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Ayeni EA, Gong Y, Yuan H, Hu Y, Bai X, Liao X. Medicinal Plants for Anti-neurodegenerative diseases in West Africa. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114468. [PMID: 34390796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Neurodegenerative diseases are neuronal diseases that affect the brain components by degenerating the structure and function of the central or peripheral nervous system progressively. It is a leading cause of death and affects huge amount of people worldwide. Plant-based medicines have been utilised in the therapies for many illnesses that have defied western treatments, including neurodegenerative diseases. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This review presents an overview of the major neurodegenerative diseases and reported prominent medicinal plants used in managing those diseases in West Africa. METHODS Scientific articles regarding medicinal plants and their usefulness in managing neurodegenerative diseases in West Africa were pooled from different scientific databases. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses to filter articles based on their relevance. Pharmacological activity, plant parts used, experimental models, and some isolated chemical compounds of those plants were summarised. RESULTS In the West Africa region, Fabaceae (19%) and Solanaceae (13%) have the highest representation of plant families used to treat neurological diseases, while Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae have also been utilised. Flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, coumarins present in those plants and their derivatives are reported to possess neuro-protective effects. Biochemical enzymes correlating to antioxidants, anti-inflammatory effects are the potential targets against neurodegenerative diseases. CONCLUSION Medicinal plants for anti-neurodegenerative diseases in West Africa have been documented with their neuropharmacological activities. Plant families such as Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, and Euphorbiaceae could be a major natural source for discovery of anti-neurodegenerative drugs, thus the metabolites from them should be given priority for neurological research. This review will provide clues for further investigations on the screening and development of anti-neurodegenerative natural products from West African medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Ayodeji Ayeni
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuzhou Gong
- Shanghai Natural History Museum, Branch of Shanghai Science & Technology Museum, Shanghai, 200041, China; School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yikao Hu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaolin Bai
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xun Liao
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Protective Role of Loranthus regularis against Liver Dysfunction, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rat Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:5027986. [PMID: 33488745 PMCID: PMC7787746 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5027986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Earlier studies revealed the potential therapeutic values of Loranthus regularis (L. regularis). This study evaluated Loranthus regularis (L. regularis) extract systemic antidiabetic effects and benefits against diabetic hepatocellular injuries through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways using the streptozotocin (STZ) model in Wistar albino rats. After diabetes induction, animals were orally treated with L. regularis extract for 4 weeks. Serum levels of glucose, insulin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were estimated. Furthermore, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), caspase-3, nitric oxide (NO), and prostaglandin E-2 (PGE-2) were estimated in serum. In liver, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs) and reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as the proinflammatory cytokines and enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reeducates (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were assayed. Finally, the degree of hepatic tissue damage was evaluated histologically. Treatment of the diabetic rats with L. regularis extract markedly reduced the elevated serum levels of glucose, ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, caspase-3, NO, and PGE-2. L. regularis extract also improved serum levels of insulin and HDL. The elevated TBARS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in hepatic tissue of diabetic animals were reduced by L. regularis. Moreover, L. regularis extract significantly restored the diminished hepatic GSH level and enzymatic activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, and GST in diabetic animals. The biochemical protective effects of L. regularis were associated with improved histological hepatocellular integrity and architecture. Taken together, L. regularis has therapeutic effects against diabetic-induced hepatic complications. The restored liver functions and cellular damage might be mediated through free radicals scavenging and proinflammatory cytokine inhibition.
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Ebokaiwe AP, Osawe S, Griffin S, Keck CM, Olusanya O, Ehiri RC. Loranthus micranthus nanoparticles abates streptozotocin-instigated testicular dysfunction in Wistar rats: Involvement of glucose metabolism enzymes, oxido-inflammatory stress, steroidogenic enzymes/protein and Nrf2 pathway. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13749. [PMID: 32672386 DOI: 10.1111/and.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Loranthus micranthus (African mistletoe)-Loranthaceae family, is used in Nigerian traditional medicine for treating male infertility and lowering diabetic blood sugar levels. We investigated possible mechanism(s) involved in mitigation of L. micranthus leaves nanoparticles (LMLNPs) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced testicular alterations. Type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced in male rats following 2 weeks feeding with fructose and single intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Control (nondiabetic) and (diabetic) rats received buffer only. Diabetic rats were treated with metformin or LMLNPs (two different doses) for 28 days. Hormonal profile, oxido-inflammatory stress parameters, glucose metabolism and steroidogenic enzymes/regulatory protein (StAR) and Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein in testes and sperm parameters were evaluated. Metformin and LMLNPs treatment significantly reduced blood glucose level in diabetic rats. Furthermore, LMLNPs enhanced glucose metabolism and testicular steroidogenic enzymes/protein, increased reproductive hormone levels and sperm functional parameters in diabetic rats. Additionally, LMLNPs suppressed testicular oxido-inflammatory stress biomarkers and inhibited lipid peroxidation in diabetic rats while augmenting Nrf2 pathway. Conclusively, LMLNPs potently reversed adverse effects of T2DM testicular dysfunction of rats. Use of LMLNPs in abating diabetic consequences proves an acceptable alternative to traditional crude extract preparations, as a result of better packaging and preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azubuike Peter Ebokaiwe
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Sharon Osawe
- Department of Biological Sciences, KolaDaisi University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sharoon Griffin
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia M Keck
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Richard C Ehiri
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
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Zhao S, Sun H, Liu Q, Shen Y, Jiang Y, Li Y, Liu T, Liu T, Xu H, Shao M. Protective effect of seabuckthorn berry juice against acrylamide-induced oxidative damage in rats. J Food Sci 2020; 85:2245-2254. [PMID: 32579735 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA), classified as a probable carcinogen, can be neurotoxic, genotoxic, and can damage DNA. This study explored the ability of seabuckthorn berries juice (SBJ) to alleviate AA-induced toxic injury in rats. Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, AA group (40 mg/kg), AA + SBJ (40 mg/kg AA and 5 mL/kg SBJ), and AA + vitamin C (VC) group (positive control group, 40 mg/kg AA and 100 mg/kg VC). At the end of the experiment, rats in AA group showed a marked decrease in the rate of weight gain, hind extremity abduction, and ataxia. Obvious anomalies were seen in plasma biochemical parameters (P < 0.05), and different degrees of injury were observed upon histological examination of five tissues (hippocampus, cerebellum, liver, small intestine, and kidney). Compared to the control group, levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione were significantly decreased, while malondialdehyde was elevated (P < 0.05). SBJ treatment reduced the abnormal of behavior, hematological index, antioxidant enzyme, and tissue damage caused by AA in rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Seabuckthorn berries are wild berries rich in vitamin C and polyphenols, which have good antioxidant properties. In this experiment, SBJ has a significant alleviating effect on AA-induced oxidative damage in rats. Therefore, we speculate that SBJ may relieve the oxidative damage caused by diet or other forms of AA exposure in the general population. At the same time, this experiment also provides new ideas for alleviating AA-induced in vivo toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Zhao
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hongyang Sun
- Author, Sun, is, with, China Institute to Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qingbo Liu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yu Shen
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yujun Jiang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tong Liu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tianxu Liu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Honghua Xu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Meili Shao
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
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