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Castañé H, Jiménez-Franco A, Martínez-Navidad C, Placed-Gallego C, Cambra-Cortés V, Perta AM, París M, del Castillo D, Arenas M, Camps J, Joven J. Serum Arylesterase, Paraoxonase, and Lactonase Activities and Paraoxonase-1 Concentrations in Morbidly Obese Patients and Their Relationship with Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2038. [PMID: 38136158 PMCID: PMC10741051 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme associated with high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Reduced serum PON1 activity is found in diseases marked by oxidative stress and inflammation, but its role in obesity remains unclear. This study investigated PON1 activities and concentrations in morbidly obese individuals and explored the impacts of the genetic polymorphism PON1 rs662 and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on enzymatic properties. We recruited 1349 morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery and 823 non-obese volunteers. PON1-related variables, including arylesterase, paraoxonase, and lactonase activities and PON1 concentrations, were examined. Our results showed that morbidly obese individuals exhibited higher PON1 concentrations but lower enzymatic activities than non-obese individuals. We observed inverse associations of arylesterase and paraoxonase activities with waist circumference (rho = -0.24, p < 0.001, and rho = -0.30, p < 0.001, respectively) and body mass index (rho = -0.15, p = 0.001, and rho = -0.23, p < 0.001), as well as direct associations of arylesterase, paraoxonase, and lactonase activities with HDL cholesterol (rho = 0.11, p = 0.005, rho = 0.20, p < 0.001, and rho = 0.20, p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed regarding metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, rs662 polymorphism allele frequencies, or the diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Nevertheless, correlations were found between certain PON1-related variables, steatosis, and ballooning. In conclusion, changes in PON1-related variables in morbidly obese patients are dependent on the disease itself and HDL levels. The relationships between these variables and specific liver histological changes raise intriguing questions for consideration in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Castañé
- Unitat de Recerca Biomédica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; (H.C.); (A.J.-F.); (C.M.-N.); (C.P.-G.); (V.C.-C.); (A.-M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Andrea Jiménez-Franco
- Unitat de Recerca Biomédica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; (H.C.); (A.J.-F.); (C.M.-N.); (C.P.-G.); (V.C.-C.); (A.-M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Cristian Martínez-Navidad
- Unitat de Recerca Biomédica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; (H.C.); (A.J.-F.); (C.M.-N.); (C.P.-G.); (V.C.-C.); (A.-M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Cristina Placed-Gallego
- Unitat de Recerca Biomédica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; (H.C.); (A.J.-F.); (C.M.-N.); (C.P.-G.); (V.C.-C.); (A.-M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Vicente Cambra-Cortés
- Unitat de Recerca Biomédica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; (H.C.); (A.J.-F.); (C.M.-N.); (C.P.-G.); (V.C.-C.); (A.-M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Adelina-Miruna Perta
- Unitat de Recerca Biomédica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; (H.C.); (A.J.-F.); (C.M.-N.); (C.P.-G.); (V.C.-C.); (A.-M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Marta París
- Department of Bariatric Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; (M.P.); (D.d.C.)
| | - Daniel del Castillo
- Department of Bariatric Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; (M.P.); (D.d.C.)
| | - Meritxell Arenas
- Unitat de Recerca Biomédica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; (H.C.); (A.J.-F.); (C.M.-N.); (C.P.-G.); (V.C.-C.); (A.-M.P.); (M.A.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Unitat de Recerca Biomédica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; (H.C.); (A.J.-F.); (C.M.-N.); (C.P.-G.); (V.C.-C.); (A.-M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomédica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; (H.C.); (A.J.-F.); (C.M.-N.); (C.P.-G.); (V.C.-C.); (A.-M.P.); (M.A.)
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Salari N, Kazeminia M, Mansouri K, Hosseinian-Far A, Mohammadi M. The Activity and Polymorphism of the PON1 in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 53:745-755. [PMID: 34467517 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00699-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver diseases are among the ten deadliest diseases in the world. Measuring PON1 is a test to assess the degree of liver disorder. There are several preliminary studies on the rate of PON1 activity in people with liver disease, and there are differences between the results of these studies; therefore, the aim of this research work is to determine the level of PON1 activity in people with liver disease using meta-analysis. METHOD The study searched to select articles that were published electronically from 2002 to 2020, in national and international databases of SID, MagIran, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science (WoS). RESULTS Among the articles included in the meta-analysis, the samples in the case (patients) and control groups were 807 and 2276, respectively. The mean activity of PON1 in individuals with liver disease in the case and control groups were 142.06 ± 7.7 and 272.19 ± 39.6, respectively, and this was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The mean difference analysis highlights a difference of - 2.75 ± 0.48 between the patient and control groups, indicating that liver disease significantly reduces PON1 activity. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that the polynomorphism of the PON1 is associated with an increased risk of liver disease, with lower levels of PON1 activity in people with liver disease than in healthy patients and this decrease was more in patients with liver cirrhosis than in other liver diseases. Given the importance of this gene's activity, studies such as this could provide a promising path for better drug design and treatment in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Salari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Kazeminia
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amin Hosseinian-Far
- Department of Business Systems & Operations, University of Northampton, Northampton, UK
| | - Masoud Mohammadi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Paraoxonase 1 and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082323. [PMID: 33923656 PMCID: PMC8072946 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, reliable biomarkers of NAFLD in relation to oxidative stress are not available. While paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant biomarker, there appears to be mixed data on PON-1 in patients with NAFLD. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the current data on PON1 activity (i.e., paraoxonase and arylesterase) in patients with NAFLD. A PubMed, CENTRAL, and Embase search identified 12 eligible articles. In the meta-analysis, the paraoxonase activity was low in patients with NAFLD (mean difference (MD) −27.17 U/L; 95% confidence interval (CI) −37.31 to −17.03). No difference was noted in the arylesterase activity (MD 2.45 U/L; 95% CI −39.83 to 44.74). In a subgroup analysis, the paraoxonase activity was low in biopsy-proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (MD −92.11 U/L; 95% CI −115.11 to −69.11), while the activity in NAFLD as diagnosed by ultrasonography or laboratory data was similar (MD −2.91 U/L; 95% CI −11.63 to 5.80) to that of non-NAFLD. In summary, the PON1, especially paraoxonase, activity could be a useful biomarker of NAFLD. Further studies are warranted to ascertain the relevance of PON1 measurements in patients with NAFLD.
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Antioxidant Enzymes Haplotypes and Polymorphisms Associated with Obesity in Mexican Children. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080684. [PMID: 32752212 PMCID: PMC7464274 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major health problem worldwide and constitutes a sanitary emergency in Mexico, especially childhood obesity. Several studies have proved the relationship between obesity and oxidative stress and the influence of genetic predisposition. This work was aimed to analyze the association of antioxidant enzyme polymorphisms with overweight and obesity in Mexican children and adolescents. A case-control study was performed in 585 children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years, using two criteria to classify obesity: body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BFP). Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were carried out, and malondialdehyde serum levels were determined. Genotyping was done with the Axiom Genome-Wide LAT microarray, including 68 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and paraoxonase (PON) families. We found six haplotypes associated with obesity—two of them (one in GPX3 and the other in GPX5 and GPX6) in a protective direction when obesity was classified by BMI. The other four haplotypes were associated with obesity when classification was based on BFP—one of them in GPX3 in a protective direction and the others in PON genes conferring obesity risk. In addition, two SNPs, GPX3 rs922429 and GPX4 rs2074451 showed protection against obesity classified by BFP. This study showed genetic susceptibility to oxidative stress in relation to obesity in Mexican children and opens up the possibility that some genetic loci related to obesity are not identified when weight classification is based on BMI.
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Tzifi F, Fretzayas A, Chrousos G, Kanaka-Gantenbein C. Non-alcoholic fatty liver infiltration in children: an underdiagnosed evolving disease. Hormones (Athens) 2019; 18:255-265. [PMID: 31140156 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-019-00107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) constitutes the most common liver disease, one that is still underdiagnosed in pediatric populations (as well as in the general population), this due to the progressive increase in childhood obesity observed both in developed and developing countries during the last few decades. The pathophysiology of the disease has not been thoroughly clarified yet. The condition displays common pathways in adults and children; however, there are age-related differences. Unlike adults, children with NAFLD require extensive laboratory analysis, because underlying pathologies other than obesity may contribute to the evolution of the disease. Despite the presence of several serum markers and imaging techniques that contribute to NAFLD diagnosis, liver biopsy remains the gold standard diagnostic procedure. Early intervention and obesity prevention are mandatory, as NAFLD is reversible at an early stage. If left undiagnosed and untreated, NAFLD can progress to steatohepatitis (NASH) and subsequent liver failure, a potentially lethal complication. Of note, there are no treatment options when advanced liver fibrosis occurs. This review summarizes literature data on NAFLD in childhood indicating that this is an evolving disease and a significant component of the metabolic syndrome. Pediatricians should be aware of this entity, screening children at high risk and providing appropriate early management, in collaboration with pediatric subspecialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Tzifi
- First Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
- Athens Medical Group, Marousi, Greece.
| | | | - George Chrousos
- First Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
- First Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Janac J, Zeljkovic A, Jelic-Ivanovic Z, Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic V, Miljkovic M, Stefanovic A, Munjas J, Vekic J, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Spasojević-Kalimanovska V. The association between lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity and fatty liver index. Ann Clin Biochem 2019; 56:583-592. [PMID: 31084205 DOI: 10.1177/0004563219853596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a frequent ailment with known complications, including those within the cardiovascular system. Associations between several indicators of high-density lipoprotein metabolism and function with clinical and laboratory parameters for the assessment of fatty liver index, a surrogate marker of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, were evaluated. Methods The study comprised 130 patients classified according to fatty liver index values: fatty liver index < 30, fatty liver index 30–59 (the intermediate group) and fatty liver index ⩾ 60. Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein activities were determined. Paraoxonase 1 concentration and its activity, paraoxonase 3 concentration and high-density lipoprotein subclass distribution were assessed. Results Increased lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity correlated with increased fatty liver index ( P < 0.001). Paraoxonase 3 concentration was lower in the fatty liver index ⩾ 60 group compared with the fatty liver index < 30 group ( P < 0.05). Cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity, paraoxonase 1 concentration and its activity did not significantly differ across the fatty liver index groups. The relative proportion of small-sized high-density lipoprotein 3 subclass was higher in the fatty liver index ⩾ 60 group compared with the other two fatty liver index groups ( P < 0.01). Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity positively associated with the fatty liver index ⩾ 60 group and remained significant after adjustment for other potential confounders. Only the triglyceride concentration remained significantly associated with lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity when the parameters that constitute the fatty liver index equation were examined. Conclusions Higher lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity is associated with elevated fatty liver index values. Significant independent association between triglycerides and lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity might indicate a role of hypertriglyceridaemia in alterations of lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity in individuals with elevated fatty liver index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Janac
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Jelic-Ivanovic
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic
- 2 Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Miljkovic
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Munjas
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Fadaei R, Meshkani R, Poustchi H, Fallah S, Moradi N, Panahi G, Merat S, Golmohammadi T. Association of carotid intima media thickness with atherogenic index of plasma, apo B/apo A-I ratio and paraoxonase activity in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:19-24. [PMID: 29359590 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1429475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NAFLD patients have higher risk of atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). apo B/apoA-I ratio and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) have been suggested as biomarker for ASCVD. METHODS apo A-I, apoB, aryl esterase (ARE) and paraoxonase (PON) activities and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) were determined in 49 NAFLD patients and 33 controls. RESULTS Plasma levels of apo A-I, adiponectin, ARE and PON activities decreased in NAFLD patients, while apo B, AIP and apoB/apo A-I ratio level were higher in NAFLD patients compared to controls. Furthermore, cIMT showed a positive association with AIP, apo B/apo A-I ratio and AIP + (apo B/apo A-I) in NAFLD patients. Strikingly, AIP + (apo B/apo A-I) showed a good ability to discriminating increased cIMT in NAFLD patients. CONCLUSIONS The result showed that AIP and apo B/apo A-I associated with cIMT in NAFLD patients; however, more study are needed to prove this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Fadaei
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Reza Meshkani
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- b Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
- c Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Soudabeh Fallah
- d Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Nariman Moradi
- e Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences , Sanandaj , Iran
| | - Ghodratollah Panahi
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Shahin Merat
- b Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
- c Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Taghi Golmohammadi
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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de Lira CT, Dos Santos MA, Gomes PP, Fidelix YL, Dos Santos AC, Tenório TR, Lofrano-Prado MC, do Prado WL. Aerobic training performed at ventilatory threshold improves liver enzymes and lipid profile related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with obesity. Nutr Health 2017; 23:281-288. [PMID: 29214926 DOI: 10.1177/0260106017720350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the positive effects of high-intensity training on weight management and health-related outcomes, it is postulated that high-intensity training may also induce oxidative stress, increasing hepatic damage. AIM The aim of this study was to compare the effects of low versus high-intensity training on biomarkers related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adolescents with obesity. METHODS For this study 107 adolescents (15 ± 1 years) with obesity (BMI = 34.7 ± 4.1 kg/m2) were randomized into High-Intensity Training (HIT, n = 31), Low-Intensity Training (LIT, n = 31) or Control Group (CG, n = 45). Adolescents from HIT and LIT received nutritional, psychological and clinical counseling. Blood lipids, Castelli risk index, glucose, insulin and hepatic enzymes were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks. RESULTS Castelli risk index 1 was reduced in all groups ( p < 0.001) with moderate effect size ( d) for HIT ( d = 0.62) and LIT ( d = 0.66). Castelli risk index 2 also decreased ( p < 0.001 for all groups; HIT d = 0.65; LIT d = 0.79). High-density lipoprotein increased in all groups ( d = 0.25 and d = 0.18 in HIT and LIT), while alanine aminotransferase tended to reduce ( p = 0.062) in HIT ( d = 0.34) and LIT ( d = 0.73) and aspartate aminotransferase decreased ( p = 0.024) in both HIT ( d = 0.24) and LIT ( d = 0.45). There were no changes in glucose, insulin and insulin resistance. CONCLUSION Both high and low-intensity training improved biomarkers related to NAFLD. Thus, high-intensity training can be a safe and effective alternative to prevent and treat NAFLD in adolescents with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wagner L do Prado
- 3 Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
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Total Oxidant and Antioxidant Status in Prepubertal Children with Obesity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:5621989. [PMID: 28904738 PMCID: PMC5585688 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5621989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims Obesity is accompanied by the formation of oxygen free radicals, whose intensified activity without effective defense mechanisms can lead to oxidative stress and related complications. We evaluated the presence of oxidative stress in obese prepubertal children. Methods The study included 83 healthy children aged 2–10 years (62 with obesity and 21 nonobese controls). Total oxidant capacity (TOC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), lipid parameters, glucose, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in serum. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Results Serum TOC concentration was significantly higher (p < 0.05) and TAC concentration was lower (p < 0.05) in obese children. OSI was higher (p < 0.01) in obese subjects compared with controls. CRP levels were normal in all children, but median CRP value was higher (p < 0.01) and HDL cholesterol levels were lower (p < 0.05) in the obese group. We found a significant negative correlation between TAC and ox-LDL concentrations (r = −0.27, p < 0.05) in obese children. Furthermore, obesity duration was positively correlated with TOC level (r = 0.32, p < 0.05) in this group. Conclusions Obesity-related oxidative stress already occurs in prepubescence. Early obesity diagnosis and the necessary therapeutic activity implementation is a vital strategy for the prophylaxis of free radical damage and related multiorgan complications.
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Yücel H, Türkdoğan KA, Zorlu A, Aydın H, Kurt R, Yılmaz MB. Association between oxidative stress index and post-CPR early mortality in cardiac arrest patients: A prospective observational study. Anatol J Cardiol 2014; 15:737-43. [PMID: 25592095 PMCID: PMC5368483 DOI: 10.5152/akd.2014.5719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a series of lifesaving actions that improve the chance of survival following cardiac arrest (CA). Many clinical and laboratory parameters, such as the presence of asystole, out-of-hospital CPR, and duration of cardiac arrest, are associated with failed CPR in patients with CA. Asystole is a state of no cardiac electrical activity, along with the absence of contractions of the myocardium and absence of cardiac output. Oxidative stress index (OSI), which is the ratio of total oxidative status to total antioxidant status, increases by ischemia-reperfusion injury. We investigated whether OSI levels in patients with CA could predict early mortality after CPR. Methods: This study has a prospective observational cohort design. Five patients with a history of cancer, four patients who developed hemolysis in their blood, six patients who were transferred to our hospital from other hospitals, and six patients in whom blood samples for OSI could not be stored properly were excluded. Finally, a total of 90 in-hospital or out-of-hospital CA patients and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers as the control group were evaluated prospectively. The patients were classified according to the CPR response into a successful group (n=46) and a failed group (n=44). Comparisons between groups were performed using one-way ANOVA with post hoc analysis by Tukey’s HSD or independent samples t-test and the Kruskal-Wallis tests or Mann-Whitney U test for normally and abnormally distributed data, respectively. Also, we used chi-square test, Spearman’s correlation test, univariate and multible logistic regression analyses, and receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. Results: OSI was 3.0±4.0, 5.6±4.3, and 8.7±3.8 in the control group, the successful CPR group, and the failed CPR group, respectively (p<0.001 for the 2 comparisons). OSI on admission, ischemia-modified albumin, presence of asystole, mean duration of cardiac arrest, out-of-hospital CPR, pH, and potassium and sodium levels were found to have prognostic significance in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate logistic regression model, OSI on admission (OR=1.325, p=0.003), ischemia-modified albumin (OR=1.008, p=0.005), presence of asystole (OR=13.576, p<0.001), and sodium level (OR=1.132, p=0.029) remained associated with an increased risk of early mortality. In addition, the optimal cut-off value of OSI to predict post-CPR mortality was measured as >6.02, with 84.1% sensitivity and 76.1% specificity. Conclusion: Elevated OSI levels can predict failed CPR in CA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Yücel
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University; Sivas-Turkey.
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12
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Eren E, Abuhandan M, Solmaz A, Taşkın A. Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase activity and oxidative stress status in children with metabolic syndrome. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2014; 6:163-8. [PMID: 25241610 PMCID: PMC4293645 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.1454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to measure paraoxonase/arylesterase activities and to evaluate the total oxidant and antioxidant capacities in obese children and in children with metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS A total of 151 children of comparable ages (13.23±1.96 years, 13.45±1.85 years and 13.95±1.31 years) were enrolled in the study. Forty of these were children with MetS, 55 were obese and 56 were healthy controls. Diagnosis of the MetS was made according to International Diabetes Federation criteria. Paraoxonase/arylesterase activities were evaluated by using paraoxon and phenylacetate substrates. Total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured and oxidative stress index (OSI) was estimated by calculation. RESULTS High levels of paraoxonase were detected in the obese group, whereas high levels of arylesterase were detected in both MetS and obese groups. Higher values for TOS, TAS and OSI were found in the MetS group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Higher values of mean TOS and OSI in the MetS group than those in the control groups indicate that these parameters may be indicators of future risks such as atherosclerosis in patients with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Eren
- Uludağ University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Bursa, Turkey. E-ma-il:
| | - Mahmut Abuhandan
- Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Solmaz
- Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Taşkın
- Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
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Demir B, Demir E, Acıksarı G, Uygun T, Utku IK, Gedikbasi A, Caglar IM, Pirhan O, Tureli HO, Oflar E, Ungan İ, Ciftci S, Karakaya O. The Association between the Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Isolated Metabolic Syndrome Patients: A Multimarker Approach. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:954045. [PMID: 25530760 PMCID: PMC4233660 DOI: 10.1155/2014/954045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus significantly increases in the patient population with metabolic syndrome (MeS). The present study aimed to investigate the association between the epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) and the oxidative stress parameters in MeS patients. The study included 181 patients as a patient group of 92 consecutive patients with MeS and a control group of 89 consecutive patients with similar age and gender. EATT was evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography. Serum levels of total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidative capacity (TAS), paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), and arylesterase activities were measured. EATT was higher in the MeS group compared to the control group (6.0 ± 2.0 mm and 4.0 ± 1.0 mm, resp.; P < 0.001). The level of TOS was higher in the MeS group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Additionally, the TAS level was higher in the MeS group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the serum levels of PON-1 and arylesterase were lower in the MeS group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). EAT may cause an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases by leading to increased oxidative stress in patients with MeS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Demir
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Tevfik Sağlam Caddesi No. 11, Zuhuratbaba Mahallesi, Bakırköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
- *Bulent Demir:
| | - Esra Demir
- Department of İnternal Medicine, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Turkey
| | - Gonul Acıksarı
- Department of Cardiology, İstinye State Hospital, Turkey
| | - Turgut Uygun
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Tevfik Sağlam Caddesi No. 11, Zuhuratbaba Mahallesi, Bakırköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Irem Kırac Utku
- Department of İnternal Medicine, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Turkey
| | - Asuman Gedikbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Turkey
| | - Ilker Murat Caglar
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Tevfik Sağlam Caddesi No. 11, Zuhuratbaba Mahallesi, Bakırköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Pirhan
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Tevfik Sağlam Caddesi No. 11, Zuhuratbaba Mahallesi, Bakırköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Oktay Tureli
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Tevfik Sağlam Caddesi No. 11, Zuhuratbaba Mahallesi, Bakırköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ersan Oflar
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Tevfik Sağlam Caddesi No. 11, Zuhuratbaba Mahallesi, Bakırköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İsmail Ungan
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Tevfik Sağlam Caddesi No. 11, Zuhuratbaba Mahallesi, Bakırköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serkan Ciftci
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Tevfik Sağlam Caddesi No. 11, Zuhuratbaba Mahallesi, Bakırköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Karakaya
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Tevfik Sağlam Caddesi No. 11, Zuhuratbaba Mahallesi, Bakırköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
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