Taizo Mori
- WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Lok Kumar Shrestha
- WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
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Yorulmaz Avsar S, Jackman JA, Kim MC, Yoon BK, Hunziker W, Cho NJ. Immobilization Strategies for Functional Complement Convertase Assembly at Lipid Membrane Interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:7332-7342. [PMID: 28683197 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly formation of complement convertases-essential biomacromolecular complexes that amplify innate immune responses-is triggered by protein adsorption. Herein, a supported lipid bilayer platform was utilized to investigate the effects of covalent and noncovalent tethering strategies on the self-assembly of alternative pathway C3 convertase components, starting with C3b protein adsorption followed bythe addition of factors B and D. Quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation (QCM-D) experiments measured the real-time kinetics of convertase assembly onto supported lipid bilayers. The results demonstrate that the nature of C3b immobilization onto supported lipid bilayers is a key factor governing convertase assembly. The covalent attachment of C3b to maleimide-functionalized supported lipid bilayers promoted the self-assembly of functional C3 convertase in the membrane-associated state and further enabled successful evaluation of a clinically relevant complement inhibitor, compstatin. By contrast, noncovalent attachment of C3b to negatively charged supported lipid bilayers also permitted C3b protein uptake, albeit membrane-associated C3b did not support convertase assembly in this case. Taken together, the findings in this work demonstrate that the attachment scheme for immobilizing C3b protein at lipid membrane interfaces is critical for downstream C3 convertase assembly, thereby offering guidance for the design and evaluation of membrane-associated biomacromolecular complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saziye Yorulmaz Avsar
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research , Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Joshua A Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Min Chul Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Bo Kyeong Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Walter Hunziker
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research , Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute , Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
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Kolahdouzan K, Jackman JA, Yoon BK, Kim MC, Johal MS, Cho NJ. Optimizing the Formation of Supported Lipid Bilayers from Bicellar Mixtures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:5052-5064. [PMID: 28457139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) are widely studied model membrane platforms that are compatible with various surface-sensitive measurement techniques. SLBs are typically formed on silica-based materials, and there are numerous possible fabrication routes involving either bottom-up molecular self-assembly or vesicle adsorption and rupture. In between these two classes of fabrication strategies lies an emerging approach based on depositing quasi-two-dimensional lamellar, bicellar disks composed of a mixture of long-chain and short-chain phospholipids to promote the formation of SLBs. This approach takes advantage of the thermodynamic preference of long-chain phospholipids to form planar SLBs, whereas short-chain phospholipids have brief residence times. Although a few studies have shown that SLBs can be formed on silica-based materials from bicellar mixtures, outstanding questions remain about the self-assembly mechanism as well as the influence of the total phospholipid concentration, ratio of the two phospholipids (termed the "q-ratio"), and process of sample preparation. Herein, we address these questions through comprehensive quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation, fluorescence microscopy, and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments. Our findings identify that optimal SLB formation occurs at lower total concentrations of phospholipids than previously used as short-chain phospholipids behave like membrane-destabilizing detergents at higher concentrations. Using lower phospholipid concentrations, we also discovered that the formation of SLBs proceeds through a two-step mechanism involving a critical coverage of bicellar disks akin to vesicle fusion. In addition, the results indicate that at least one cycle of freeze-thaw-vortexing is useful during the sample preparation process to produce SLBs. Taken together, the findings in this work identify optimal routes for fabricating SLBs from bicellar mixtures and reveal mechanistic details about the bicelle-mediated SLB formation process, which will aid further exploration of bicellar mixtures as tools for model membrane fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavoos Kolahdouzan
- Department of Chemistry, Pomona College , 645 North College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Joshua A Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bo Kyeong Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Min Chul Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Malkiat S Johal
- Department of Chemistry, Pomona College , 645 North College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore
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5
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Yorulmaz S, Jackman JA, Hunziker W, Cho NJ. Influence of membrane surface charge on adsorption of complement proteins onto supported lipid bilayers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 148:270-277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Kim MC, Gunnarsson A, Tabaei SR, Höök F, Cho NJ. Supported lipid bilayer repair mediated by AH peptide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:3040-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06472d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High quality and complete supported lipid bilayers are formed on silicon oxide by employing an AH peptide mediated repair step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chul Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science
- Nanyang Technological University
| | - Anders Gunnarsson
- Department of Applied Physics
- Chalmers University of Technology
- Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | - Seyed R. Tabaei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science
- Nanyang Technological University
| | - Fredrik Höök
- Department of Applied Physics
- Chalmers University of Technology
- Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science
- Nanyang Technological University
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7
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Yorulmaz S, Jackman JA, Hunziker W, Cho NJ. Supported Lipid Bilayer Platform To Test Inhibitors of the Membrane Attack Complex: Insights into Biomacromolecular Assembly and Regulation. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:3594-602. [PMID: 26444518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Complement activation plays an important role in innate immune defense by triggering formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC), which is a biomacromolecular assembly that exhibits membrane-lytic activity against foreign invaders including various pathogens and biomaterials. Understanding the details of MAC structure and function has been the subject of extensive work involving bulk liposome and erythrocyte assays. However, it is difficult to characterize the mechanism of action of MAC inhibitor drug candidates using the conventional assays. To address this issue, we employ a biomimetic supported lipid bilayer platform to investigate how two MAC inhibitors, vitronectin and clusterin, interfere with MAC assembly in a sequential addition format, as monitored by the quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation (QCM-D) technique. Two experimental strategies based on modular assembly were selected, precincubation of inhibitor and C5b-7 complex before addition to the lipid bilayer or initial addition of inhibitor followed by the C5b-7 complex. The findings indicate that vitronectin inhibits membrane association of C5b-7 via a direct interaction with C5b-7 and via competitive membrane association onto the supported lipid bilayer. On the other hand, clusterin directly interacts with C5b-7 such that C5b-7 is still able to bind to the lipid bilayer, and clusterin affects the subsequent binding of other complement proteins involved in the MAC assembly. Taken together, the findings in this study outline a biomimetic approach based on supported lipid bilayers to explore the interactions between complement proteins and inhibitors, thereby offering insight into MAC assembly and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saziye Yorulmaz
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.,Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research , Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Joshua A Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.,Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Walter Hunziker
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research , Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117599, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 168751, Singapore
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.,Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore.,School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
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