1
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Rudenko AE, Khlyabich PP, Thompson BC. Random poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐
co
‐3‐cyanothiophene‐
co
‐3‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophene) copolymers with high open‐circuit voltage in polymer solar cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey E. Rudenko
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles California90089‐1661
| | - Petr P. Khlyabich
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles California90089‐1661
| | - Barry C. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles California90089‐1661
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2
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Hwang YJ, Courtright BAE, Ferreira AS, Tolbert SH, Jenekhe SA. 7.7% Efficient All-Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:4578-4584. [PMID: 26134594 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201501604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
By controlling the polymer/polymer blend self-organization rate, all-polymer solar cells composed of a high-mobility, crystalline, naphthalene diimide-selenophene copolymer acceptor and a benzodithiophene-thieno[3,4-b]thiophene copolymer donor are achieved with a record 7.7% power conversion efficiency and a record short-circuit current density (18.8 mA cm(-2)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Jin Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1750, USA
| | - Brett A E Courtright
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1750, USA
| | - Amy S Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1569, USA
| | - Sarah H Tolbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1569, USA
| | - Samson A Jenekhe
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1750, USA
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3
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Keshtov ML, Kuklin SA, Godovsky DY, Khokhlov AR, Kurchania R, Chen FC, Koukaras EN, Sharma GD. New alternating D-A1-D-A2copolymer containing two electron-deficient moieties based on benzothiadiazole and 9-(2-Octyldodecyl)-8H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]bisthieno[2,3-f:3',2'-h]quinoxaline-8,10(9H)-dione for efficient polymer solar cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. L. Keshtov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilova str., 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - S. A. Kuklin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilova str., 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - D. Y. Godovsky
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilova str., 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - A. R. Khokhlov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilova str., 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University; 1-2 Leninskiye Gory Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - R. Kurchania
- Department of Physics; Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology (MANIT); Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 462051 India
| | - F. C. Chen
- Department of Photonics; National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road; Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Emmanuel N. Koukaras
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research & Technology; Hellas Stadiou Str. Platani Patras 26504 Greece
- Molecular Engineering Laboratory; Department of Physics; University of Patras; Patras 26500 GR Greece
| | - G. D. Sharma
- R&D Center for Engineering and Science, JEC Group of Colleges, Jaipur Engineering College; Jaipur Rajasthan 303101 India
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4
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Keshtov ML, Godovsky DY, Chen FC, Khokhlov AR, Siddiqui SA, Sharma GD. Synthesis and characterization of π-conjugated copolymers with thieno-imidazole units in the main chain: application for bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:7888-97. [PMID: 25721090 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00017c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper the three new narrow bandgap D–A conjugated copolymers P1, P2 and P3 based on different weak donor fused thiophene-imidazole containing derivatives and the same benzothiadiazole acceptor unit were synthesized by Stille cross-coupling polymerization and characterized by 1H NMR, elemental analysis, GPC, TGA, DSC. These copolymers exhibit intensive absorbance in the range 350–900 nm and the optical bandgap lies in the range of 1.50–1.61 eV, which corresponds to the maximum photon flux of the solar spectrum. The electrochemical bandgap derived from cyclic voltammetry varies within the limits 1.47–1.65 eV and is approximately very close to the optical bandgap. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of all copolymers is deep lying (−5.24 eV and −5.37 eV and −5.25 eV for P1, P2 and P2, respectively) which shows that copolymers have good stability in the air and assured a higher open circuit voltage (Voc) for polymer BHJ solar cells. These copolymers were used as donors along with PC71BM and the BHJ polymer solar cells based on P1:PC71BM, P2:PC71BM and P3:PC71BM processed from chloroform (CF) solvent with 3 v% DIO as an additive showed an overall PCE of 4.55%, 6.76% and 5.16%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Keshtov
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova st., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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5
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Khlyabich PP, Rudenko AE, Burkhart B, Thompson BC. Contrasting performance of donor-acceptor copolymer pairs in ternary blend solar cells and two-acceptor copolymers in binary blend solar cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:2322-2330. [PMID: 25590225 DOI: 10.1021/am5066267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Here two contrasting approaches to polymer-fullerene solar cells are compared. In the first approach, two distinct semi-random donor-acceptor copolymers are blended with phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) to form ternary blend solar cells. The two poly(3-hexylthiophene)-based polymers contain either the acceptor thienopyrroledione (TPD) or diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP). In the second approach, semi-random donor-acceptor copolymers containing both TPD and DPP acceptors in the same polymer backbone, termed two-acceptor polymers, are blended with PC61BM to give binary blend solar cells. The two approaches result in bulk heterojunction solar cells that have the same molecular active-layer components but differ in the manner in which these molecular components are mixed, either by physical mixing (ternary blend) or chemical "mixing" in the two-acceptor (binary blend) case. Optical properties and photon-to-electron conversion efficiencies of the binary and ternary blends were found to have similar features and were described as a linear combination of the individual components. At the same time, significant differences were observed in the open-circuit voltage (Voc) behaviors of binary and ternary blend solar cells. While in case of two-acceptor polymers, the Voc was found to be in the range of 0.495-0.552 V, ternary blend solar cells showed behavior inherent to organic alloy formation, displaying an intermediate, composition-dependent and tunable Voc in the range from 0.582 to 0.684 V, significantly exceeding the values achieved in the two-acceptor containing binary blend solar cells. Despite the differences between the physical and chemical mixing approaches, both pathways provided solar cells with similar power conversion efficiencies, highlighting the advantages of both pathways toward highly efficient organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr P Khlyabich
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
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6
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Einax M, Nitzan A. Network Analysis of Photovoltaic Energy Conversion. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C 2014; 118:27226-27234. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5084373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Einax
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Abraham Nitzan
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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7
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Khlyabich PP, Rudenko AE, Thompson BC. Random poly(3-hexylthiophene-co
-3-cyanothiophene) copolymers with high open-circuit voltage in organic solar cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petr P. Khlyabich
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California 90089-1661
| | - Andrey E. Rudenko
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California 90089-1661
| | - Barry C. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California 90089-1661
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8
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Rudenko AE, Latif AA, Thompson BC. Influence of β-linkages on the morphology and performance of DArP P3HT-PC61BM solar cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:014005. [PMID: 24334441 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/1/014005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Direct arylation polymerization (DArP) has emerged as a greener and more atom-efficient alternative to Stille polymerization. Despite the attractiveness of this method, DArP is known to produce β-linkages in polymers, which have β-protons available for activation. Here, we report the influence of the β-defect content in DArP poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) on the performance of bulk-heterojunction solar cells and the morphology of pristine polymers and their blends with PC61BM in thin films and compare with Stille P3HT containing 0% β-defects as a reference point. The optical and electrochemical properties as well as the hole mobilities of pristine polymers remain virtually the same when the amount of β-defects is limited to 0.75% or lower, as evidenced by UV-visible absorption spectra, cyclic voltammetry and space-charge-limited current (SCLC) mobility measurements. However, an increase of β-defect concentration to 1.41% significantly affects the oxidation onset, UV-visible absorption profile and hole mobility of P3HT. The key result of this study is that the photovoltaic performance of DArP P3HT with 0% β-defects is remarkably close to that of Stille P3HT, whereas the performance of DArP P3HT with 0-0.75% β-defects does not differ dramatically from that of Stille P3HT and could potentially be improved upon by individual optimization of the processing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey E Rudenko
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, and Center for Energy Nanoscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1661, USA
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9
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Rudenko AE, Noh S, Thompson BC. Influence of selenophene on the properties of semi-random polymers and their blends with PC61BM. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 24:484002. [PMID: 24196287 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/48/484002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to broaden the absorption of conjugated polymers, atomistic bandgap control was applied to the semi-random polymer architecture. Here, we report the physical properties of semi-random polyselenophenes as compared to analogous polythiophenes. In order to examine the effect of the selenium heteroatom on the optical properties of the polymers, UV-vis spectra were studied and it was found that all polyselenophenes exhibit lower bandgaps and higher absorption coefficients in thin films. Further, differential scanning calorimetry and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction results indicate that semi-random polyselenophenes are semicrystalline polymers and their (100) interchain distances are shorter than in the case of semi-random polythiophenes, which may be responsible for higher absorption coefficients. To probe the effect of the selenium heteroatom on the nano-organization of these polymers and their blends with PC61BM, thin films were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TEM images show a segregation between more densely packed areas from less densely packed areas in the pristine polymer films, which is more pronounced for polyselenophenes than for polythiophenes. The blends of polyselenophenes with PC61BM do not show the well-defined segregation observed for the polythiophene analogues. However, the broadened and extended absorption of semi-random polyselenophenes translates into an extended photocurrent response in the photovoltaic devices, as evidenced by external quantum efficiency measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey E Rudenko
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, and Center for Energy Nanoscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1661, USA
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10
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Imidazolium-substituted ionic (co)polythiophenes: Compositional influence on solution behavior and thermal properties. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Khlyabich PP, Burkhart B, Rudenko AE, Thompson BC. Optimization and simplification of polymer–fullerene solar cells through polymer and active layer design. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Yevlampieva NP, Khurchak AP, Luponosov YN, Kleimyuk EA, Ponomarenko SA, Ryumtsev EI. Optical and electro-optical properties of silicon-contaning thiophene derivatives of star-shaped and dendritic structure. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427213050224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Marin L, Van Mierloo S, Zhang Y, Robeyns K, Champagne B, Adriaensens P, Lutsen L, Vanderzande D, Maes W. Reaction of 4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophenes with NBS—a route toward 2H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene-2,6(4H)-diones. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Street RA, Davies D, Khlyabich PP, Burkhart B, Thompson BC. Origin of the Tunable Open-Circuit Voltage in Ternary Blend Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:986-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3112143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Street
- Palo Alto Research Center, Palo Alto, California 94304, United States
| | - Daniel Davies
- Palo Alto Research Center, Palo Alto, California 94304, United States
| | - Petr P. Khlyabich
- Department of Chemistry and
Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United
States
| | - Beate Burkhart
- Department of Chemistry and
Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United
States
| | - Barry C. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and
Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United
States
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15
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Raj MR, Anandan S. Donor conjugated polymers-based on alkyl chain substituted oligobenzo[c]thiophene derivatives with well-balanced energy levels for bulk heterojunction solar cells. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41518j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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16
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Ghoos T, Malinkiewicz O, Conings B, Lutsen L, Vanderzande DJ, Bolink HJ, Maes W. Solution-processed bi-layer polythiophene–fullerene organic solar cells. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43986k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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17
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Sharma GD, Singh M, Kurchania R, Koukaras EN, Mikroyannidis JA. Synthesis and characterization of two carbazole-based alternating copolymers with 4-nitrophenylcyanovinylene pendant groups and their use as electron donors for bulk heterojunction solar cells. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42299b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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18
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Burkhart B, Khlyabich PP, Thompson BC. Semi-Random Two-Acceptor Polymers: Elucidating Electronic Trends Through Multiple Acceptor Combinations. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201200618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Kozycz LM, Gao D, Hollinger J, Seferos DS. Donor–Donor Block Copolymers for Ternary Organic Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3009349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Kozycz
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories,
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto,
Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dong Gao
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories,
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto,
Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jon Hollinger
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories,
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto,
Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dwight S. Seferos
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories,
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto,
Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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20
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Rudenko AE, Wiley CA, Stone SM, Tannaci JF, Thompson BC. Semi-random P3HT analogs via direct arylation polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Khlyabich PP, Burkhart B, Thompson BC. Compositional dependence of the open-circuit voltage in ternary blend bulk heterojunction solar cells based on two donor polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:9074-7. [PMID: 22587584 DOI: 10.1021/ja302935n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ternary blend bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells containing as donor polymers two P3HT analogues, high-band-gap poly(3-hexylthiophene-co-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene) (P3HT(75)-co-EHT(25)) and low-band-gap poly(3-hexylthiophene-thiophene-diketopyrrolopyrrole) (P3HTT-DPP-10%), with phenyl-C(61)-butyric acid methyl ester (PC(61)BM) as an acceptor were studied. When the ratio of the three components was varied, the open-circuit voltage (V(oc)) increased as the amount of P3HT(75)-co-EHT(25) increased. The dependence of V(oc) on the polymer composition for the ternary blend regime was linear when the overall polymer:fullerene ratio was optimized for each polymer:polymer ratio. Also, the short-circuit current densities (J(sc)) for the ternary blends were bettter than those of the binary blends because of complementary polymer absorption, as verified using external quantum efficiency measurements. High fill factors (FF) (>0.59) were achieved in all cases and are attributed to high charge-carrier mobilities in the ternary blends. As a result of the intermediate V(oc), increased J(sc) and high FF, the ternary blend BHJ solar cells showed power conversion efficiencies of up to 5.51%, exceeding those of the corresponding binary blends (3.16 and 5.07%). Importantly, this work shows that upon optimization of the overall polymer:fullerene ratio at each polymer:polymer ratio, high FF, regular variations in V(oc), and enhanced J(sc) are possible throughout the ternary blend composition regime. This adds to the growing evidence that the use of ternary blends is a general and effective strategy for producing efficient organic photovoltaics manufactured in a single active-layer processing step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr P Khlyabich
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
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22
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Burkhart B, Khlyabich PP, Thompson BC. Influence of the Ethylhexyl Side-Chain Content on the Open-Circuit Voltage in rr-Poly(3-hexylthiophene-co-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene) Copolymers. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma300263a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beate Burkhart
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon
Research
Institute, and Center for Energy Nanoscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661,
United States
| | - Petr P. Khlyabich
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon
Research
Institute, and Center for Energy Nanoscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661,
United States
| | - Barry C. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon
Research
Institute, and Center for Energy Nanoscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661,
United States
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23
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Sharma GD, Mikroyannidis JA, Kurchania R, Thomas KRJ. Organic bulk heterojunction solar cells based on solution processable small molecules (A–π–A) featuring 2-(4-nitrophenyl) acrylonitrile acceptors and phthalimide-based π-linkers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm16915k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Khlyabich PP, Burkhart B, Thompson BC. Efficient Ternary Blend Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells with Tunable Open-Circuit Voltage. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:14534-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja205977z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petr P. Khlyabich
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Beate Burkhart
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Barry C. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
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25
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Khlyabich PP, Burkhart B, Ng CF, Thompson BC. Efficient Solar Cells from Semi-random P3HT Analogues Incorporating Diketopyrrolopyrrole. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2009386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petr P. Khlyabich
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, and Center for Energy Nanoscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Beate Burkhart
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, and Center for Energy Nanoscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Christi F. Ng
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, and Center for Energy Nanoscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Barry C. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, and Center for Energy Nanoscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
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