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Magistrati M, Gilea AI, Gerra MC, Baruffini E, Dallabona C. Drug Drop Test: How to Quickly Identify Potential Therapeutic Compounds for Mitochondrial Diseases Using Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10696. [PMID: 37445873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) refer to a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous pathologies characterized by defective mitochondrial function and energy production. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment for most MDs, and current therapeutic management is limited to relieving symptoms. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been efficiently used as a model organism to study mitochondria-related disorders thanks to its easy manipulation and well-known mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism. It has been successfully exploited both to validate alleged pathogenic variants identified in patients and to discover potential beneficial molecules for their treatment. The so-called "drug drop test", a phenotype-based high-throughput screening, especially if coupled with a drug repurposing approach, allows the identification of molecules with high translational potential in a cost-effective and time-saving manner. In addition to drug identification, S. cerevisiae can be used to point out the drug's target or pathway. To date, drug drop tests have been successfully carried out for a variety of disease models, leading to very promising results. The most relevant aspect is that studies on more complex model organisms confirmed the effectiveness of the drugs, strengthening the results obtained in yeast and demonstrating the usefulness of this screening as a novel approach to revealing new therapeutic molecules for MDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Magistrati
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Alexandru Ionut Gilea
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Gerra
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Enrico Baruffini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Cristina Dallabona
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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Mukherjee S, Das S, Bedi M, Vadupu L, Ball WB, Ghosh A. Methylglyoxal-mediated Gpd1 activation restores the mitochondrial defects in a yeast model of mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130328. [PMID: 36791826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Human MPV17, an evolutionarily conserved mitochondrial inner-membrane channel protein, accounts for the tissue-specific mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. However, the precise molecular function of the MPV17 protein is still elusive. Previous studies showed that the mitochondrial morphology and cristae organization are severely disrupted in the MPV17 knockout cells from yeast, zebrafish, and mammalian tissues. As mitochondrial cristae morphology is strictly regulated by the membrane phospholipids composition, we measured mitochondrial membrane phospholipids (PLs) levels in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae MPV17 ortholog, SYM1 (Stress-inducible Yeast MPV17) deleted cells. We found that Sym1 knockout decreases the mitochondrial membrane PL, phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE), and inhibits respiratory growth at 37 ̊C on rich media. Both the oxygen consumption rate and the steady state expressions of mitochondrial complex II and super-complexes are compromised. Apart from mitochondrial PE defect a significant depletion of mitochondrial phosphatidyl-choline (PC) was noticed in the sym1∆ cells grown on synthetic media at both 30 ̊C and 37 ̊C temperatures. Surprisingly, exogenous supplementation of methylglyoxal (MG), an intrinsic side product of glycolysis, rescues the respiratory growth of Sym1 deficient yeast cells. Using a combination of molecular biology and lipid biochemistry, we uncovered that MG simultaneously restores both the mitochondrial PE/PC levels and the respiration by enhancing cytosolic NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (Gpd1) enzymatic activity. Further, MG is incapable to restore respiratory growth of the sym1∆gpd1∆ double knockout cells. Thus, our work provides Gpd1 activation as a novel strategy for combating Sym1 deficiency and PC/PE defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyajit Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata Pin-700019, India
| | - Shubhojit Das
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata Pin-700019, India
| | - Minakshi Bedi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata Pin-700019, India
| | - Lavanya Vadupu
- Department of the Biological Sciences, SRM University- AP, Andhra Pradesh Pin- 522240, India
| | - Writoban Basu Ball
- Department of the Biological Sciences, SRM University- AP, Andhra Pradesh Pin- 522240, India
| | - Alok Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata Pin-700019, India.
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Lagies S, Pan D, Mohl DA, Plattner DA, Gentle IE, Kammerer B. Mitochondrial Metabolomics of Sym1-Depleted Yeast Cells Revealed Them to Be Lysine Auxotroph. Cells 2023; 12:692. [PMID: 36899826 PMCID: PMC10000845 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics has expanded from cellular to subcellular level to elucidate subcellular compartmentalization. By applying isolated mitochondria to metabolome analysis, the hallmark of mitochondrial metabolites has been unraveled, showing compartment-specific distribution and regulation of metabolites. This method was employed in this work to study a mitochondrial inner membrane protein Sym1, whose human ortholog MPV17 is related to mitochondria DNA depletion syndrome. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolic profiling was combined with targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis to cover more metabolites. Furthermore, we applied a workflow employing ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry with a powerful chemometrics platform, focusing on only significantly changed metabolites. This workflow highly reduced the complexity of acquired data without losing metabolites of interest. Consequently, forty-one novel metabolites were identified in addition to the combined method, of which two metabolites, 4-guanidinobutanal and 4-guanidinobutanoate, were identified for the first time in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. With compartment-specific metabolomics, we identified sym1Δ cells as lysine auxotroph. The highly reduced carbamoyl-aspartate and orotic acid indicate a potential role of the mitochondrial inner membrane protein Sym1 in pyrimidine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lagies
- Core Competence Metabolomics, Hilde-Mangold-Haus, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daqiang Pan
- Core Competence Metabolomics, Hilde-Mangold-Haus, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel A. Mohl
- Core Competence Metabolomics, Hilde-Mangold-Haus, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar A. Plattner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ian E. Gentle
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Kammerer
- Core Competence Metabolomics, Hilde-Mangold-Haus, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Almannai M, El-Hattab AW, Azamian MS, Ali M, Scaglia F. Mitochondrial DNA maintenance defects: potential therapeutic strategies. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 137:40-48. [PMID: 35914366 PMCID: PMC10401187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication depends on the mitochondrial import of hundreds of nuclear encoded proteins that control the mitochondrial genome maintenance and integrity. Defects in these processes result in an expanding group of disorders called mtDNA maintenance defects that are characterized by mtDNA depletion and/or multiple mtDNA deletions with variable phenotypic manifestations. As it applies for mitochondrial disorders in general, current treatment options for mtDNA maintenance defects are limited. Lately, with the development of model organisms, improved understanding of the pathophysiology of these disorders, and a better knowledge of their natural history, the number of preclinical studies and existing and planned clinical trials has been increasing. In this review, we discuss recent preclinical studies and current and future clinical trials concerning potential therapeutic options for the different mtDNA maintenance defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Almannai
- Genetics and Precision Medicine Department (GPM), King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital (KASCH), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman W El-Hattab
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahshid S Azamian
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - May Ali
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Joint BCM-CUHK Center of Medical Genetics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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Comprehensive Analysis on the Specific Role and Function of Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Protein MPV17 in Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Genet Res (Camb) 2022; 2022:7236823. [PMID: 35919033 PMCID: PMC9325347 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7236823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is the predominant type of liver cancer, and its treatment still faces great challenges presently. Mitochondrial inner membrane protein MPV17 is reported to be involved in multiple biological activities of cancers. Here, we seek to investigate the specific role and functions of MPV17 in LIHC progression. Methods Firstly, MPV17 expressions in various tumors and corresponding normal samples and LIHC groups with various clinical features were analyzed, respectively. Next, the relationship between MPV17 expression and LIHC survival was analyzed and verified by AUC curves. Besides, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for LIHC were screened from TCGA and then analyzed by GO and KEGG. Then, MPV17 was analyzed by prognostic model, Cox analysis, predictive nomogram, pathway correlation, and immunoassay. Finally, the functions of MPV17 were determined by CCK-8 and Tranwell assays. Results In most tumors, MPV17 expression was higher than that in the normal group, and it was related to LIHC clinical features. In the LIHC survival analysis, highly expressed MPV17 was associated with a poor prognosis. Besides, 314 upregulated and 193 downregulated DEGs are mainly involved in the TNF signaling pathway and tyrosine metabolism. Through prognostic model, Cox analysis, and predictive nomogram, MPV17 had the prognostic value for LIHC. Gene-pathway correlation analysis showed that MPV17 had the strongest correlation with the G2M_checkpoint pathway. In an immunoassay, MPV17 had a strong correlation with many immune cells. Functional assays showed that MPV17 reduction in LIHC cells could inhibit cell invasion, migration, and proliferation. Conclusion MPV17, as a tumor promoter, could be a new biomarker for LIHC diagnosis and prognosis and probably shed new light on the exploration of LIHC therapies.
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Lunn D, Smith GA, Wallis JG, Browse J. Overexpression mutants reveal a role for a chloroplast MPD protein in regulation of reactive oxygen species during chilling in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2666-2681. [PMID: 35084440 PMCID: PMC9015808 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to cellular damage in several different contexts, but their role during chilling damage is poorly defined. Chilling sensitivity both limits the distribution of plant species and causes devastating crop losses worldwide. Our screen of chilling-tolerant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) for mutants that suffer chilling damage identified a gene (At4g03410) encoding a chloroplast Mpv17_PMP22 protein, MPD1, with no previous connection to chilling. The chilling-sensitive mpd1-1 mutant is an overexpression allele that we successfully phenocopied by creating transgenic lines with a similar level of MPD1 overexpression. In mammals and yeast, MPD1 homologs are associated with ROS management. In chilling conditions, Arabidopsis overexpressing MPD1 accumulated H2O2 to higher levels than wild-type controls and exhibited stronger induction of ROS response genes. Paraquat application exacerbated chilling damage, confirming that the phenotype occurs due to ROS dysregulation. We conclude that at low temperature increased MPD1 expression results in increased ROS production, causing chilling damage. Our discovery of the effect of MPD1 overexpression on ROS production under chilling stress implies that investigation of the nine other members of the Mpv17_PMP22 family in Arabidopsis may lead to new discoveries regarding ROS signaling and management in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lunn
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340, USA
| | - Gracen A Smith
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340, USA
| | - James G Wallis
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340, USA
| | - John Browse
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340, USA
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a Tool for Studying Mutations in Nuclear Genes Involved in Diseases Caused by Mitochondrial DNA Instability. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121866. [PMID: 34946817 PMCID: PMC8701800 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance is critical for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) since some subunits of the respiratory chain complexes are mitochondrially encoded. Pathological mutations in nuclear genes involved in the mtDNA metabolism may result in a quantitative decrease in mtDNA levels, referred to as mtDNA depletion, or in qualitative defects in mtDNA, especially in multiple deletions. Since, in the last decade, most of the novel mutations have been identified through whole-exome sequencing, it is crucial to confirm the pathogenicity by functional analysis in the appropriate model systems. Among these, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has proved to be a good model for studying mutations associated with mtDNA instability. This review focuses on the use of yeast for evaluating the pathogenicity of mutations in six genes, MPV17/SYM1, MRM2/MRM2, OPA1/MGM1, POLG/MIP1, RRM2B/RNR2, and SLC25A4/AAC2, all associated with mtDNA depletion or multiple deletions. We highlight the techniques used to construct a specific model and to measure the mtDNA instability as well as the main results obtained. We then report the contribution that yeast has given in understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of the mutant variants, in finding the genetic suppressors of the mitochondrial defects and in the discovery of molecules able to improve the mtDNA stability.
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di Punzio G, Gilberti M, Baruffini E, Lodi T, Donnini C, Dallabona C. A Yeast-Based Repurposing Approach for the Treatment of Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndromes Led to the Identification of Molecules Able to Modulate the dNTP Pool. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212223. [PMID: 34830106 PMCID: PMC8621932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes (MDS) are clinically heterogenous and often severe diseases, characterized by a reduction of the number of copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in affected tissues. In the context of MDS, yeast has proved to be both an excellent model for the study of the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial pathologies and for the discovery of new therapies via high-throughput assays. Among the several genes involved in MDS, it has been shown that recessive mutations in MPV17 cause a hepatocerebral form of MDS and Navajo neurohepatopathy. MPV17 encodes a non selective channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane, but its physiological role and the nature of its cargo remains elusive. In this study we identify ten drugs active against MPV17 disorder, modelled in yeast using the homologous gene SYM1. All ten of the identified molecules cause a concomitant increase of both the mitochondrial deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (mtdNTP) pool and mtDNA stability, which suggests that the reduced availability of DNA synthesis precursors is the cause for the mtDNA deletion and depletion associated with Sym1 deficiency. We finally evaluated the effect of these molecules on mtDNA stability in two other MDS yeast models, extending the potential use of these drugs to a wider range of MDS patients.
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Zhang J, Qi J, Shi F, Pan H, Liu M, Tian R, Geng Y, Li H, Qu Y, Chen J, Seim I, Li M. Insights into the Evolution of Neoteny from the Genome of the Asian Icefish Protosalanx chinensis. iScience 2020; 23:101267. [PMID: 32593955 PMCID: PMC7327861 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Salangids, known as Asian icefishes, represent a peculiar radiation within the bony fish order Protacanthopterygii where adult fish retain larval characteristics such as transparent and miniaturized bodies and a cartilaginous endoskeleton into adulthood. Here, we report a de novo genome of Protosalanx chinensis, the most widely distributed salangid lineage. The P. chinensis genome assembly is more contiguous and complete than a previous assembly. We estimate that P. chinensis, salmons, trouts, and pikes diverged from a common ancestor 185 million years ago. A juxtaposition with other fish genomes revealed loss of the genes encoding ectodysplasin-A receptor (EDAR), SCPP1, and four Hox proteins and likely lack of canonical fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF5) function. We also report genomic variations of P. chinensis possibly reflecting the immune system repertoire of a species with a larval phenotype in sexually mature individuals. The new Asian icefish reference genome provides a solid foundation for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jiwei Qi
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fanglei Shi
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huijuan Pan
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ran Tian
- Integrative Biology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Yuepan Geng
- Integrative Biology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Huaying Li
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yujie Qu
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinping Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource, Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou 510260, China.
| | - Inge Seim
- Integrative Biology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China; Comparative and Endocrine Biology Laboratory, Translational Research Institute-Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Ming Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
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Wi J, Na Y, Yang E, Lee JH, Jeong WJ, Choi DW. Arabidopsis AtMPV17, a homolog of mice MPV17, enhances osmotic stress tolerance. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:1341-1348. [PMID: 32647452 PMCID: PMC7326884 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00834-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mutation in the human MPV17 gene or the functional yeast orthologue SYM1 result in mitochondrial DNA depletion. MPV17 homologs are also found in plants including Arabidopsis, but the function of these genes remain unclear. Arabidopsis genome contains 10 MPV17 homologs. Among these, the AtMPV17 protein was localized in mitochondria as MPV17 and SYM1. The yeast sym1 knock out mutant cannot grow on ethanol-containing medium at 37 °C. AtMPV17 complements the ethanol growth defection of sym1 yeast MPV17 ortholog cells at 37 °C, suggesting that AtMPV17 is a functional ortholog of SYM1. AtMPV17 knock out mutant, atmpv17 show similar growth and seed development to those of the wild-type plant on normal growth condition. However, atmpv17 mutant is more sensitive to ABA and mannitol during germination and seedling growth than wild type plants. Growth retardation of the atmpv17 knock out mutant on medium containing ABA and mannitol is complemented by AtMPV17 overexpression. These results suggest that the AtMPV17 contributes to osmotic stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwoong Wi
- Department of Biology Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonju Na
- Department of Biology Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Yang
- Department of Biology Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Biology Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Joong Jeong
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woog Choi
- Department of Biology Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
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Canonne M, Wanet A, Nguyen TTA, Khelfi A, Ayama-Canden S, Van Steenbrugge M, Fattaccioli A, Sokal E, Najimi M, Arnould T, Renard P. MPV17 does not control cancer cell proliferation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229834. [PMID: 32155188 PMCID: PMC7064194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MPV17 is described as a mitochondrial inner membrane channel. Although its function remains elusive, mutations in the MPV17 gene result in hepato-cerebral mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome in humans. In this study, we show that MPV17 silencing does not induce depletion in mitochondrial DNA content in cancer cells. We also show that MPV17 does not control cancer cell proliferation despite the fact that we initially observed a reduced proliferation rate in five MPV17-silenced cancer cell lines with two different shRNAs. However, shRNA-mediated MPV17 knockdown performed in this work provided misguiding results regarding the resulting proliferation phenotype and only a rescue experiment was able to shed definitive light on the implication of MPV17 in cancer cell proliferation. Our results therefore emphasize the caution that is required when scientific conclusions are drawn from a work based on lentiviral vector-based gene silencing and clearly demonstrate the need to systematically perform a rescue experiment in order to ascertain the specific nature of the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Canonne
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Anaïs Wanet
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Thuy Truong An Nguyen
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Alexis Khelfi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Sophie Ayama-Canden
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Martine Van Steenbrugge
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Antoine Fattaccioli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Etienne Sokal
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mustapha Najimi
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Arnould
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Patricia Renard
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Singh R, Manivannan S, Krikken AM, de Boer R, Bordin N, Devos DP, van der Klei IJ. Hansenula polymorpha Pex37 is a peroxisomal membrane protein required for organelle fission and segregation. FEBS J 2019; 287:1742-1757. [PMID: 31692262 PMCID: PMC7318627 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here, we describe a novel peroxin, Pex37, in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha. H. polymorpha Pex37 is a peroxisomal membrane protein, which belongs to a protein family that includes, among others, the Neurospora crassa Woronin body protein Wsc, the human peroxisomal membrane protein PXMP2, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial inner membrane protein Sym1, and its mammalian homologue MPV17. We show that deletion of H. polymorpha PEX37 does not appear to have a significant effect on peroxisome biogenesis or proliferation in cells grown at peroxisome‐inducing growth conditions (methanol). However, the absence of Pex37 results in a reduction in peroxisome numbers and a defect in peroxisome segregation in cells grown at peroxisome‐repressing conditions (glucose). Conversely, overproduction of Pex37 in glucose‐grown cells results in an increase in peroxisome numbers in conjunction with a decrease in their size. The increase in numbers in PEX37‐overexpressing cells depends on the dynamin‐related protein Dnm1. Together our data suggest that Pex37 is involved in peroxisome fission in glucose‐grown cells. Introduction of human PXMP2 in H. polymorpha pex37 cells partially restored the peroxisomal phenotype, indicating that PXMP2 represents a functional homologue of Pex37. H.polymorpha pex37 cells did not show aberrant growth on any of the tested carbon and nitrogen sources that are metabolized by peroxisomal enzymes, suggesting that Pex37 may not fulfill an essential function in transport of these substrates or compounds required for their metabolism across the peroxisomal membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Singh
- Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Selvambigai Manivannan
- Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arjen M Krikken
- Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rinse de Boer
- Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicola Bordin
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.,Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, UK
| | - Damien P Devos
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Ida J van der Klei
- Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
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13
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Martorano L, Peron M, Laquatra C, Lidron E, Facchinello N, Meneghetti G, Tiso N, Rasola A, Ghezzi D, Argenton F. The zebrafish orthologue of the human hepatocerebral disease gene MPV17 plays pleiotropic roles in mitochondria. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm.037226. [PMID: 30833296 PMCID: PMC6451431 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.037226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes (MDS) are a group of rare autosomal recessive disorders with early onset and no cure available. MDS are caused by mutations in nuclear genes involved in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance, and characterized by both a strong reduction in mtDNA content and severe mitochondrial defects in affected tissues. Mutations in MPV17, a nuclear gene encoding a mitochondrial inner membrane protein, have been associated with hepatocerebral forms of MDS. The zebrafish mpv17 null mutant lacks the guanine-based reflective skin cells named iridophores and represents a promising model to clarify the role of Mpv17. In this study, we characterized the mitochondrial phenotype of mpv17−/− larvae and found early and severe ultrastructural alterations in liver mitochondria, as well as significant impairment of the respiratory chain, leading to activation of the mitochondrial quality control. Our results provide evidence for zebrafish Mpv17 being essential for maintaining mitochondrial structure and functionality, while its effects on mtDNA copy number seem to be subordinate. Considering that a role in nucleotide availability had already been postulated for MPV17, that embryos blocked in pyrimidine synthesis do phenocopy mpv17−/− knockouts (KOs) and that mpv17−/− KOs have impaired Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase activity, we provided mpv17 mutants with the pyrimidine precursor orotic acid (OA). Treatment with OA, an easily available food supplement, significantly increased both iridophore number and mtDNA content in mpv17−/− mutants, thus linking the loss of Mpv17 to pyrimidine de novo synthesis and opening a new simple therapeutic approach for MPV17-related MDS. Summary: The zebrafish mpv17−/− mutant shows a severe mitochondrial phenotype with ultrastructural alterations and oxidative phosphorylation impairment. The pyrimidine precursor orotic acid ameliorates mpv17−/− phenotype and increases mitochondrial DNA content, linking the loss of Mpv17 to pyrimidine de novo synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martorano
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Margherita Peron
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Laquatra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Lidron
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Facchinello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Meneghetti
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Natascia Tiso
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Rasola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Daniele Ghezzi
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Libero Temolo 4, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Argenton
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
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14
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Alonzo JR, Venkataraman C, Field MS, Stover PJ. The mitochondrial inner membrane protein MPV17 prevents uracil accumulation in mitochondrial DNA. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:20285-20294. [PMID: 30385507 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial inner membrane protein MPV17 is a protein of unknown function that is associated with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-depletion syndrome (MDS). MPV17 loss-of-function has been reported to result in tissue-specific nucleotide pool imbalances, which can occur in states of perturbed folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism (FOCM), but MPV17 has not been directly linked to FOCM. FOCM is a metabolic network that provides one-carbon units for the de novo synthesis of purine and thymidylate nucleotides (e.g. dTMP) for both nuclear DNA (nuDNA) and mtDNA replication. In this study, we investigated the impact of reduced MPV17 expression on markers of impaired FOCM in HeLa cells. Depressed MPV17 expression reduced mitochondrial folate levels by 43% and increased uracil levels, a marker of impaired dTMP synthesis, in mtDNA by 3-fold. The capacity of mitochondrial de novo and salvage pathway dTMP biosynthesis was unchanged by the reduced MPV17 expression, but the elevated levels of uracil in mtDNA suggested that other sources of mitochondrial dTMP are compromised in MPV17-deficient cells. These results indicate that MPV17 provides a third dTMP source, potentially by serving as a transporter that transfers dTMP from the cytosol to mitochondria to sustain mtDNA synthesis. We propose that MPV17 loss-of-function and related hepatocerebral MDS are linked to impaired FOCM in mitochondria by providing insufficient access to cytosolic dTMP pools and by severely reducing mitochondrial folate pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith R Alonzo
- From the Graduate Field of Biochemistry, Molecular, and Cellular Biology and
| | - Chantel Venkataraman
- the Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Martha S Field
- the Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Patrick J Stover
- From the Graduate Field of Biochemistry, Molecular, and Cellular Biology and; the Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
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15
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Baumann M, Schreiber H, Schlotter‐Weigel B, Löscher WN, Stucka R, Karall D, Strom TM, Bauer P, Krabichler B, Fauth C, Glaeser D, Senderek J. MPV17
mutations in juvenile‐ and adult‐onset axonal sensorimotor polyneuropathy. Clin Genet 2018; 95:182-186. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Baumann
- Department of Pediatrics IMedical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Herbert Schreiber
- Neurological Practice Center and Neuropoint Patient Academy Ulm Germany
| | - Beate Schlotter‐Weigel
- Friedrich‐Baur‐Institute at the Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital Munich Germany
| | - Wolfgang N. Löscher
- Clinical Department of NeurologyMedical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Rolf Stucka
- Friedrich‐Baur‐Institute at the Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital Munich Germany
| | - Daniela Karall
- Department of Pediatrics IMedical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Tim M. Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, and Institute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Peter Bauer
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics Tübingen Germany
| | - Birgit Krabichler
- Division of Human GeneticsMedical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Christine Fauth
- Division of Human GeneticsMedical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | | | - Jan Senderek
- Friedrich‐Baur‐Institute at the Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital Munich Germany
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16
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Gilberti M, Baruffini E, Donnini C, Dallabona C. Pathological alleles of MPV17 modeled in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae orthologous gene SYM1 reveal their inability to take part in a high molecular weight complex. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205014. [PMID: 30273399 PMCID: PMC6166979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes (MDDS) are a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of human diseases caused by mutations in nuclear genes and characterized by a severe reduction in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number leading to impaired energy production in affected tissues and organs. Mutations in the MPV17 gene, whose role is still elusive, were described as cause of the hepatocerebral form of MDDS and Navajo neuro-hepathopathy. The high degree of conservation observed between MPV17 and its yeast homolog SYM1 made the latter a good model for the study of the pathology. Here, we used Saccharomyces cerevisiae to elucidate the molecular consequences of seven MPV17 missense mutations identified in patients and localized in different protein domains. The phenotypic analysis of the appropriate sym1 mutant strains created demonstrated deleterious effect for all mutations regarding OXPHOS metabolism and mtDNA stability. We deepened the pathogenic effect of the mutations by investigating whether they prevented the correct protein localization into the mitochondria or affected the stability of the proteins. All the Sym1 mutant proteins correctly localized into the mitochondria and only one mutation predominantly affects protein stability. All the other mutations compromised the formation of the high molecular weight complex of unknown composition, previously identified both in yeast, cell cultures and mouse tissues, as demonstrated by the consistent fraction of the Sym1 mutant proteins found free or in not fully assembled complex, strengthening its role as protein forming part of a high molecular weight complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micol Gilberti
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Enrico Baruffini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudia Donnini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Cristina Dallabona
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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17
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El-Hattab AW, Wang J, Dai H, Almannai M, Staufner C, Alfadhel M, Gambello MJ, Prasun P, Raza S, Lyons HJ, Afqi M, Saleh MAM, Faqeih EA, Alzaidan HI, Alshenqiti A, Flore LA, Hertecant J, Sacharow S, Barbouth DS, Murayama K, Shah AA, Lin HC, Wong LJC. MPV17-related mitochondrial DNA maintenance defect: New cases and review of clinical, biochemical, and molecular aspects. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:461-470. [PMID: 29282788 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance defects are a group of diseases caused by deficiency of proteins involved in mtDNA synthesis, mitochondrial nucleotide supply, or mitochondrial dynamics. One of the mtDNA maintenance proteins is MPV17, which is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein involved in importing deoxynucleotides into the mitochondria. In 2006, pathogenic variants in MPV17 were first reported to cause infantile-onset hepatocerebral mtDNA depletion syndrome and Navajo neurohepatopathy. To date, 75 individuals with MPV17-related mtDNA maintenance defect have been reported with 39 different MPV17 pathogenic variants. In this report, we present an additional 25 affected individuals with nine novel MPV17 pathogenic variants. We summarize the clinical features of all 100 affected individuals and review the total 48 MPV17 pathogenic variants. The vast majority of affected individuals presented with an early-onset encephalohepatopathic disease characterized by hepatic and neurological manifestations, failure to thrive, lactic acidemia, and mtDNA depletion detected mainly in liver tissue. Rarely, MPV17 deficiency can cause a late-onset neuromyopathic disease characterized by myopathy and peripheral neuropathy with no or minimal liver involvement. Approximately half of the MPV17 pathogenic variants are missense. A genotype with biallelic missense variants, in particular homozygous p.R50Q, p.P98L, and p.R41Q, can carry a relatively better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman W El-Hattab
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Metabolic Disorders, Pediatric Department, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Julia Wang
- Medical Scientist Training Program and Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Hongzheng Dai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Mohammed Almannai
- Section of Medical Genetics, King Fahad Medical City, Children's Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christian Staufner
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael J Gambello
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Pankaj Prasun
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Saleem Raza
- Department of Pediatrics, St John Hospital and Medical Center and Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Hernando J Lyons
- Department of Pediatrics, St John Hospital and Medical Center and Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Manal Afqi
- Section of Medical Genetics, King Fahad Medical City, Children's Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A M Saleh
- Section of Medical Genetics, King Fahad Medical City, Children's Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eissa A Faqeih
- Section of Medical Genetics, King Fahad Medical City, Children's Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad I Alzaidan
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abduljabbar Alshenqiti
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leigh Anne Flore
- Division of Genetic, Genomic, and Metabolic Disorders, Children's Hospital of Michigan and Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Jozef Hertecant
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Metabolic Disorders, Pediatric Department, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Stephanie Sacharow
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deborah S Barbouth
- Division of Clinical and Translational Genetics, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Kei Murayama
- Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Amit A Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Henry C Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lee-Jun C Wong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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18
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D'Agati G, Beltre R, Sessa A, Burger A, Zhou Y, Mosimann C, White RM. A defect in the mitochondrial protein Mpv17 underlies the transparent casper zebrafish. Dev Biol 2017; 430:11-17. [PMID: 28760346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The casper strain of zebrafish is widely used in studies ranging from cancer to neuroscience. casper offers the advantage of relative transparency throughout adulthood, making it particularly useful for in vivo imaging by epifluorescence, confocal, and light sheet microscopy. casper was developed by selective breeding of two previously described recessive pigment mutants: 1) nacre, which harbors an inactivating mutation of the mitfa gene, rendering the fish devoid of pigmented melanocytes; and 2) roy orbison, a mutant with a so-far unidentified genetic cause that lacks reflective iridophores. To clarify the molecular nature of the roy orbison mutation, such that it can inform studies using casper, we undertook an effort to positionally clone the roy orbison mutation. We find that roy orbison is caused by an intronic defect in the gene mpv17, encoding an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that has been implicated in the human mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. The roy orbison mutation is phenotypically and molecularly remarkably similar to another zebrafish iridophore mutant called transparent. Using Cas9-induced crispants and germline mutants with a disrupted mpv17 open reading frame, we show in trans-heterozygote embryos that new frameshift alleles of mpv17, roy orbison, and transparent fail to complement each other. Our work provides genetic evidence that both roy orbison and transparent affect the mpv17 locus by a similar if not identical genetic lesion. Identification of mpv17 mutants will allow for further work probing the relationship between mitochondrial function and pigmentation, which has to date received little attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca D'Agati
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rosanna Beltre
- Hematology&Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anna Sessa
- Hematology&Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alexa Burger
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yi Zhou
- Hematology&Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christian Mosimann
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Richard M White
- Cancer Biology&Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.
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19
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El-Hattab AW, Craigen WJ, Scaglia F. Mitochondrial DNA maintenance defects. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1539-1555. [PMID: 28215579 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depends on a number of nuclear gene-encoded proteins including a battery of enzymes forming the replisome needed to synthesize mtDNA. These enzymes need to be in balanced quantities to function properly that is in part achieved by exchanging intramitochondrial contents through mitochondrial fusion. In addition, mtDNA synthesis requires a balanced supply of nucleotides that is achieved by nucleotide recycling inside the mitochondria and import from the cytosol. Mitochondrial DNA maintenance defects (MDMDs) are a group of diseases caused by pathogenic variants in the nuclear genes involved in mtDNA maintenance resulting in impaired mtDNA synthesis leading to quantitative (mtDNA depletion) and qualitative (multiple mtDNA deletions) defects in mtDNA. Defective mtDNA leads to organ dysfunction due to insufficient mtDNA-encoded protein synthesis, resulting in an inadequate energy production to meet the needs of affected organs. MDMDs are inherited as autosomal recessive or dominant traits, and are associated with a broad phenotypic spectrum ranging from mild adult-onset ophthalmoplegia to severe infantile fatal hepatic failure. To date, pathogenic variants in 20 nuclear genes known to be crucial for mtDNA maintenance have been linked to MDMDs, including genes encoding enzymes of mtDNA replication machinery (POLG, POLG2, TWNK, TFAM, RNASEH1, MGME1, and DNA2), genes encoding proteins that function in maintaining a balanced mitochondrial nucleotide pool (TK2, DGUOK, SUCLG1, SUCLA2, ABAT, RRM2B, TYMP, SLC25A4, AGK, and MPV17), and genes encoding proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion (OPA1, MFN2, and FBXL4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman W El-Hattab
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Metabolic Disorders, Pediatrics Department, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - William J Craigen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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20
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Weiher H, Pircher H, Jansen-Dürr P, Hegenbarth S, Knolle P, Grunau S, Vapola M, Hiltunen JK, Zwacka RM, Schmelzer E, Reumann K, Will H. A monoclonal antibody raised against bacterially expressed MPV17 sequences shows peroxisomal, endosomal and lysosomal localisation in U2OS cells. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:128. [PMID: 26921094 PMCID: PMC4769525 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-016-1939-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recessive mutations in the MPV17 gene cause mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, a fatal infantile genetic liver disease in humans. Loss of function in mice leads to glomerulosclerosis and sensineural deafness accompanied with mitochondrial DNA depletion. Mutations in the yeast homolog Sym1, and in the zebra fish homolog tra cause interesting, but not obviously related phenotypes, although the human gene can complement the yeast Sym1 mutation. The MPV17 protein is a hydrophobic membrane protein of 176 amino acids and unknown function. Initially localised in murine peroxisomes, it was later reported to be a mitochondrial inner membrane protein in humans and in yeast. To resolve this contradiction we tested two new mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against the human MPV17 protein in Western blots and immunohistochemistry on human U2OS cells. One of these monoclonal antibodies showed specific reactivity to a protein of 20 kD absent in MPV17 negative mouse cells. Immunofluorescence studies revealed colocalisation with peroxisomal, endosomal and lysosomal markers, but not with mitochondria. This data reveal a novel connection between a possible peroxisomal/endosomal/lysosomal function and mitochondrial DNA depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Weiher
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz-Institute for Experimental Virology, Martinistrasse 52, 20251, Hamburg, Germany. .,Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University, von Liebig Strasse 20, 53359, Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - Haymo Pircher
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Pidder Jansen-Dürr
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Silke Hegenbarth
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Universität Bonn, 53105, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Percy Knolle
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Universität Bonn, 53105, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Silke Grunau
- Department of Biochemistry, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Miia Vapola
- Department of Biochemistry, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - J Kalervo Hiltunen
- Department of Biochemistry, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Ralf M Zwacka
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.
| | - Elmon Schmelzer
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Kerstin Reumann
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz-Institute for Experimental Virology, Martinistrasse 52, 20251, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Hans Will
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz-Institute for Experimental Virology, Martinistrasse 52, 20251, Hamburg, Germany.
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21
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Ahmed N, Ronchi D, Comi GP. Genes and Pathways Involved in Adult Onset Disorders Featuring Muscle Mitochondrial DNA Instability. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:18054-76. [PMID: 26251896 PMCID: PMC4581235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160818054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Replication and maintenance of mtDNA entirely relies on a set of proteins encoded by the nuclear genome, which include members of the core replicative machinery, proteins involved in the homeostasis of mitochondrial dNTPs pools or deputed to the control of mitochondrial dynamics and morphology. Mutations in their coding genes have been observed in familial and sporadic forms of pediatric and adult-onset clinical phenotypes featuring mtDNA instability. The list of defects involved in these disorders has recently expanded, including mutations in the exo-/endo-nuclease flap-processing proteins MGME1 and DNA2, supporting the notion that an enzymatic DNA repair system actively takes place in mitochondria. The results obtained in the last few years acknowledge the contribution of next-generation sequencing methods in the identification of new disease loci in small groups of patients and even single probands. Although heterogeneous, these genes can be conveniently classified according to the pathway to which they belong. The definition of the molecular and biochemical features of these pathways might be helpful for fundamental knowledge of these disorders, to accelerate genetic diagnosis of patients and the development of rational therapies. In this review, we discuss the molecular findings disclosed in adult patients with muscle pathology hallmarked by mtDNA instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghia Ahmed
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Dario Ronchi
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan 20122, Italy.
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Li A, Li L, Sun X, Ni Y, Chen X, Guo A, Chen X. Increased Expression of Mitochondrial Inner-Membrane Protein Mpv17 After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Adult Rats. Neurochem Res 2015; 40:1620-30. [PMID: 26123482 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1644-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The Mpv17 gene encodes a mitochondrial inner-membrane protein that has been implicated in several cell activities. Almost all studies have previously indicated that loss of function or gene-inactivated in Mpv17 can induce the development of disease. Here, we explored the roles of Mpv17 protein in the pathophysiology of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). An ICH rat model was established and assessed by behavioral tests. Using western blot and immunohistochemistry, significant up-regulation of Mpv17 was found in neurons in brain areas surrounding the hematoma following ICH. The increase of Mpv17 expression was found to be accompanied by the enhanced expression of p53, Bax, cytochrome c (Cyt c) and active caspase-3, and decreased expression of Bcl-2 in the pathological process of rat ICH. Furthermore, immunofluorescent staining revealed that Mpv17 co-localized with p53, Bax and active caspase-3 in neurons, suggesting its biological function in the process of neuronal apoptosis. Our in vitro study, using Mpv17 RNA interference in primary cortical neurons, indicated that Mpv17 might exert its anti-apoptotic function in neuronal apoptosis. Thus, Mpv17 may play a role in protecting the brain from secondary damage following ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihong Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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