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Li X, Hu Y, Zhang X, Shi X, Parak WJ, Pich A. Transvascular transport of nanocarriers for tumor delivery. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8172. [PMID: 39289401 PMCID: PMC11408679 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52416-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanocarriers (NCs) play a crucial role in delivering theranostic agents to tumors, making them a pivotal focus of research. However, the persistently low delivery efficiency of engineered NCs has been a significant challenge in the advancement of nanomedicine, stirring considerable debate. Transvascular transport is a critical pathway for NC delivery from vessels to tumors, yet a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between NCs and vascular systems remains elusive. In recent years, considerable efforts have been invested in elucidating the transvascular transport mechanisms of NCs, leading to promising advancements in tumor delivery and theranostics. In this context, we highlight various delivery mechanisms, including the enhanced permeability and retention effect, cooperative immune-driven effect, active transcytosis, and cell/bacteria-mediated delivery. Furthermore, we explore corresponding strategies aimed at enhancing transvascular transport of NCs for efficient tumor delivery. These approaches offer intriguing solutions spanning physicochemical, biological, and pharmacological domains to improve delivery and therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, we propose a forward-looking delivery framework that relies on advanced tumor/vessel models, high-throughput NC libraries, nano-bio interaction datasets, and artificial intelligence, which aims to guide the design of next-generation carriers and implementation strategies for optimized delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, 52056, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52074, Germany
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 20607, Germany.
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, 52056, Germany.
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52074, Germany.
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Maastricht University, RD Geleen, 6167, The Netherlands.
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Lehner R, Zanoni I, Banuscher A, Costa AL, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Fate of engineered nanomaterials at the human epithelial lung tissue barrier in vitro after single and repeated exposures. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:918633. [PMID: 36185318 PMCID: PMC9524228 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.918633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The understanding of the engineered nanomaterials (NMs) potential interaction with tissue barriers is important to predict their accumulation in cells. Herein, the fate, e.g., cellular uptake/adsorption at the cell membrane and translocation, of NMs with different physico-chemical properties across an A549 lung epithelial tissue barrier, cultured on permeable transwell inserts, were evaluated. We assessed the fate of five different NMs, known to be partially soluble, bio-persistent passive and bio-persistent active. Single exposure measurements using 100 µg/ml were performed for barium sulfate (BaSO4), cerium dioxide (CeO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and zinc oxide (ZnO) NMs and non-nanosized crystalline silica (DQ12). Elemental distribution of the materials in different compartments was measured after 24 and 80 h, e.g., apical, apical wash, intracellular and basal, using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. BaSO4, CeO2, and TiO2 were mainly detected in the apical and apical wash fraction, whereas for ZnO a significant fraction was detected in the basal compartment. For DQ12 the major fraction was found intracellularly. The content in the cellular fraction decreased from 24 to 80 h incubation for all materials. Repeated exposure measurements were performed exposing the cells on four subsequent days to 25 µg/ml. After 80 h BaSO4, CeO2, and TiO2 NMs were again mainly detected in the apical fraction, ZnO NMs in the apical and basal fraction, while for DQ12 a significant concentration was measured in the cell fraction. Interestingly the cellular fraction was in a similar range for both exposure scenarios with one exception, i.e., ZnO NMs, suggesting a potential different behavior for this material under single exposure and repeated exposure conditions. However, we observed for all the NMs, a decrease of the amount detected in the cellular fraction within time, indicating NMs loss by cell division, exocytosis and/or possible dissolution in lysosomes. Overall, the distribution of NMs in the compartments investigated depends on their composition, as for inert and stable NMs the major fraction was detected in the apical and apical wash fraction, whereas for partially soluble NMs apical and basal fractions were almost similar and DQ12 could mainly be found in the cellular fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Lehner
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Zanoni
- CNR-ISTEC-National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, Faenza, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Anne Banuscher
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Anna Luisa Costa
- CNR-ISTEC-National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, Faenza, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
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Llewellyn SV, Parak WJ, Hühn J, Burgum MJ, Evans SJ, Chapman KE, Jenkins GJS, Doak SH, Clift MJD. Deducing the cellular mechanisms associated with the potential genotoxic impact of gold and silver engineered nanoparticles upon different lung epithelial cell lines in vitro. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:52-72. [PMID: 35085458 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2030823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Human ENP exposure is inevitable and the novel, size-dependent physicochemical properties that enable ENPs to be beneficial in innovative technologies are concomitantly causing heightened public concerns as to their potential adverse effects upon human health. This study aims to deduce the mechanisms associated with potential ENP mediated (geno)toxicity and impact upon telomere integrity, if any, of varying concentrations of both ∼16 nm (4.34 × 10-3 to 17.36 × 10-3 mg/mL) Gold (Au) and ∼14 nm (0.85 × 10-5 to 3.32 × 10-5 mg/mL) Silver (Ag) ENPs upon two commonly used lung epithelial cell lines, 16HBE14o- and A549. Following cytotoxicity analysis (via Trypan Blue and Lactate Dehydrogenase assay), two sub-lethal concentrations were selected for genotoxicity analysis using the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay. Whilst both ENP types induced significant oxidative stress, Ag ENPs (1.66 × 10-5 mg/mL) did not display a significant genotoxic response in either epithelial cell lines, but Au ENPs (8.68 × 10-3 mg/mL) showed a highly significant 2.63-fold and 2.4-fold increase in micronucleus frequency in A549 and 16HBE14o- cells respectively. It is hypothesized that the DNA damage induced by acute 24-h Au ENP exposure resulted in a cell cycle stall indicated by the increased mononuclear cell fraction (>6.0-fold) and cytostasis level. Albeit insignificant, a small reduction in telomere length was observed following acute exposure to both ENPs which could indicate the potential for ENP mediated telomere attrition. Finally, from the data shown, both in vitro lung cell cultures (16HBE14o- and A549) are equally as suitable and reliable for the in vitro ENP hazard identification approach adopted in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha V Llewellyn
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Faculty of Physics, Centre of Hybrid Nanostructures, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Hühn
- Faculty of Physics, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael J Burgum
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Stephen J Evans
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Katherine E Chapman
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Gareth J S Jenkins
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Shareen H Doak
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Martin J D Clift
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences 1, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
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Alberto AR, Matos C, Carmona-Aparicio G, Iten M. Nanomaterials, a New Challenge in the Workplace. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1357:379-402. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-88071-2_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNanomaterials are a nanotechnological product of increasing importance given the possibilities they offer to improve quality of life and support sustainable development. Safe management of nanomaterials is needed to ensure that this emerging technology has the highest levels of acceptance among different interest groups, including workers. This chapter reviews the current state that presents the different stages of risk management applied to nanomaterials, including standardisation, regulation, risk assessment and risk control. Particularly, the chapter contextualizes the development of nanotechnologies at European level and analyses the scientific evidence available on the risks derived from nanomaterials use. Furthermore, it highlights the required conditions to encourage the responsible development of nanomaterials, as well as reflects on the lack of consensus in terms of approaches and frameworks that could facilitate standardisation adoption, regulatory enforcement and industry intervention concerning nanomaterials.
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Halappanavar S, Nymark P, Krug HF, Clift MJD, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Vogel U. Non-Animal Strategies for Toxicity Assessment of Nanoscale Materials: Role of Adverse Outcome Pathways in the Selection of Endpoints. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007628. [PMID: 33559363 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Faster, cheaper, sensitive, and mechanisms-based animal alternatives are needed to address the safety assessment needs of the growing number of nanomaterials (NM) and their sophisticated property variants. Specifically, strategies that help identify and prioritize alternative schemes involving individual test models, toxicity endpoints, and assays for the assessment of adverse outcomes, as well as strategies that enable validation and refinement of these schemes for the regulatory acceptance are needed. In this review, two strategies 1) the current nanotoxicology literature review and 2) the adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) framework, a systematic process that allows the assembly of available mechanistic information concerning a toxicological response in a simple modular format, are presented. The review highlights 1) the most frequently assessed and reported ad hoc in vivo and in vitro toxicity measurements in the literature, 2) various AOPs of relevance to inhalation toxicity of NM that are presently under development, and 3) their applicability in identifying key events of toxicity for targeted in vitro assay development. Finally, using an existing AOP for lung fibrosis, the specific combinations of cell types, exposure and test systems, and assays that are experimentally supported and thus, can be used for assessing NM-induced lung fibrosis, are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, K1A0K9, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N6N5, Canada
| | - Penny Nymark
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Nobels väg 13, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Harald F Krug
- NanoCASE GmbH, St. Gallerstr. 58, Engelburg, 9032, Switzerland
| | - Martin J D Clift
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales, SA2 8PP, UK
| | | | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
- DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, DK-2800 Kgs., Denmark
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Saleem H, Zaidi SJ. Sustainable Use of Nanomaterials in Textiles and Their Environmental Impact. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E5134. [PMID: 33203051 PMCID: PMC7696606 DOI: 10.3390/ma13225134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
At present, nanotechnology is a priority in research in several nations due to its massive capability and financial impact. However, due to the uncertainties and abnormalities in shape, size, and chemical compositions, the existence of certain nanomaterials may lead to dangerous effects on the human health and environment. The present review includes the different advanced applications of nanomaterials in textiles industries, as well as their associated environmental and health risks. The four main textile industry fields using nanomaterials, nanofinishing, nanocoatings, nanofibers, and nanocomposites, are analyzed. Different functional textiles with nanomaterials are also briefly reviewed. Most textile materials are in direct and prolonged contact with our skin. Hence, the influence of carcinogenic and toxic substances that are available in textiles must be comprehensively examined. Proper recognition of the conceivable benefits and accidental hazards of nanomaterials to our surroundings is significant for pursuing its development in the forthcoming years. The conclusions of the current paper are anticipated to increase awareness on the possible influence of nanomaterial-containing textile wastes and the significance of better regulations in regards to the ultimate disposal of these wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syed Javaid Zaidi
- Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
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Cokic SM, Ghosh M, Hoet P, Godderis L, Van Meerbeek B, Van Landuyt KL. Cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of respirable fraction of composite dust on human bronchial cells. Dent Mater 2019; 36:270-283. [PMID: 31852585 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of the respirable fraction of composite dust (<4 μm) on human bronchial epithelial cells. METHODS Composite sticks of three commercial dental composites (Filtek Supreme XTE, Grandio, Transbond XT) were ground in an enclosed plexiglass chamber with a rough dental bur (grain-size 100 μm) and the generated airborne respirable dust was collected in a personal cyclone on a teflon filter (pore size 5 μm). Immediately after particle collection, the dust was quantified gravimetrically and the particles were suspended in cell culturing medium. Next, human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o-) were exposed to the suspensions (3 μg/ml-400 μg/ml). After 24 h, cell viability (WST-1 assay) and membrane integrity (LDH assay) were evaluated. Furthermore, the genotoxic effect of a sub-cytotoxic concentration (50 μg/ml) of composite dust was evaluated by the comet assay after 3 h exposure and cell cycle disturbances were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cellular uptake of particles was evaluated by transmission electronic microscope (TEM). RESULTS For all three tested composite materials, a decrease in metabolic activity of 10-35% was observed when the cells were exposed to the highest concentrations (100 μg/ml-400 μg/ml). Toxicity was partially linked to membrane disruption especially after 72 h exposure. All tested composites provoked a mild genotoxic effect after short-term exposure compared to the control groups. TEM revealed that respirable particles of all tested composites were taken up by the cells. SIGNIFICANCE The respirable fraction of composite dust only showed cytotoxic effects at the highest concentrations, whereas mild genotoxicity was observed after exposure to a sub-cytotoxic concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stevan M Cokic
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manosij Ghosh
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Kapucijnenvoer 35/5, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Hoet
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Kapucijnenvoer 35/5, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lode Godderis
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Kapucijnenvoer 35/5, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Idewe, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Interleuvenlaan 58, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kirsten L Van Landuyt
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Fetah K, Tebon P, Goudie MJ, Eichenbaum J, Ren L, Barros N, Nasiri R, Ahadian S, Ashammakhi N, Dokmeci MR, Khademhosseini A. The emergence of 3D bioprinting in organ-on-chip systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/2516-1091/ab23df] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Fröhlich E. Comparison of conventional and advanced in vitro models in the toxicity testing of nanoparticles. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:1091-1107. [PMID: 29956556 PMCID: PMC6214528 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1479709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to a wide variety of nanoparticles (NPs) present in the environment, in consumer, health and medical products, and in food. Conventional cytotoxicity testing compared to animal testing is less expensive, faster and avoids ethical problems at the expense of a lower predictive value. New cellular models and exposure conditions have been developed to overcome the limitations of conventional cell culture and obtain more predictive data. The use of three-dimensional culture, co-culture and inclusion of mechanical stimulation can provide physiologically more relevant culture conditions. These systems are particularly relevant for oral, respiratory and intravenous exposure to NPs and it may be assumed that physiologically relevant application of the NPs can improve the predictive value of in vitro testing. Various groups have used advanced culture and exposure systems, but few direct comparisons between data from conventional cultures and from advanced systems exist. In silico models may present another option to predict human health risk by NPs without using animal studies. In the absence of validation, the question whether these alternative models provide more predictive data than conventional testing remains elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore Fröhlich
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Malorni L, Guida V, Sirignano M, Genovese G, Petrarca C, Pedata P. Exposure to sub-10 nm particles emitted from a biodiesel-fueled diesel engine: In vitro toxicity and inflammatory potential. Toxicol Lett 2017; 270:51-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Cokic SM, Hoet P, Godderis L, Wiemann M, Asbach C, Reichl FX, De Munck J, Van Meerbeek B, Van Landuyt KL. Cytotoxic effects of composite dust on human bronchial epithelial cells. Dent Mater 2016; 32:1482-1491. [PMID: 27726967 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous research revealed that during routine abrasive procedures like polishing, shaping or removing of composites, high amounts of respirable dust particles (<5μm) including nano-sized particles (<100nm) may be released. OBJECTIVE To determine the cytotoxic potential of composite dust particles on bronchial epithelium cells. METHODS Composite dust of five commercial composites (one nano-composite, two nano-hybrid and two hybrid composites) was generated following a clinically relevant protocol. Polymerized composite samples were cut with a rough diamond bur (grain size 100μm, speed 200,000rpm) and all composite dust was collected in a sterile chamber. Human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o-) were exposed to serially diluted suspensions of composite dust in cell culture medium at concentrations between 1.1 and 3.3mg/ml. After 24h-exposure, cell viability and membrane integrity were assessed by the WST-1 and the LDH leakage assay, respectively. The release of IL-1β and IL-6 was evaluated. The composite dust particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and by dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering. RESULTS Neither membrane damage nor release of IL-1β was detected over the complete concentration range. However, metabolic activity gradually declined for concentrations higher than 660μg/ml and the release of IL-6 was reduced when cells were exposed to the highest concentrations of dust. SIGNIFICANCE Composite dust prepared by conventional dental abrasion methods only affected human bronchial epithelial cells in very high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stevan M Cokic
- KU Leuven BIOMAT, Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven & Dentistry University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Hoet
- Centre for Environmental and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lode Godderis
- Centre for Environmental and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Martin Wiemann
- IBE R&D gGmbH, Institute for Lung Health, Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christof Asbach
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology (IUTA) e.V., Bliersheimer Straße 60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Franz X Reichl
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Nussbaumstraße 26, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan De Munck
- KU Leuven BIOMAT, Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven & Dentistry University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven BIOMAT, Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven & Dentistry University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kirsten L Van Landuyt
- KU Leuven BIOMAT, Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven & Dentistry University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Jud C, Ahmed S, Müller L, Kinnear C, Vanhecke D, Umehara Y, Frey S, Liley M, Angeloni S, Petri-Fink A, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Ultrathin Ceramic Membranes as Scaffolds for Functional Cell Coculture Models on a Biomimetic Scale. Biores Open Access 2015; 4:457-68. [PMID: 26713225 PMCID: PMC4691652 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2015.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissue serves as an interface between biological compartments. Many in vitro epithelial cell models have been developed as an alternative to animal experiments to answer a range of research questions. These in vitro models are grown on permeable two-chamber systems; however, commercially available, polymer-based cell culture inserts are around 10 μm thick. Since the basement membrane found in biological systems is usually less than 1 μm thick, the 10-fold thickness of cell culture inserts is a major limitation in the establishment of realistic models. In this work, an alternative insert, accommodating an ultrathin ceramic membrane with a thickness of only 500 nm (i.e., the Silicon nitride Microporous Permeable Insert [SIMPLI]-well), was produced and used to refine an established human alveolar barrier coculture model by both replacing the conventional inserts with the SIMPLI-well and completing it with endothelial cells. The structural–functional relationship of the model was evaluated, including the translocation of gold nanoparticles across the barrier, revealing a higher translocation if compared to corresponding polyethylene terephthalate (PET) membranes. This study demonstrates the power of the SIMPLI-well system as a scaffold for epithelial tissue cell models on a truly biomimetic scale, allowing construction of more functionally accurate models of human biological barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Jud
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland . ; Agroscope, Institute for Livestock Sciences ILS , Posieux, Switzerland
| | | | - Loretta Müller
- University Children's Hospital Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Calum Kinnear
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Vanhecke
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Yuki Umehara
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Frey
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland
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Engineering an in vitro air-blood barrier by 3D bioprinting. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7974. [PMID: 25609567 PMCID: PMC4303938 DOI: 10.1038/srep07974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensive efforts in recent years to develop and commercialize in vitro alternatives in the field of risk assessment have yielded new promising two- and three dimensional (3D) cell culture models. Nevertheless, a realistic 3D in vitro alveolar model is not available yet. Here we report on the biofabrication of the human air-blood tissue barrier analogue composed of an endothelial cell, basement membrane and epithelial cell layer by using a bioprinting technology. In contrary to the manual method, we demonstrate that this technique enables automatized and reproducible creation of thinner and more homogeneous cell layers, which is required for an optimal air-blood tissue barrier. This bioprinting platform will offer an excellent tool to engineer an advanced 3D lung model for high-throughput screening for safety assessment and drug efficacy testing.
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Evaluation of Lung Toxicity of Biodegradable Nanoparticles. ADVANCES IN DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11355-5_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Mahto SK, Tenenbaum-Katan J, Greenblum A, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Sznitman J. Microfluidic shear stress-regulated surfactant secretion in alveolar epithelial type II cells in vitro. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 306:L672-83. [PMID: 24487389 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00106.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the role of flow-induced shear stress on the mechanisms regulating surfactant secretion in type II alveolar epithelial cells (ATII) using microfluidic models. Following flow stimulation spanning a range of wall shear stress (WSS) magnitudes, monolayers of ATII (MLE-12 and A549) cells were examined for surfactant secretion by evaluating essential steps of the process, including relative changes in the number of fusion events of lamellar bodies (LBs) with the plasma membrane (PM) and intracellular redistribution of LBs. F-actin cytoskeleton and calcium levels were analyzed in A549 cells subjected to WSS spanning 4-20 dyn/cm(2). Results reveal an enhancement in LB fusion events with the PM in MLE-12 cells upon flow stimulation, whereas A549 cells exhibit no foreseeable changes in the monitored number of fusion events for WSS levels ranging up to a threshold of ∼8 dyn/cm(2); above this threshold, we witness instead a decrease in LB fusion events in A549 cells. However, patterns of LB redistribution suggest that WSS can potentially serve as a stimulus for A549 cells to trigger the intracellular transport of LBs toward the cell periphery. This observation is accompanied by a fragmentation of F-actin, indicating that disorganization of the F-actin cytoskeleton might act as a limiting factor for LB fusion events. Moreover, we note a rise in cytosolic calcium ([Ca(2+)]c) levels following stimulation of A549 cells with WSS magnitudes ranging near or above the experimental threshold. Overall, WSS stimulation can influence key components of molecular machinery for regulated surfactant secretion in ATII cells in vitro.
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Kuhn DA, Vanhecke D, Michen B, Blank F, Gehr P, Petri-Fink A, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Different endocytotic uptake mechanisms for nanoparticles in epithelial cells and macrophages. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:1625-36. [PMID: 25383275 PMCID: PMC4222452 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Precise knowledge regarding cellular uptake of nanoparticles is of great importance for future biomedical applications. Four different endocytotic uptake mechanisms, that is, phagocytosis, macropinocytosis, clathrin- and caveolin-mediated endocytosis, were investigated using a mouse macrophage (J774A.1) and a human alveolar epithelial type II cell line (A549). In order to deduce the involved pathway in nanoparticle uptake, selected inhibitors specific for one of the endocytotic pathways were optimized regarding concentration and incubation time in combination with fluorescently tagged marker proteins. Qualitative immunolocalization showed that J774A.1 cells highly expressed the lipid raft-related protein flotillin-1 and clathrin heavy chain, however, no caveolin-1. A549 cells expressed clathrin heavy chain and caveolin-1, but no flotillin-1 uptake-related proteins. Our data revealed an impeded uptake of 40 nm polystyrene nanoparticles by J774A.1 macrophages when actin polymerization and clathrin-coated pit formation was blocked. From this result, it is suggested that macropinocytosis and phagocytosis, as well as clathrin-mediated endocytosis, play a crucial role. The uptake of 40 nm nanoparticles in alveolar epithelial A549 cells was inhibited after depletion of cholesterol in the plasma membrane (preventing caveolin-mediated endocytosis) and inhibition of clathrin-coated vesicles (preventing clathrin-mediated endocytosis). Our data showed that a combination of several distinguishable endocytotic uptake mechanisms are involved in the uptake of 40 nm polystyrene nanoparticles in both the macrophage and epithelial cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar A Kuhn
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland, Phone +41 26 300 95 02
| | - Dimitri Vanhecke
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland, Phone +41 26 300 95 02
| | - Benjamin Michen
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland, Phone +41 26 300 95 02
| | - Fabian Blank
- Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter Gehr
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3000 Bern 9, Switzerland
| | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland, Phone +41 26 300 95 02
| | - Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland, Phone +41 26 300 95 02
- Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
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Grabowski N, Hillaireau H, Vergnaud J, Santiago LA, Kerdine-Romer S, Pallardy M, Tsapis N, Fattal E. Toxicity of surface-modified PLGA nanoparticles toward lung alveolar epithelial cells. Int J Pharm 2013; 454:686-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rothen-Rutishauser B, Kuhn DA, Ali Z, Gasser M, Amin F, Parak WJ, Vanhecke D, Fink A, Gehr P, Brandenberger C. Quantification of gold nanoparticle cell uptake under controlled biological conditions and adequate resolution. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 9:607-21. [PMID: 23738633 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We examined cellular uptake mechanisms of fluorescently labeled polymer-coated gold nanoparticles (NPs) under different biological conditions by two quantitative, microscopic approaches. MATERIALS & METHODS Uptake mechanisms were evaluated using endocytotic inhibitors that were tested for specificity and cytotoxicity. Cellular uptake of gold NPs was analyzed either by laser scanning microscopy or transmission electron microscopy, and quantified by means of stereology using cells from the same experiment. RESULTS Optimal inhibitor conditions were only achieved with chlorpromazine (clathrin-mediated endocytosis) and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (caveolin-mediated endocytosis). A significant methyl-β-cyclodextrin-mediated inhibition (63-69%) and chlorpromazine-mediated increase (43-98%) of intracellular NPs was demonstrated with both imaging techniques, suggesting a predominant uptake via caveolin-medicated endocytois. Transmission electron microscopy imaging revealed more than 95% of NPs localized in intracellular vesicles and approximately 150-times more NP events/cell were detected than by laser scanning microscopy. CONCLUSION We emphasize the importance of studying NP-cell interactions under controlled experimental conditions and at adequate microscopic resolution in combination with stereology.
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