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Chen X, Dong J, Jiao Q, Du X, Bi M, Jiang H. "Sibling" battle or harmony: crosstalk between nesfatin-1 and ghrelin. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:169. [PMID: 35239020 PMCID: PMC11072372 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin was first identified as an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) in 1999, with the function of stimulating the release of growth hormone (GH), while nesfatin-1 was identified in 2006. Both peptides are secreted by the same kind of endocrine cells, X/A-like cells in the stomach. Compared with ghrelin, nesfatin-1 exerts opposite effects on energy metabolism, glucose metabolism, gastrointestinal functions and regulation of blood pressure, but exerts similar effects on anti-inflammation and neuroprotection. Up to now, nesfatin-1 remains as an orphan ligand because its receptor has not been identified. Several studies have shown the effects of nesfatin-1 are dependent on the receptor of ghrelin. We herein compare the effects of nesfatin-1 and ghrelin in several aspects and explore the possibility of their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Jiao
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xixun Du
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxia Bi
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
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Chen Y, Zhou S, Zhang A, Huang J, Zhang G, Cui L. Temporal changes and prognostic value of plasma ghrelin level in patients with acute heart failure: a prospective study. Heart Vessels 2021; 37:419-425. [PMID: 34533592 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-021-01935-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma ghrelin levels can be elevated in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). This study aimed to analyze the temporal changes and prognostic value of ghrelin levels in patients with AHF. METHODS This prospective study included patients with AHF at the Cardiology Department, Weifang People's Hospital (May 2018-October 2019), and age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Plasma ghrelin levels were measured. Multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to evaluate whether ghrelin levels could predict major cardiac adverse events (MACEs) during a 1-year follow-up. RESULTS Finally, 92 patients with AHF and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. Ghrelin levels were higher in patients with AHF at 1, 3, 12, and 24 h compared with controls (all P < 0.01). Ghrelin levels in the AHF group were higher at 3 and 12 h than at 1 and 24 h (P < 0.001). Ghrelin level at 3 h in patients with AHF was negatively correlated with the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction (both P < 0.05). MACEs occurred in 48 patients with AHF. Ghrelin levels were higher in the MACE group than in the non-MACE group at 1 (P = 0.011) and 3 h (P = 0.034). Multivariable regression showed that ghrelin level at 3 h was independently associated with MACEs [OR = 0.629, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.515-0.742, P = 0.010], but the area under the ROC curve was only 0.629 (95% CI 0.515-0.742). CONCLUSIONS Plasma ghrelin levels are elevated in AHF and patients with MACEs during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Cardioangiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Sani Zhou
- Central Sterile Supply Department, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Aiyuan Zhang
- Department of Cardioangiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Cardioangiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Guangfang Zhang
- Department of Cardioangiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Lianqun Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Lucera GM, Menani JV, Colombari E, Colombari DSA. ANG II and Aldosterone Acting Centrally Participate in the Enhanced Sodium Intake in Water-Deprived Renovascular Hypertensive Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:679985. [PMID: 34113255 PMCID: PMC8186501 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.679985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Renovascular hypertension is a type of secondary hypertension caused by renal artery stenosis, leading to an increase in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS). Two-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C) is a model of renovascular hypertension in which rats have an increased sodium intake induced by water deprivation (WD), a common situation found in the nature. In addition, a high-sodium diet in 2K1C rats induces glomerular lesion. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether angiotensin II (ANG II) and/or aldosterone participates in the increased sodium intake in 2K1C rats under WD. In addition, we also verified if central AT1 and mineralocorticoid receptor blockade would change the high levels of arterial pressure in water-replete (WR) and WD 2K1C rats, because blood pressure changes can facilitate or inhibit water and sodium intake. Finally, possible central areas activated during WD or WD followed by partial rehydration (PR) in 2K1C rats were also investigated. Male Holtzman rats (150–180 g) received a silver clip around the left renal artery to induce renovascular hypertension. Six weeks after renal surgery, a stainless-steel cannula was implanted in the lateral ventricle, followed by 5–7 days of recovery before starting tests. Losartan (AT1 receptor antagonist) injected intracerebroventricularly attenuated water intake during the thirst test. Either icv losartan or RU28318 (mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) reduced 0.3 M NaCl intake, whereas the combination of losartan and RU28318 icv totally blocked 0.3 M NaCl intake induced by WD in 2K1C rats. Losartan and RU28318 icv did not change hypertension levels of normohydrated 2K1C rats, but reduced the increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) produced by WD. c-Fos expression increased in the lamina terminalis and in the NTS in WD condition, and increased even more after WD-PR. These results suggest the participation of ANG II and aldosterone acting centrally in the enhanced sodium intake in WD 2K1C rats, and not in the maintenance of hypertension in satiated and fluid-replete 2K1C rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Maria Lucera
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - José Vanderlei Menani
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Colombari
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
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Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is the result of cellular troubles related to aerobic metabolism. Furthermore, this stress is always associated with biological responses evoked by physical, chemical, environmental, and psychological factors. Several studies have developed many approaches of antioxidant defense to diminish the severity of many diseases. Ghrelin was originally identified from the rat stomach, and it is a potent growth hormone-releasing peptide that has pleiotropic functions. Methods A systematic review was conducted within PubMed, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases using keywords such as ghrelin, antioxidant, oxidative stress, and systemic oxidative stress sensor. Results In the last decade, many studies show that ghrelin exhibits protection effects against oxidative stress derived probably from its antioxidant effects. Pieces of evidence demonstrate that systemic oxidative stress increase ghrelin levels in the plasma. The expression of ghrelin and its receptor in ghrelin peripheral tissues and extensively in the central nervous system suggests that this endogenous peptide plays an important role as a systemic oxidative stress sensor Conclusion The current evidence confirms that ghrelin and its derived peptides (Desacyl-ghrelin, obestatin) act as a protective antioxidant agent. Therefore, stressor modality, duration, and intensity are the parameters of oxidative stress that must be taken into consideration to determine the role of ghrelin, Desacyl-ghrelin, and obestatin in the regulation of cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Akki
- Department of Plant Protection and Environment, National School of Agriculture-Meknes/ENA, Meknes, Morocco.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Kawtar Raghay
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Errami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
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Chou PL, Chen YS, Chung SD, Lin SC, Chien CT. Sodium Thiosulfate Ameliorates Renovascular Hypertension-Induced Renal Dysfunction and Injury in Rats. Kidney Blood Press Res 2020; 46:41-52. [PMID: 33326967 DOI: 10.1159/000510047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Arterial stenosis activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system subsequently resulting in renovascular hypertension (RVHT) and renal oxidative injury. We explored the effect of sodium thiosulfate (STS, Na2S2O3), a developed antioxidant in clinical trial, on RVHT-induced hypertension and renal oxidative injury in rats. METHODS We induced RVHT in male Wistar rats with bilaterally partial ligation of renal arteries in the 2-kidney 2-clip model. We evaluated the STS effect on RVHT-induced oxidative injury and apoptosis by a chemiluminescence amplification method, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We found STS displayed a dose-dependent antioxidant H2O2 activity and adapted the maximal scavenging H2O2 activity of STS at the dosage of 0.1 g/kg intraperitoneally 3 times/week for 4 weeks in RVHT rats. RVHT induced a significant elevation of arterial blood pressure, blood reactive oxygen species amount, neutrophil infiltration, 4-HNE and NADPH oxidase gp91 expression, Bax/Bcl-2/poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-mediated apoptosis formation, blue Masson-stained fibrosis, and urinary protein level. STS treatment significantly reduced hypertension, oxidative stress, neutrophil infiltration, fibrosis, and Bax/Bcl-2/PARP-mediated apoptosis formation and depressed the urinary protein level in the RVHT models. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that STS treatment could ameliorate RVHT hypertension and renal oxidative injury through antioxidant, antifibrotic, and antiapoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Li Chou
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Shian Chen
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Dong Chung
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, Banciao, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics, College of Informatics, Yuan-Ze University, Chung-Li, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Sam-Chi Lin
- Division of Renal Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Ting Chien
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan,
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Oxidative Stress-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Disruption in Neurological Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/4356386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB), as a crucial gate of brain-blood molecular exchange, is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple neurological diseases. Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the scavenger system. Since oxidative stress plays a significant role in the production and maintenance of the BBB, the cerebrovascular system is especially vulnerable to it. The pathways that initiate BBB dysfunction include, but are not limited to, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, iron metabolism, cytokines, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, all converging on the generation of ROS. Interestingly, ROS also provide common triggers that directly regulate BBB damage, parameters including tight junction (TJ) modifications, transporters, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation, inflammatory responses, and autophagy. We will discuss the role of oxidative stress-mediated BBB disruption in neurological diseases, such as hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke (IS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). This review will also discuss the latest clinical evidence of potential biomarkers and antioxidant drugs towards oxidative stress in neurological diseases. A deeper understanding of how oxidative stress damages BBB may open up more therapeutic options for the treatment of neurological diseases.
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Wunpathe C, Potue P, Maneesai P, Bunbupha S, Prachaney P, Kukongviriyapan U, Kukongviriyapan V, Pakdeechote P. Hesperidin Suppresses Renin-Angiotensin System Mediated NOX2 Over-Expression and Sympathoexcitation in 2K-1C Hypertensive Rats. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:751-767. [PMID: 29754503 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hesperidin, a flavonoid derived from citrus fruits, possesses several beneficial effects including anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hesperidin on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) cascade that mediated oxidative stress and sympathoexcitation in two-kidney, one-clipped (2K-1C) hypertensive rats. 2K-1C hypertension was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Hypertensive rats were treated with hesperidin at 20[Formula: see text]mg/kg or 40[Formula: see text]mg/kg or losartan at 10[Formula: see text]mg/kg beginning at three weeks after surgery and then continued for four weeks ([Formula: see text]/group). Hesperidin reduced blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner in hypertensive rats compared to untreated rats ([Formula: see text]). Increased plasma angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity and angiotensin II levels, as well as, upregulated AT1 receptor protein expression in aortic tissues were attenuated in hypertensive rats treated with hesperidin. Hesperidin suppressed oxidative stress markers and NADPH oxidase over-expression, and restored plasma nitric oxide metabolites in 2K-1C rats. This was associated with improvement of the vascular response to acetylcholine in isolated mesenteric vascular beds and aortic rings from 2K-1C rats treated with hesperidin ([Formula: see text]). Enhancement of nerve-mediated vasoconstriction related to high plasma noradrenaline in the 2K-1C group was alleviated by hesperidin treatment ([Formula: see text]). Furthermore, losartan exhibited antihypertensive effects by suppressing the RAS cascade and oxidative stress and improved vascular dysfunction observed in 2K-1C rats ([Formula: see text]). Based on these results, it can be presumed that hesperidin is an antihypertensive agent. Its antihypertensive action might be associated with reducing RAS cascade-induced NOX2 over-expression and sympathoexcitation in 2K-1C hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutamas Wunpathe
- * Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,§ Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Prapassorn Potue
- * Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,§ Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Putcharawipa Maneesai
- * Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,§ Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sarawoot Bunbupha
- ¶ Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Parichat Prachaney
- † Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,§ Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Upa Kukongviriyapan
- * Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,§ Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Poungrat Pakdeechote
- * Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,§ Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Bunbupha S, Wunpathe C, Maneesai P, Berkban T, Kukongviriyapan U, Kukongviriyapan V, Prachaney P, Pakdeechote P. Carthamus tinctorius L. extract improves hemodynamic and vascular alterations in a rat model of renovascular hypertension through Ang II-AT 1 R-NADPH oxidase pathway. Ann Anat 2018; 216:82-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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