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Sun G, Hwang C, Jung T, Liu J, Li R. Biased placement of Mitochondria fission facilitates asymmetric inheritance of protein aggregates during yeast cell division. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011588. [PMID: 38011208 PMCID: PMC10703421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential and dynamic eukaryotic organelles that must be inherited during cell division. In yeast, mitochondria are inherited asymmetrically based on quality, which is thought to be vital for maintaining a rejuvenated cell population; however, the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial remodeling and segregation during this process are not understood. We used high spatiotemporal imaging to quantify the key aspects of mitochondrial dynamics, including motility, fission, and fusion characteristics, upon aggregation of misfolded proteins in the mitochondrial matrix. Using these measured parameters, we developed an agent-based stochastic model of dynamics of mitochondrial inheritance. Our model predicts that biased mitochondrial fission near the protein aggregates facilitates the clustering of protein aggregates in the mitochondrial matrix, and this process underlies asymmetric mitochondria inheritance. These predictions are supported by live-cell imaging experiments where mitochondrial fission was perturbed. Our findings therefore uncover an unexpected role of mitochondrial dynamics in asymmetric mitochondrial inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Sun
- Center for Cell Dynamics and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christine Hwang
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tony Jung
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jian Liu
- Center for Cell Dynamics and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Cell Dynamics and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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2
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Chelius X, Bartosch V, Rausch N, Haubner M, Schramm J, Braun RJ, Klecker T, Westermann B. Selective retention of dysfunctional mitochondria during asymmetric cell division in yeast. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002310. [PMID: 37721958 PMCID: PMC10538663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Decline of mitochondrial function is a hallmark of cellular aging. To counteract this process, some cells inherit mitochondria asymmetrically to rejuvenate daughter cells. The molecular mechanisms that control this process are poorly understood. Here, we made use of matrix-targeted D-amino acid oxidase (Su9-DAO) to selectively trigger oxidative damage in yeast mitochondria. We observed that dysfunctional mitochondria become fusion-incompetent and immotile. Lack of bud-directed movements is caused by defective recruitment of the myosin motor, Myo2. Intriguingly, intact mitochondria that are present in the same cell continue to move into the bud, establishing that quality control occurs directly at the level of the organelle in the mother. The selection of healthy organelles for inheritance no longer works in the absence of the mitochondrial Myo2 adapter protein Mmr1. Together, our data suggest a mechanism in which the combination of blocked fusion and loss of motor protein ensures that damaged mitochondria are retained in the mother cell to ensure rejuvenation of the bud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenia Chelius
- Zellbiologie, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Jana Schramm
- Zellbiologie, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ralf J. Braun
- Department Medizin, Fakultät Medizin/Zahnmedizin, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
| | - Till Klecker
- Zellbiologie, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
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3
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Amato I, Meurant S, Renard P. The Key Role of Mitochondria in Somatic Stem Cell Differentiation: From Mitochondrial Asymmetric Apportioning to Cell Fate. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12181. [PMID: 37569553 PMCID: PMC10418455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of the mechanisms underlying stem cell differentiation is under intensive research and includes the contribution of a metabolic switch from glycolytic to oxidative metabolism. While mitochondrial biogenesis has been previously demonstrated in number of differentiation models, it is only recently that the role of mitochondrial dynamics has started to be explored. The discovery of asymmetric distribution of mitochondria in stem cell progeny has strengthened the interest in the field. This review attempts to summarize the regulation of mitochondrial asymmetric apportioning by the mitochondrial fusion, fission, and mitophagy processes as well as emphasize how asymmetric mitochondrial apportioning in stem cells affects their metabolism, and thus epigenetics, and determines cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilario Amato
- Ressearch Unit in Cell Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur (UNamur), 5000 Namur, Belgium; (I.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Sébastien Meurant
- Ressearch Unit in Cell Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur (UNamur), 5000 Namur, Belgium; (I.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Patricia Renard
- Ressearch Unit in Cell Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur (UNamur), 5000 Namur, Belgium; (I.A.); (S.M.)
- Mass Spectrometry Platform (MaSUN), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur (UNamur), 5000 Namur, Belgium
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Lee IW, Adhikari D, Carroll J. Miro1 depletion disrupts spatial distribution of mitochondria and leads to oocyte maturation defects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:986454. [PMID: 36325364 PMCID: PMC9619047 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.986454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that undergo regulated microtubule- and actin-mediated trafficking to meet local energy and metabolic needs. Mitochondrial trafficking may be particularly critical in large cells such as eggs and early embryos where spindle formation and polar body extrusion occur in specific regions of the cytoplasm. To investigate the role of mitochondrial distribution in oocytes we have targeted the mitochondrial membrane protein, MIRO1, which couples mitochondria to the motor protein-TRAK complex. Oocyte-specific deletion of MIRO1 leads to the formation of large aggregates of mitochondria in perinuclear and cortical compartments. Mitochondria remain capable of long-range trafficking during maturation, indicating redundancy in the mechanisms coupling mitochondria to motor proteins. Polar body extrusion in the absence of MIRO1 was reduced by approximately 20%. In MIRO1-deleted zygotes, mitochondria showed increased accumulation around the pronuclei but this did not affect mitochondrial distribution to daughter blastomeres. In vitro development of parthenogenetic embryos was also reduced, although no differences were found in the fertility of oocyte-specific Miro1 KO mice. These findings demonstrate MIRO1 acts as a mitochondrial adaptor, setting mitochondrial distribution in oocytes and early embryos, and disrupting this process compromises in vitro oocyte maturation and embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John Carroll
- *Correspondence: Deepak Adhikari, ; John Carroll,
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Yoon SY, Jang E, Ko N, Kim M, Kim SY, Moon Y, Nam JS, Lee S, Jun Y. A Genome-Wide Screen Reveals That Endocytic Genes Are Important for Pma1p Asymmetry during Cell Division in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042364. [PMID: 35216480 PMCID: PMC8874555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An asymmetry in cytosolic pH between mother and daughter cells was reported to underlie cellular aging in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Preferential accumulation of Pma1p, which pumps cytoplasmic protons out of cells, at the plasma membrane of mother cells, but not of their newly-formed daughter cells, is believed to be responsible for the pH increase in mother cells by reducing the level of cytoplasmic protons. This, in turn, decreases the acidity of vacuoles, which is well correlated with aging of yeast cells. In this study, to identify genes that regulate the preferential accumulation of Pma1p in mother cells, we performed a genome-wide screen using a collection of single gene deletion yeast strains. A subset of genes involved in the endocytic pathway, such as VPS8, VPS9, and VPS21, was important for Pma1p accumulation. Unexpectedly, however, there was little correlation between deletion of each of these genes and the replicative lifespan of yeast, suggesting that Pma1p accumulation in mother cells is not the key determinant that underlies aging of mother cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Yoon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (E.J.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (S.Y.K.); (Y.M.); (J.-S.N.); (S.L.)
- Cell Logistics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Eunhong Jang
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (E.J.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (S.Y.K.); (Y.M.); (J.-S.N.); (S.L.)
- Cell Logistics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Naho Ko
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (E.J.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (S.Y.K.); (Y.M.); (J.-S.N.); (S.L.)
- Cell Logistics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (E.J.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (S.Y.K.); (Y.M.); (J.-S.N.); (S.L.)
- Cell Logistics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Su Yoon Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (E.J.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (S.Y.K.); (Y.M.); (J.-S.N.); (S.L.)
| | - Yeojin Moon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (E.J.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (S.Y.K.); (Y.M.); (J.-S.N.); (S.L.)
- Cell Logistics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Jeong-Seok Nam
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (E.J.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (S.Y.K.); (Y.M.); (J.-S.N.); (S.L.)
- Cell Logistics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Sunjae Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (E.J.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (S.Y.K.); (Y.M.); (J.-S.N.); (S.L.)
| | - Youngsoo Jun
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (E.J.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (S.Y.K.); (Y.M.); (J.-S.N.); (S.L.)
- Cell Logistics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-715-2510
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Kostyuk AI, Panova AS, Kokova AD, Kotova DA, Maltsev DI, Podgorny OV, Belousov VV, Bilan DS. In Vivo Imaging with Genetically Encoded Redox Biosensors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8164. [PMID: 33142884 PMCID: PMC7662651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox reactions are of high fundamental and practical interest since they are involved in both normal physiology and the pathogenesis of various diseases. However, this area of research has always been a relatively problematic field in the context of analytical approaches, mostly because of the unstable nature of the compounds that are measured. Genetically encoded sensors allow for the registration of highly reactive molecules in real-time mode and, therefore, they began a new era in redox biology. Their strongest points manifest most brightly in in vivo experiments and pave the way for the non-invasive investigation of biochemical pathways that proceed in organisms from different systematic groups. In the first part of the review, we briefly describe the redox sensors that were used in vivo as well as summarize the model systems to which they were applied. Next, we thoroughly discuss the biological results obtained in these studies in regard to animals, plants, as well as unicellular eukaryotes and prokaryotes. We hope that this work reflects the amazing power of this technology and can serve as a useful guide for biologists and chemists who work in the field of redox processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I. Kostyuk
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (A.S.P.); (A.D.K.); (D.A.K.); (D.I.M.); (O.V.P.); (V.V.B.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya S. Panova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (A.S.P.); (A.D.K.); (D.A.K.); (D.I.M.); (O.V.P.); (V.V.B.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandra D. Kokova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (A.S.P.); (A.D.K.); (D.A.K.); (D.I.M.); (O.V.P.); (V.V.B.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria A. Kotova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (A.S.P.); (A.D.K.); (D.A.K.); (D.I.M.); (O.V.P.); (V.V.B.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry I. Maltsev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (A.S.P.); (A.D.K.); (D.A.K.); (D.I.M.); (O.V.P.); (V.V.B.)
- Federal Center for Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg V. Podgorny
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (A.S.P.); (A.D.K.); (D.A.K.); (D.I.M.); (O.V.P.); (V.V.B.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod V. Belousov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (A.S.P.); (A.D.K.); (D.A.K.); (D.I.M.); (O.V.P.); (V.V.B.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Federal Center for Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Georg August University Göttingen, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dmitry S. Bilan
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (A.S.P.); (A.D.K.); (D.A.K.); (D.I.M.); (O.V.P.); (V.V.B.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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Vozáriková V, Kunová N, Bauer JA, Frankovský J, Kotrasová V, Procházková K, Džugasová V, Kutejová E, Pevala V, Nosek J, Tomáška Ľ. Mitochondrial HMG-Box Containing Proteins: From Biochemical Properties to the Roles in Human Diseases. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10081193. [PMID: 32824374 PMCID: PMC7463775 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecules are packaged into compact nucleo-protein structures called mitochondrial nucleoids (mt-nucleoids). Their compaction is mediated in part by high-mobility group (HMG)-box containing proteins (mtHMG proteins), whose additional roles include the protection of mtDNA against damage, the regulation of gene expression and the segregation of mtDNA into daughter organelles. The molecular mechanisms underlying these functions have been identified through extensive biochemical, genetic, and structural studies, particularly on yeast (Abf2) and mammalian mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) mtHMG proteins. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the biochemical properties of mtHMG proteins, the structural basis of their interaction with DNA, their roles in various mtDNA transactions, and the evolutionary trajectories leading to their rapid diversification. We also describe how defects in the maintenance of mtDNA in cells with dysfunctional mtHMG proteins lead to different pathologies at the cellular and organismal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Vozáriková
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina B-1, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.V.); (J.F.); (K.P.); (V.D.)
| | - Nina Kunová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (N.K.); (J.A.B.); (V.K.); (E.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Jacob A. Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (N.K.); (J.A.B.); (V.K.); (E.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Ján Frankovský
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina B-1, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.V.); (J.F.); (K.P.); (V.D.)
| | - Veronika Kotrasová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (N.K.); (J.A.B.); (V.K.); (E.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Katarína Procházková
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina B-1, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.V.); (J.F.); (K.P.); (V.D.)
| | - Vladimíra Džugasová
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina B-1, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.V.); (J.F.); (K.P.); (V.D.)
| | - Eva Kutejová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (N.K.); (J.A.B.); (V.K.); (E.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Vladimír Pevala
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (N.K.); (J.A.B.); (V.K.); (E.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Jozef Nosek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina CH-1, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Ľubomír Tomáška
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina B-1, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.V.); (J.F.); (K.P.); (V.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-2-90149-433
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