1
|
Aso T, Kagaya Y. Relationship between the shoulder, trunk, and pelvis kinematics during the deceleration phase of throwing. JSES Int 2024; 8:740-745. [PMID: 39035643 PMCID: PMC11258827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jseint.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The shoulder motion during pitching is influenced by the trunk and pelvis motions, but their relationship during the deceleration phase of throwing on flat ground has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between shoulder, trunk, and pelvis kinematics at the maximum internal rotation (MIR) of the shoulder during the deceleration phase of throwing on flat ground. Methods The study participants included 17 male baseball players over 20 years old and at the recreational playing level. The recreational level was illustrated by players who did not practice at high intensity and had played only 1-2 competitions per week. Reflective markers were applied to the subject, and throwing motion was assessed using a three-dimensional motion capture system. Data were captured at 1000 Hz. We assessed the angle of the shoulder, spine, and pelvis at the MIR on flat ground. Internal shoulder rotation velocity and spinal and pelvic angular velocities were also assessed. The relationship between the shoulder, spine, and pelvis kinematics at the MIR was examined using simple linear regression analysis. Results The internal shoulder rotation angle at the MIR was negatively associated with only the spinal flexion and rotation angle at the MIR (P = .006 and P = .010, respectively). No other significant associations between shoulder, spine, and pelvis kinematics were detected at the MIR. Conclusion For throwing on flat ground, the internal shoulder rotation motion may be suppressed by producing trunk flexion and rotation motion at the MIR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Aso
- Showa University Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kagaya
- Showa University Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Showa University School of Nursing and Rehabilitation Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lerch BG, Slowik JS, Fleisig GS, Richardson RT. Comparison of glenohumeral and scapulothoracic kinematics between fastballs and curveballs during baseball pitching. Sports Biomech 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38618869 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2336950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Shoulder injuries are common in baseball pitchers and primarily involve the glenohumeral joint. Past analyses have examined shoulder biomechanics during different pitch types simply as the motion of the upper arm relative to the thorax. In this study, glenohumeral and scapulothoracic kinematics were compared between fastballs and curveballs at key timepoints throughout a pitch. Upper extremity kinematics of thirteen collegiate pitchers were collected during fastball and curveball pitches with motion capture. A linear model approach was utilised to estimate scapular kinematics based on measurable humerothoracic motion. Glenohumeral kinematics were computed from the scapular and humeral motion data. Comparisons of scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematic variables at times of maximum glenohumeral external rotation, ball release, and maximum glenohumeral internal rotation between pitch types were made using paired t-tests with Benjamini-Hochberg corrections. There were no significant differences in glenohumeral kinematics. Fastballs elicited significantly less scapulothoracic internal rotation and more posterior tilt at maximum glenohumeral external rotation. Fastballs produced significantly less scapulothoracic internal rotation and anterior tilt at maximum glenohumeral internal rotation. This study provides further evidence that risk of injury to the glenohumeral joint may be consistent between fastballs and curveballs and offers insights into subtle differences in scapular kinematics between pitch types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Lerch
- School of Behavioral Sciences and Education, Pennsylvania State University Harrisburg, Middletown, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan S Slowik
- Biomechanics Research, American Sports Medicine Institute, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Glenn S Fleisig
- Biomechanics Research, American Sports Medicine Institute, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - R Tyler Richardson
- School of Behavioral Sciences and Education, Pennsylvania State University Harrisburg, Middletown, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tsurukami H, Itoigawa Y, Uehara H, Hatae F, Kubota A, Mizuno M, Maezawa K, Takazawa Y, Ishijima M. Stiffness Changes in Shoulder Muscles between Pitchers and Position Players after Throwing Overhead Using Shear Wave Elastography and Throwing Motion Analysis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2056. [PMID: 38610821 PMCID: PMC11012453 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The objective is to compare stiffness changes around the shoulder muscles between pitchers and position players after throwing overhead using shear wave elastography (SWE) in relation to throwing motion analysis and muscle strength. Methods: A total of 32 male college baseball players (12 pitchers and 20 position players) were observed throwing 20 times, and SWE was performed to evaluate 13 shoulder muscle items-tendons (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor), muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus [transverse and oblique part], teres minor, lower trapezius, latissimus dorsi, and pectoralis minor), and capsules (posterior and posteroinferior). Motion analysis was used to assess elbow torque, forearm angle, forearm rotation speed, and maximum external rotation angle of the shoulder. Muscle strength was measured using a dynamometer for abduction, internal/external rotation of the shoulder at an abduction of 0°, internal/external rotation of the shoulder at an abduction of 90°, and internal/external rotation of shoulder at a flexion of 90°. Results: In the pitcher group, SWE values for the teres minor muscle and latissimus dorsi muscle increased significantly after throwing. In the position player group, SWE values for the teres minor muscle significantly increased, and SWE values of the pectoralis minor muscle decreased after throwing. In the pitcher group, positive correlations were found between the teres minor muscle and forearm rotation speed and between the latissimus dorsi muscle and forearm angle. No significant difference was found in muscle strength after throwing in any of the groups. Conclusions: Stiffness changes occurred after throwing and were related to the motion analysis, but the regions in which stiffness occurred varied between pitchers and position players.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Tsurukami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu 279-0021, Japan; (H.T.); (F.H.); (K.M.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan; (H.U.); (M.I.)
| | - Yoshiaki Itoigawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu 279-0021, Japan; (H.T.); (F.H.); (K.M.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan; (H.U.); (M.I.)
| | - Hirohisa Uehara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan; (H.U.); (M.I.)
| | - Fumitoshi Hatae
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu 279-0021, Japan; (H.T.); (F.H.); (K.M.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan; (H.U.); (M.I.)
| | - Atsushi Kubota
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai 270-1695, Japan; (A.K.); (M.M.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan
| | - Motoki Mizuno
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai 270-1695, Japan; (A.K.); (M.M.); (Y.T.)
| | - Katsuhiko Maezawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu 279-0021, Japan; (H.T.); (F.H.); (K.M.)
| | - Yuuji Takazawa
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai 270-1695, Japan; (A.K.); (M.M.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan
| | - Muneaki Ishijima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan; (H.U.); (M.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ueda A, Matsumura A, Shinkuma T, Oki T, Nakamura Y. Shoulder kinetic during pitching in baseball players with scapular dyskinesis. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 37:57-62. [PMID: 38432842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Shoulder injuries in baseball players cause excessive shoulder load during pitching and scapular dyskinesis (SD). However, the characteristics of pitching kinetics in the shoulder joint with SD are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SD on pitching kinetics in the shoulder joint of baseball players. METHOD Seventy-two college and independent league baseball players participated in the study. The pitching motion was measured using an 18-camera motion-capture system. SD was classified into four types (I-IV) using the scapular dyskinesis test (SDT). The pitching kinetics data were analyzed. RESULTS The agreement of SD in this study was 56/72 (77.8%). SD were classified into 31 abnormal group (type I-Ⅲ) and 25 control group (type Ⅳ). Three participants with measurement failure during the pitching motion analysis were excluded from the analysis. The abnormal group showed a larger maximum value of the glenohumeral normalized anterior joint force than the control group. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that an increase in GH anterior force during pitching causes an excessive increase in external rotation of the GH with an insufficient posterior tilt of the scapula with SD. Therefore, baseball pitching with SD may involve shoulder injuries owing to excessive shoulder load during pitching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ueda
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kansai University of Welfare Sciences, Japan.
| | | | | | - Takeshi Oki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hankai Hospital, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nakamura
- Department of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Richardson RT, Lerch B, Nicholson KF. Evaluation of approaches to estimate scapular kinematics during baseball pitching. J Sports Sci 2022; 40:2062-2071. [PMID: 36227908 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2022.2133391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomechanical analyses of pitching possess limitations in accurately measuring dynamic scapular orientation and are thus unable to distinguish between glenohumeral and scapulothoracic contributions to global shoulder motion. In lieu of direct measurement, several methods to estimate scapular kinematics have been developed. This study evaluated the ability of the linear model and the double calibration acromion marker cluster (D-AMC) approaches to estimate scapular kinematics throughout a full-speed pitching motion. Each approach's estimates were compared against scapulothoracic range of motion limits established in a non-pitching biplane fluoroscopy study involving various functional arm movements that approximate physiological limits of scapular motion. Fourteen healthy collegiate pitchers participated. Motion capture measured upper extremity joint kinematics during full-speed fastball pitches. Linear model and D-AMC approaches estimated scapulothoracic kinematics during each pitch. Linear model estimates of scapulothoracic kinematics were largely within established physiological limits on each scapular axis of motion while D-AMC estimates exceeded fluoroscopy-established bounds for more subjects and by larger, less physiologically plausible amounts. These findings demonstrate that the linear model outperforms the D-AMC and suggest that it is a viable approach to estimate scapular kinematics during pitching. Finally, these results offer additional evidence to support the accepted pattern of scapular kinematics during pitching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Tyler Richardson
- School of Behavioral Sciences and Education, Pennsylvania State University Harrisburg, Middletown, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin Lerch
- School of Behavioral Sciences and Education, Pennsylvania State University Harrisburg, Middletown, PA, USA
| | - Kristen F Nicholson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ueda A, Matsumura A, Shinkuma T, Oki T, Nakamura Y. Scapular dyskinesis type is associated with glenohumeral joint and scapular kinematic alteration during pitching motion in baseball players. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2021; 28:332-340. [PMID: 34776160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Scapular dyskinesis (SD) is associated with an increased risk of throwing-related shoulder injury onset, resulting in abnormalities in glenohumeral joint (GH) and scapular motions during pitching. The effects of SD on shoulder motion during pitching remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate kinematic alterations in GH and scapular motions during pitching in baseball players with type I SD. METHODS Sixty-seven university and independent-league baseball players with and without SD were included. Pitching motion was measured using an optical three-dimensional motion capture system, and a SD test was conducted to evaluate SD. SD was classified into types I-IV. The inter-rater reliability of SD assessment was calculated using kappa coefficients. Three-dimensional GH and scapular kinematics during pitching motion were analyzed. RESULTS The percentage of agreement representing the inter-rater reliability of SD assessment was 77.6% (52/67; kappa coefficient: 0.72). Overall, 24 and 27 participants were categorized into abnormal (type I SD) and normal group (type IV SD), respectively, with normal scapular motion; one individual with type III SD was excluded. The abnormal group exhibited a significantly increased GH external rotation angle (9°) and decreased scapular posterior tilt angle (6°) during the maximum external rotation period compared with the normal group. CONCLUSIONS Baseball players in the abnormal group showed increased GH motion and decreased scapular motion during pitching. The SD test for the evaluation of type I SD can help predict excessive GH external rotation and decreased scapular posterior tilt during pitching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ueda
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Hankai Hospital, Japan.
| | | | | | - Takeshi Oki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hankai Hospital, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nakamura
- Department of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Weng YH, Huang TS, Huang CY, Chen HY, Tsai YS, Lin JJ. Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit on pitching biomechanics and muscle activity. Int J Sports Med 2021; 43:538-544. [PMID: 34638156 DOI: 10.1055/a-1667-6080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To characterize the scapular pitching biomechanics in symptomatic GIRD pitchers (SG) compared to asymptomatic GIRD (ASG) and healthy pitchers. The scapular kinematics and associated muscle activities during pitching were recorded in 33 high school pitchers. Compared to healthy, GIRD pitchers had less scapular posterior tilt in each pitching event (average difference, AD = 14.4°, p < 0.01) and ASG demonstrated less scapular upward rotation at ball release (AD = 12.8°, p < 0.01) and greater muscle activity in the triceps brachii in the early-cocking phase (AD = 9.9%, p = 0.015) and in the serratus anterior in the late-cocking phase (AD = 30.8%, p < 0.01). Additionally, SG had less muscular activity on triceps brachii in the acceleration phase and serratus anterior in the cocking phase (AD = 37.8%, p = 0.016; AD = 15.5%, p < 0.01, respectively) compared to ASG. GIRD pitchers exhibited less scapular posterior tilt during pitching, which may cause impingement. Since tightness of the anterior shoulder is a common cause of inadequacy of posterior tilt during arm elevation, stretching exercise of the anterior shoulder is recommended. Given the inadequate recruitment during pitching in the GIRD pitchers, symptoms may develop following potential impingement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Weng
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, National Taiwan University College of Medicine Department of Physical therapy, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Shun Huang
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, National Taiwan University College of Medicine Department of Physical therapy, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ya Huang
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, National Taiwan University College of Medicine Department of Physical therapy, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yu Chen
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Shen Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiu-Jenq Lin
- School & Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nazerian R, Korhan O, Shakeri E. A novel cost-effective postural tracking algorithm using marker-based video processing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2021; 28:1882-1893. [PMID: 34114517 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2021.1941650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, many postural analysis techniques have been developed in order to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal problems. Methods such as rapid entire body assessment are capable of analyzing the most constant or awkward positions, but the selection of these postures is subjective. To make an objective postural analysis, devices such as electromagnetic trackers can be used continuously during the job task, but utilizing such devices is costly. Therefore, in this study a cost-effective marker-based video processing algorithm is developed for measuring three-dimensional (3D) information regarding both the location and the orientation of human posture. To investigate the precision of the measurements, an experiment was designed. With the average of 2.88 mm and 1.34° for location and orientation, respectively, the algorithm was able to measure six degrees of freedom information regarding 3D space. Furthermore, the precision of the algorithm is found to be significantly affected by the marker pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramtin Nazerian
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Eastern Mediterranean University, Turkey
| | - Orhan Korhan
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Eastern Mediterranean University, Turkey
| | - Ehsan Shakeri
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Eastern Mediterranean University, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ijiri T, Urabe Y, Maeda N, Sasadai J, Suzuki T. Comparative study of the differences in shoulder muscle activation according to arm rotation angle. Hum Mov Sci 2020; 69:102567. [PMID: 31989947 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2019.102567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scapular muscle exercise is important for patients with shoulder disorders. Distal variance leads to changes in shoulder muscle activation. Here, we aimed to determine whether scapular muscle activation is affected by different arm rotation angles. METHODS Overall, 30 healthy men participated in this study. The subjects were asked to keep their arms at 120 degrees of shoulder flexion while holding a 1.0-kg dumbbell in palms down (pronation) and palms up (supination) positions. Electromyography was used to measure anterior, middle, posterior deltoid, serratus anterior, upper, and lower trapezius muscle activation during the task. The muscle activations of each shoulder were compared between the pronation and supination positions. RESULTS Anterior deltoid and serratus anterior activations were significantly higher in supination than in pronation (p < .05). Alternatively, posterior deltoid and lower trapezius muscles were significantly more activated in pronation than in supination (p < .05). CONCLUSION Scapular muscle activation changed with arm rotation angle. Arm rotation angle should be assessed to estimate scapular muscle activation during exercise and motion analysis in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohito Ijiri
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kiba Hospital, Medical Corporation, Juzankai 4-2-8, Iwata, Higashiosaka, Osaka 578-0941, Japan; Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Yukio Urabe
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Noriaki Maeda
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Junpei Sasadai
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Suzuki
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Kansai University of Health Sciences, 2-11-1, Wakaba, Kumatori, Sennan county, Osaka 590-0482, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Miyakoshi K, Umehara J, Komamura T, Ueda Y, Tamezawa T, Kitamura G, Ichihashi N. Effect of different trunk postures on scapular muscle activities and kinematics during shoulder external rotation. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2019; 28:2438-2446. [PMID: 31409561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2019.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shoulder external rotation at abduction (ER) is a notable motion in overhead sports because it could cause strong stress to the elbow and shoulder joint. However, no study has comprehensively investigated the effect of different trunk postures during ER. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different trunk postures on scapular kinematics and muscle activities during ER. METHODS Fourteen healthy men performed active shoulder external rotation at 90° of abduction with the dominant arm in 15 trunk postures. At maximum shoulder external rotation in 15 trunk postures, including 4 flexion-extension, 6 trunk rotation, and 4 trunk side-bending postures, as well as upright posture as a control, scapular muscle activities and kinematics were recorded using surface electromyography and an electromagnetic tracking device, respectively. The data obtained in the flexion-extension, trunk rotation, and trunk side-bending postures were compared with those obtained in the upright posture. RESULTS In the flexion-extension condition, scapular posterior tilt and external rotation significantly decreased, but the muscle activities of the lower trapezius and infraspinatus significantly increased in maximum trunk flexion. Moreover, scapular upward rotation and the activity of the serratus anterior significantly increased in maximum trunk extension. In the rotation condition, scapular posterior tilt and external rotation significantly decreased, but the activity of the serratus anterior significantly increased in the maximum contralateral trunk rotation posture. In the trunk side-bending condition, scapular posterior tilt and the external rotation angle significantly decreased. CONCLUSION Trunk postures affected scapular kinematics and muscle activities during ER. Our results suggest that different trunk postures activate the lower trapezius and serratus anterior, which induce scapular posterior tilt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Miyakoshi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Jun Umehara
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohito Komamura
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ueda
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Nobuhara Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toru Tamezawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Gakuto Kitamura
- Rehabilitation Unit, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriaki Ichihashi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gillet B, Begon M, Diger M, Berger-Vachon C, Rogowski I. Alterations in scapulothoracic and humerothoracic kinematics during the tennis serve in adolescent players with a history of shoulder problems. Sports Biomech 2018; 20:165-177. [PMID: 30412000 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2018.1526963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The tennis serve generates high musculoskeletal loads at the shoulder complex, making athletes particularly vulnerable to chronic injuries, especially adolescent players. Chronic injuries are commonly related to altered scapular kinematics. This study explored the effects of a history of shoulder problems involving humerothoracic and scapulothoracic kinematics during the tennis serve at low speed in adolescent competitive players with and without a history of dominant shoulder problems. Totally, 28 adolescent tennis players were split into two groups, those with and those without a history of shoulder problems. Data on humeral and scapular kinematics relative to the thorax were collected using an electromagnetic system during slow velocity serves. The two groups's humerothoracic and scapulothoracic 3D joint angles were compared both at the end of the cocking phase and at the end of the acceleration phase of the tennis serve. At the end of the cocking phase, the players with a 30 history of shoulder problems showed less humeral abduction and external rotation and more scapular upward rotation. This group also showed less humeral abduction at the end of the acceleration phase. Players with a history of shoulder problems adapted their humerothoracic and scapulothoracic orientations to preserve shoulder integrity during the tennis serve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Gillet
- Interuniversity Laboratory of Locomotion Biology, Department of Sciences and Techniques of Physical and Sports Activities, University of Lyon , Lyon, France.,Laboratory of Simulation and Movement Modeling (S2M), School of Kinesiology and Science of Physical Activity, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal , Montreal, Canada
| | - Mickaël Begon
- Laboratory of Simulation and Movement Modeling (S2M), School of Kinesiology and Science of Physical Activity, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal , Montreal, Canada.,Research Center of the CHU SAINTE-JUSTINE Mother and Child University Hospital Center , Montréal, Canada
| | - Marine Diger
- Medical Department for Functional Respiratory Investigations, Hospices Civils de Lyon Teaching Hospital , Lyon, France
| | - Christian Berger-Vachon
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Shock Mechanics, French Institute of Science and Technology of Transport, Design and Networks , Bron, France.,Lyon Tennis Excellence Centre , Bron, France
| | - Isabelle Rogowski
- Interuniversity Laboratory of Locomotion Biology, Department of Sciences and Techniques of Physical and Sports Activities, University of Lyon , Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gascon SS, Gilmer GG, Hanks MM, Washington JK, Oliver GD. BIOMECHANICAL INFLUENCES OF A POSTURAL COMPRESSION GARMENT ON SCAPULAR POSITIONING. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2018; 13:700-706. [PMID: 30140563 PMCID: PMC6088124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The scapula is a critical link utilized in the kinetic chain to achieve efficient overhead movement and transfer energy from the lower extremity to the upper extremity. Additionally, daily activities such as sitting at a computer or driving in a car may negatively influence an individual's ability to maintain proper body posture and therefore compromise those movements. To reduce these negative influences, posture garments have been designed to cue the individual in maintaining and improving posture and alignment, specifically targeting scapular positioning. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare scapular positioning between an IntelliSkin™ posture-cueing compression garment and a generic performance garment on scapular kinematics during static standing.Study Design: Case control. METHODS Forty active females (1.68 ± 0.07 m; 67.29 ± 11.25 kg) stood in a natural standing position while wearing two different garments: IntelliSkin™ posture-cueing compression garment and a generic performance garment. Kinematic data were collected at 100 Hz using an electromagnetic tracking system (trakSTAR™, Ascension Technologies, Inc., Burlington, VT, USA) synced with The MotionMonitor® (Innovative Sports Training, Chicago, IL., USA). RESULTS Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed a statistically significant Shirt by Side interaction for scapular protraction/retraction (F(1,39) = 52.91, p ≤ 0.05) and main-effect of Shirt for scapula anterior/posterior tilt (F(1,39) = 96.45, p ≤ 0.05). Individuals showed increased retraction and posterior tilt while wearing the IntelliSkin™ posture-cueing compression garment. CONCLUSION The results of the current study indicate that the IntelliSkin™ posture-cueing compression garment improved scapular positioning during static standing posture. The IntelliSkin™ posture-cueing compression garment may provide clinicians an adjunct strategy to include with rehabilitative protocols. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Diagnosis, Level 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S. Gascon
- Sports Medicine and Movement Laboratory, School of Kinesiology Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Gabrielle G. Gilmer
- Sports Medicine and Movement Laboratory, School of Kinesiology Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Matthew M. Hanks
- Sports Medicine and Movement Laboratory, School of Kinesiology Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Jessica K. Washington
- Sports Medicine and Movement Laboratory, School of Kinesiology Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Gretchen D. Oliver
- Sports Medicine and Movement Laboratory, School of Kinesiology Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
DeFroda SF, Thigpen CA, Kriz PK. Two-Dimensional Video Analysis of Youth and Adolescent Pitching Biomechanics: A Tool For the Common Athlete. Curr Sports Med Rep 2016; 15:350-8. [DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000000295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|