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Andriolo IRL, Longo B, de Melo DM, de Souza MM, Prediger RD, da Silva LM. Gastrointestinal Issues in Depression, Anxiety, and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review on Pathways and Clinical Targets Implications. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:1371-1391. [PMID: 38500273 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273289138240306050532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple illnesses commonly involve both the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Gastrointestinal Tract (GI) simultaneously. Consistent evidence suggests that neurological disorders impair GI tract function and worsen the symptomatology and pathophysiology of digestive disorders. On the other hand, it has been proposed that early functional changes in the GI tract contribute to the genesis of several CNS illnesses. Additionally, the role played by the gut in these diseases can be seen as a paradigm for how the gut and the brain interact. METHODS We mentioned significant GI symptoms and discussed how the GI tract affects central nervous system illnesses, including depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease in this study. We also explored potential pathophysiological underpinnings and novel targets for the creation of future therapies targeted at gut-brain connections. RESULTS & DISCUSSION In this situation, modulating the gut microbiota through the administration of fecal microbiota transplants or probiotics may represent a new therapeutic option for this population, not only to treat GI problems but also behavioral problems, given the role that dysbiosis and leaky gut play in many neurological disorders. CONCLUSION Accurate diagnosis and treatment of co-existing illnesses also require coordination between psychiatrists, neurologists, gastroenterologists, and other specialties, as well as a thorough history and thorough physical examination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruna Longo
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Dayse Machado de Melo
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Márcia Maria de Souza
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rui Daniel Prediger
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luisa Mota da Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Lopes ALF, Araújo AKDS, Chaves LDS, Pacheco G, Oliveira APD, Silva KCD, Oliveira ACPD, Aquino CCD, Gois MB, Nicolau LAD, Medeiros JVR. Protective effect of alpha-ketoglutarate against water-immersion restraint stress-induced gastric mucosal damage in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176118. [PMID: 37871764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Gastric lesions have several aetiologies, among which stress is the most prominent. Therefore, identification of new therapies to prevent stress is of considerable importance. Alpha-ketoglutarate (α-kg) several beneficial effects and has shown promise in combating oxidative stress, inflammation, and premature aging. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of α-kg in a gastric damage model by water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS). Pretreatment with α-kg decreased stress-related histopathological scores of tissue oedema, cell loss, and inflammatory infiltration. The α-kg restored the percentage of type III collagen fibres. Mucin levels were preserved as well as the structure and area of the myenteric plexus ganglia were preserved after pretreatment with α-kg. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) were also reduced following α-kg pretreatment. Decreased levels of glutathione (GSH) in the stress group were restored by α-kg. The omeprazole group was used as standard drug e also demonstrated improve on some parameters after the exposition to WIRS as inflammatory indexes, GSH and mucin. Through this, was possible to observe that α-kg can protect the gastric mucosa exposed to WIRS, preserve tissue architecture, reduce direct damage to the mucosa and inflammatory factors, stimulate the production of type III collagen and mucin, preserve the myenteric plexus ganglia, and maintain antioxidant potential. Due to, we indicate that α-kg has protective activity of the gastric mucosa, demonstrating its ability to prevent damage associated with gastric lesions caused by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luis Fernandes Lopes
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Translational Gastroenterology (LIGAT), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC), Parnaíba Delta Federal University, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.
| | - Andreza Ketly da Silva Araújo
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Translational Gastroenterology (LIGAT), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC), Parnaíba Delta Federal University, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.
| | - Letícia de Sousa Chaves
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Translational Gastroenterology (LIGAT), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC), Parnaíba Delta Federal University, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.
| | - Gabriella Pacheco
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Translational Gastroenterology (LIGAT), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC), Parnaíba Delta Federal University, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.
| | - Ana Patrícia de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Translational Gastroenterology (LIGAT), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC), Parnaíba Delta Federal University, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.
| | - Katriane Carvalho da Silva
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Translational Gastroenterology (LIGAT), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC), Parnaíba Delta Federal University, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Carlos Pereira de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Translational Gastroenterology (LIGAT), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC), Parnaíba Delta Federal University, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.
| | | | - Marcelo Biondaro Gois
- Post-Graduation Program in Biosciences and Health, Federal University of Rondonópolis, Rondonópolis, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Antonio Duarte Nicolau
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Translational Gastroenterology (LIGAT), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC), Parnaíba Delta Federal University, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.
| | - Jand Venes Rolim Medeiros
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Translational Gastroenterology (LIGAT), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC), Parnaíba Delta Federal University, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.
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Onal O, Saltali AO, Apiliogullari S, Bagci S, Sargon MF, Celik JB. The reversing effect of ondansetron on bupivacaine-induced sciatic nerve block. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:1149-1157. [DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1804_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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