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Influence of Chlorhexidine and Cetylpyridine on Periodontal Status and Indicators of Oxidative Stress in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111732. [PMID: 34829603 PMCID: PMC8614958 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: One of the treatment goals in type 1 diabetes and periodontitis is to address chronic inflammation to prevent the development of neurovascular complications. The aim of this study was to assess the local anti-inflammatory effects of chlorhexidine digluconate and cetylpyridine chloride on periodontal status and indicators of oxidative stress in saliva in patients with type 1 diabetes. Materials and Methods: A total of 42 subjects aged 27 (interquartile range, IQR 22–35) years, with type 1 diabetes for a duration of 12 (IQR 9–18) years, and glycated hemoglobin 8.05 (IQR 7.1–9.4)% were included. Patients were examined twice—initially, and after 14 days of using toothpaste with chlorhexidine and cetylpyridine. Clinical examination of gingival tissues was performed. Certain oxidative stress markers (TP, TEAC, TBARS, AOPP) were measured in the saliva samples. Results: There were significant changes in clinical indicators of periodontal status before and after the application of the toothpaste (API before 0.35 (0.24–0.65) vs. API after 0.265 (0.18–0.39), p = 0.03; SBI before 0.07 (0.04–0.15) vs. SBI after 0.035 (0-0.06), p = 0.002; GI before 0.88 (0.46–1) vs. GI after 0.67 (0.25–1), p = 0.0008). The concentration of saliva TBARS decreased (p = 0.00005) and TEAC increased (p = 0.09). Conclusion: Proper oral hygiene supported by antibacterial chemicals may improve the periodontal status and reduce inflammation.
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Kountouri A, Korakas E, Ikonomidis I, Raptis A, Tentolouris N, Dimitriadis G, Lambadiari V. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Oxidative Stress as a Major Pathophysiological Mechanism Linked to Adverse Clinical Outcomes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:752. [PMID: 34065123 PMCID: PMC8151267 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent reports have demonstrated the association between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and increased morbidity and mortality rates during coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection, setting a priority of these patients for vaccination. Impaired innate and adaptive immunity observed in T1DM seem to play a major role. Severe, life-threatening COVID-19 disease is characterized by the excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, known as a "cytokine storm". Patients with T1DM present elevated levels of cytokines including interleukin-1a (IL), IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), suggesting the pre-existence of chronic inflammation, which, in turn, has been considered the major risk factor of adverse COVID-19 outcomes in many cohorts. Even more importantly, oxidative stress is a key player in COVID-19 pathogenesis and determines disease severity. It is well-known that extreme glucose excursions, the prominent feature of T1DM, are a potent mediator of oxidative stress through several pathways including the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and the increased production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Additionally, chronic endothelial dysfunction and the hypercoagulant state observed in T1DM, in combination with the direct damage of endothelial cells by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), may result in endothelial and microcirculation impairment, which contribute to the pathogenesis of acute respiratory syndrome and multi-organ failure. The binding of SARS-CoV-2 to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in pancreatic b-cells permits the direct destruction of b-cells, which contributes to the development of new-onset diabetes and the induction of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in patients with T1DM. Large clinical studies are required to clarify the exact pathways through which T1DM results in worse COVID-19 outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Kountouri
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (E.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Emmanouil Korakas
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (E.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Ignatios Ikonomidis
- Second Cardiology Department, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Raptis
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (E.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Nikolaos Tentolouris
- First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - George Dimitriadis
- Sector of Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Vaia Lambadiari
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (E.K.); (A.R.)
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Colomo N, López-Siguero JP, Leiva I, Fuentes N, Rubio-Martín E, Omiste A, Guerrero M, Tapia MJ, Martín-Tejedor B, Ruiz de Adana MS, Olveira G. Relationship between glucose control, glycemic variability, and oxidative stress in children with type 1 diabetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 66:540-549. [PMID: 30853269 DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies assessing the relationship between oxidative stress and glycemic variability in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are available, and most of them reported no significant results. OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship between glucose control, glycemic variability, and oxidative stress as measured by urinary excretion of 8-iso-prostanglandin F2-alpha (8-iso-PGF2α) in children with T1DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study including 25 children with T1DM. Participants were evaluated during five days in two different situations: 1st phase during a summer camp, and 2nd phase in their everyday life at home. The following data were collected in each study phase:. - Six capillary blood glucose measurements per day. Mean blood glucose (MBG) levels and glucose variability parameters, including standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), were calculated. - Capillary HbA1c level. - 24-h urine sample to measure 8-iso-PGF2α. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in urinary 8-iso-PGF2α levels (142±37 vs. 172±61pg/mg creatinine) and glucose control and glycemic variability parameters between both phases. In the 2nd phase, statistically significant correlations were found between urinary 8-iso-PGF2α and HbA1c levels (r=0.53), MBG (r=0.72), standard deviation (r=0.49), and MAGE (r=0.42). No significant correlations between glucose control, glycemic variability and urinary 8-iso-PGF2α excretion were found in the 1st phase. CONCLUSIONS A significant correlation was found between glycemic variability and HbA1c level and urinary 8-iso-PGF2α excretion in a group of children with T1DM during their daily lives. Additional studies are needed to confirm this finding and to explore its long-term impact on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Colomo
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Plaza del Hospital Civil sn, 29009 Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Sinesio Delgado 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan Pedro López-Siguero
- Servicio de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Avenida Arroyo de los Ángeles sn, 29011 Málaga, Spain
| | - Isabel Leiva
- Servicio de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Avenida Arroyo de los Ángeles sn, 29011 Málaga, Spain
| | - Noemí Fuentes
- Servicio de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Avenida Arroyo de los Ángeles sn, 29011 Málaga, Spain
| | - Elehazara Rubio-Martín
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Plaza del Hospital Civil sn, 29009 Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Sinesio Delgado 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Omiste
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Plaza del Hospital Civil sn, 29009 Málaga, Spain
| | - Mercedes Guerrero
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Plaza del Hospital Civil sn, 29009 Málaga, Spain
| | - María José Tapia
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Plaza del Hospital Civil sn, 29009 Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Sinesio Delgado 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martín-Tejedor
- Servicio de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Avenida Arroyo de los Ángeles sn, 29011 Málaga, Spain
| | - María Soledad Ruiz de Adana
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Plaza del Hospital Civil sn, 29009 Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Sinesio Delgado 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Olveira
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Plaza del Hospital Civil sn, 29009 Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Sinesio Delgado 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Shahzad S, Mateen S, Naeem SS, Akhtar K, Rizvi W, Moin S. Syringic acid protects from isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 849:135-145. [PMID: 30731086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Identification of pharmacologically potent antioxidant compounds for their use in preventive medicine is thrust area of current research. This study was undertaken with the aim of determining the protective role of syringic acid (SA) on isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. SA was orally given to rats for 21 days at three different concentrations (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg). At 20th and 21st day, rats were subcutaneously injected with ISO and at the end of experimental period, rats were killed. ISO induced myocardial damage was averted by pre-co-treatment of SA, as decrease was found in serum level of marker enzymes (CKMB, LDH, AST, ALT), lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl (PC) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL 6). Furthermore, content of glutathione (GSH) and activities of antioxidant enzymes in heart tissue were significantly raised. Improvement in infarct size and erythrocyte (RBCs) morphology was also observed. The biochemical findings were supported by histopathological outcome and protective effect of SA was found to be dose dependent. The results of our study demonstrated that the cardioprotective potential of SA in rat model of ISO induced MI might be due to anti-lipid peroxidative and endogenous antioxidant system enhancement effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumayya Shahzad
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Somaiya Mateen
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Syed Shariq Naeem
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kafil Akhtar
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Waseem Rizvi
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shagufta Moin
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Basu S. The enigma ofin vivooxidative stress assessment: isoprostanes as an emerging target. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD & NUTRITION 2016. [PMCID: PMC2607004 DOI: 10.1080/17482970701411642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is believed to be one of the major factors behind several acute and chronic diseases, and may also be associated with ageing. Excess formation of free radicals in miscellaneous body environment may originate from endogenous response to cell injury, but also from exposure to a number of exogenous toxins. When the antioxidant defence system is overwhelmed, this leads to cell damage. However, the measurement of free radicals or their endproducts is tricky, since these compounds are reactive and short lived, and have diverse characteristics. Specific evidence for the involvement of free radicals in pathological situations has been difficult to obtain, partly owing to shortcomings in earlier described methods for the measurement of oxidative stress. Isoprostanes, which are prostaglandin-like bioactive compounds synthesized in vivo from oxidation of arachidonic acid, independently of cyclooxygenases, are involved in many human diseases, and their measurement therefore offers a way to assess oxidative stress. Elevated levels of F2-isoprostanes have also been seen in the normal human pregnancy, but their physiological role has not yet been defined. Large amounts of bioactive F2-isoprostanes are excreted in the urine in normal basal situations, with a wide interindividual variation. Their exact role in the regulation of normal physiological functions, however, needs to be explored further. Current understanding suggests that measurement of F2-isoprostanes in body fluids provides a reliable analytical tool to study oxidative stress-related diseases and experimental inflammatory conditions, and also in the evaluation of various dietary antioxidants, as well as drugs with radical-scavenging properties. However, assessment of isoprostanes in plasma or urine does not necessarily reflect any specific tissue damage, nor does it provide information on the oxidation of lipids other than arachidonic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Basu
- Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of MedicineUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
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Fatima N, Faisal SM, Zubair S, Ajmal M, Siddiqui SS, Moin S, Owais M. Role of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Biochemical Markers in the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes: Correlation with Age and Glycemic Condition in Diabetic Human Subjects. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161548. [PMID: 27575603 PMCID: PMC5004869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic inflammatory disease involving insulin producing β-cells destroyed by the conjoined action of auto reactive T-cells, inflammatory cytokines and monocytic cells. The aim of this study was to elucidate the status of pro-inflammatory cytokines and biochemical markers and possible correlation of these factors towards outcome of the disease. METHODS The study was carried out on 29 T1D subjects and 20 healthy subjects. Plasma levels of oxidative stress markers, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were estimated employing biochemical assays. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as by IL-1β & IL-17 in the serum were determined by ELISA, while the expression of TNF-α, IL-23 & IFN-γ was ascertained by qRT-PCR. RESULTS The onset of T1D disease was accompanied with elevation in levels of Plasma malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl content and nitric oxide while plasma vitamin C, reduced glutathione and erythrocyte sulfhydryl groups were found to be significantly decreased in T1D patients as compared to healthy control subjects. Activity of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-s-transferase showed a significant suppression in the erythrocytes of T1D patients as compared to healthy subjects. Nevertheless, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-17A were significantly augmented (***p≤.001) on one hand, while expression of T cell based cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-23 was also up-regulated (*p≤.05) as compared to healthy human subjects. CONCLUSION The level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and specific biochemical markers in the serum of the patient can be exploited as potential markers for type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. The study suggests that level of inflammatory markers is up-regulated in T1D patients in an age dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naureen Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh-202002, India
| | - Syed Mohd Faisal
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh-202002, India
| | - Swaleha Zubair
- Women’s College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh-202002, India
| | - Mohd Ajmal
- Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh-202002, India
| | - Sheelu Shafiq Siddiqui
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh-202002, India
| | - Shagufta Moin
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh-202002, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh-202002, India
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Kolesnikova LI, Darenskaya MA, Semenova NV, Grebenkina LA, Suturina LV, Dolgikh MI, Gnusina SV. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus during reproductive system development. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2015; 51:107-11. [PMID: 25975879 DOI: 10.1016/j.medici.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is found worldwide and is regarded as one of the main risks to human health. The objective of this study was to determine the state of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant protection in girls with T1D type considering the stages of reproductive system development. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study enrolled 56 young girls with T1D and 60 healthy girls (control) matched by age. The study population was divided into 3 age groups: prepubertal, adolescent, and juvenile. The state of LPO and antioxidant system was assessed using the coefficient of oxidative stress that represented the ratio of LPO products to general antioxidative blood activity. Spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods were applied. RESULTS The results of our study showed increased conjugated diene (CD) and thiobarbituric acid reactant (TBAR) concentrations as well as a decreased reduced glutathione level in prepubertal girls with T1D. Adolescent girls with T1D had a significantly greater CD level and juvenile girls with T1D had a significantly greater TBAR level and lower α-tocopherol concentration than girls in the control group. The greatest coefficient of oxidative stress (1.16) was observed in the prepubertal period. CONCLUSIONS The prepubertal period is characterized by the most severe state of lipid peroxidation process-antioxidant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubov I Kolesnikova
- Department of Reproductive Pathophysiology, Scientific Centre of Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Marina A Darenskaya
- Department of Reproductive Pathophysiology, Scientific Centre of Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia V Semenova
- Department of Reproductive Pathophysiology, Scientific Centre of Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation.
| | - Lyudmila A Grebenkina
- Department of Reproductive Pathophysiology, Scientific Centre of Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Larisa V Suturina
- Department of Reproductive Pathophysiology, Scientific Centre of Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Marya I Dolgikh
- Department of Reproductive Pathophysiology, Scientific Centre of Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana V Gnusina
- Department of Reproductive Pathophysiology, Scientific Centre of Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
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Colomo N, Tapia M, Vallejo M, García-Torres F, Rubio-Martín E, Caballero F, Jiménez J, Pelaez M, Gómez A, Sánchez I, López-Siguero J, Soriguer F, Ruiz de Adana M. Glycaemic variability and oxidative stress in children, with type 1 diabetes attending a summer camp. ANALES DE PEDIATRÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Maahs DM, Daniels SR, de Ferranti SD, Dichek HL, Flynn J, Goldstein BI, Kelly AS, Nadeau KJ, Martyn-Nemeth P, Osganian SK, Quinn L, Shah AS, Urbina E. Cardiovascular disease risk factors in youth with diabetes mellitus: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2014; 130:1532-58. [PMID: 25170098 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Colomo N, Tapia MJ, Vallejo MR, García-Torres F, Rubio-Martín E, Caballero FF, Jiménez JM, Pelaez MJ, Gómez AM, Sánchez I, López-Siguero JP, Soriguer F, Ruiz de Adana MS. [Glycemic variability and oxidative stress in children, with type 1 diabetes attending a summer camp]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2013; 81:174-80. [PMID: 24290964 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess glycemic variability, oxidative stress and their relationship in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) attending a summer camp. PATIENTS AND METHOD Cross-sectional study that included 54 children and adolescents with T1DM aged 7-16, attending a 7 day summer camp. Sociodemographic information, clinical data, and blood glucose values measured using an Accu-Chek Nano® glucose meter were recorded. Glucose variability markers (standard deviation [SD], low blood glucose index [LBGI], high blood glucose index [HBGI], mean amplitude of glycemic excursions [MAGE] and mean of daily differences [MODD]) were calculated. Oxidative stress was assessed by the measurement of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α) in a 24-hour urine sample collected at the end of the camp in 14 children. RESULTS The Median SD, MAGE and MODD indexes were in the high range (61, 131 and 58 mg/dl, respectively), LBGI in the moderate range (3.3), and HBGI in the low range (4.5). The mean HbA1c was 7.6% and the median urinary excretion rate of 8-iso-PGF2α was 864.39 pg/mg creatinine. The Spearman correlation coefficients between markers of glycemic variability (SD, HBGI, MAGE, MODD) were significant. Non-significant correlations were found between markers of glycemic variability and urinary 8-iso-PGF2α. CONCLUSIONS High glycemic variability was observed in children and adolescents attending a summer camp. However, no correlations were found between markers of glycemic variability and oxidative stress measured by urinary 8-iso-PGF2α. Further studies are needed to address the relationship between oxidative stress and glycemic variability in children with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Colomo
- UGC de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España; CIBER de diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España.
| | - M J Tapia
- UGC de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España
| | - M R Vallejo
- UGC de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España
| | - F García-Torres
- UGC de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España
| | - E Rubio-Martín
- UGC de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España; CIBER de diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - F F Caballero
- Servicio de Psiquiatría, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, España
| | - J M Jiménez
- UGC de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España
| | - M J Pelaez
- Asociación de Diabéticos de Málaga (ADIMA), Málaga, España
| | - A M Gómez
- Asociación de Diabéticos de Málaga (ADIMA), Málaga, España
| | - I Sánchez
- Asociación de Diabéticos de Málaga (ADIMA), Málaga, España
| | - J P López-Siguero
- UGC de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España
| | - F Soriguer
- UGC de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España; CIBER de diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - M S Ruiz de Adana
- UGC de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España; CIBER de diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
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11
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Pereira Braga C, Momentti AC, Barbosa Peixoto F, de Fátima Ferreira Baptista R, dos Santos FA, Fava FH, Fernandes AAH. Influence of treatment with quercetin on lipid parameters and oxidative stress of pregnant diabetic rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 91:171-7. [PMID: 23458202 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2012-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Among the numerous coadjuvant therapies that could influence the incidence and progression of diabetic complications, antioxidants and flavonoids are currently being tested in clinical trials. We investigated the effect of quercetin on biochemical parameters in streptozotocin-induced (60 mg/kg body mass, by intraperitoneal injection) diabetic rats. A total of 32 female Wistar rats were distributed among 4 groups as follows: control (G1); control treated with quercetin (G2); diabetic (G3); and diabetic treated with quercetin (G4). Quercetin administered to pregnant diabetic rats controlled dyslipidemia and improved lipid profiles in diabetes mellitus, regulated oxidative stress by reducing the generation of lipid hydroperoxides, and increased the activity of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Pereira Braga
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Instituto de Biociências, Campus de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, 18618-970, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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12
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Chiavaroli V, Giannini C, De Marco S, Chiarelli F, Mohn A. Unbalanced oxidant-antioxidant status and its effects in pediatric diseases. Redox Rep 2011; 16:101-7. [PMID: 21801491 DOI: 10.1179/174329211x13049558293551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress results from a disparity between the generation of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant ability of the organism. The alteration of the oxidant-antioxidant system brings in adults an effective state of imbalance, which may influence the pathogenesis of many diseases. Oxidative stress also plays a pivotal role in the progression of various pathologies in childhood, through a manipulation of regulatory proteins. In fact, several studies have demonstrated that an unbalanced oxidant-antioxidant status is able to determine toxic effects even during infancy. Therefore, the aim of this review was to summarize current knowledge about the dynamic relationship between oxidative stress and systemic diseases during childhood. In order to better understand these complex mechanisms, a comprehensive review of the literature was done, focusing mainly on pre-pubertal children. In fact, this age-group offers a unique opportunity to exclude confounding factors, especially those related to the metabolic effects induced by puberty. Early identification of these very young patients should be aimed at minimizing the degree of oxidative damage. Only by achieving early diagnosis, will it be possible to identify those children who could benefit from specific therapeutic approaches targeting oxidative stress.
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13
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Basu S. Bioactive eicosanoids: role of prostaglandin F(2α) and F₂-isoprostanes in inflammation and oxidative stress related pathology. Mol Cells 2010; 30:383-91. [PMID: 21113821 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-010-0157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are supposed to be the key players of several acute and chronic diseases, and also for progressive aging process. Eicosanoids, especially prostaglandin F(2α) (PGF(2α)) and F₂-isoprostanes are endogenous compounds that are involved both in physiology and the above mentioned pathologies. These compounds are biosynthesized mainly from esterified arachidonic acid through both enzymatic and non-enzymatic free radical-catalysed reactions in vivo, respectively. They have shown to possess potent biological activities in addition to their application as biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Recent advancement of methodologies has made it possible to quantify these compounds more reliably and apply them in various in vivo studies successfully. Today, experimental and clinical studies have revealed that both PGF(2α) and F₂-isoprostanes are involved in severe acute or chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatic diseases, asthma, risk factors of atherosclerosis, diabetes, ischemia-reperfusion, septic shock and many others. These evidences promote that assessment of bioactive PGF(2α) and F₂-isoprostanes simultaneously in body fluids offers unique non-invasive analytical opportunity to study the function of these eicosanoids in physiology, oxidative stress-related and inflammatory diseases, and also in the determination of potency of various radical scavengers, anti-inflammatory compounds, drugs, antioxidants and diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Basu
- Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden,
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14
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Abstract
Oxidative stress is implicated as one of the key causes underlying many diseases. Free radicals are important constituents of basal physiology. Assessment of free radicals or the end products of their action has proved to be difficult. Consequently, authentication of the contribution of free radicals to physiology and pathology has usually been equivocal. Isoprostanes are biosynthesized in vivo, predominantly through free radical attack on arachidonic acid and are now regarded as robust biomarkers of oxidative stress in vivo. Isoprostanes are associated with many human diseases, and their concentration is altered over the course of normal human pregnancy, but their (patho)physiological roles have not yet been clearly defined. Measurement of F(2)-isoprostanes in body fluids could offer a unique analytical opportunity to study the role of free radicals in physiology and pathophysiology in order to comprehend both oxidative strain and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Basu
- Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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15
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Matheson A, Willcox MDP, Flanagan J, Walsh BJ. Urinary biomarkers involved in type 2 diabetes: a review. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2010; 26:150-71. [PMID: 20222150 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most challenging health concerns of the 21st century. With at least 30% of the diabetic population remaining undiagnosed, effective and early diagnosis is of critical concern. Development of a diagnostic test, more convenient and reliable than those currently used, would therefore be highly beneficial. Urine as a diagnostic medium allows for non-invasive detection of biomarkers, including some associated with type 2 diabetes and its complications. This review provides a synopsis of those urinary biomarkers that potentially may provide a basis for the development of improved diagnostic tests. Three main pathways for the sourcing of potential makers are identified: kidney damage, oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation including atherosclerosis/vascular damage. This review briefly presents each pathway and some of the most relevant urinary biomarkers that may be used to monitor the development or progression of diabetes and its complications. In particular, biomarkers of renal dysfunction such as transferrin, type IV collagen and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase might prove to be more sensitive than urinary albumin, the current gold standard, in the detection of incipient nephropathy and risk assessment of cardiovascular disease. Inflammatory markers including orosomucoid, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, vascular endothelial growth factor and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, as well as oxidative stress markers such as 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine may also be useful biomarkers for diagnosis or monitoring of diabetic complications, particularly kidney disease. However, the sensitivity of these markers compared with albumin requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Matheson
- Minomic Pty Ltd, Frenchs Forest, New South Wales, Australia.
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16
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Bellieni CV, Iantorno L, Perrone S, Rodriguez A, Longini M, Capitani S, Buonocore G. Even routine painful procedures can be harmful for the newborn. Pain 2009; 147:128-31. [PMID: 19786323 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2009.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Reis JS, Veloso CA, Mattos RT, Purish S, Nogueira-Machado JA. [Oxidative stress: a review on metabolic signaling in type 1 diabetes]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 52:1096-105. [PMID: 19082297 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-27302008000700005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2008] [Accepted: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic complications appear to be multifactorial process. The biochemical and pathological mechanisms are associated with chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes and the increased oxidative stress which has been postulated to play a central role in these disorders. Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative cell injury caused by free radicals contributes to the development of type 1 diabetes (DM1) complications and decreased efficiency of antioxidant defenses (both enzymatic and nonenzymatic) seems to correlate with the severity of pathological tissue changes in DM1. In this review, we report as oxidative stress may exert deleterious effects in diabetes, as well as address current strategies in study to down-regulating vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice Sepúlveda Reis
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG.
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18
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Basu S. F2-isoprostanes in human health and diseases: from molecular mechanisms to clinical implications. Antioxid Redox Signal 2008; 10:1405-34. [PMID: 18522490 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2007.1956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is implicated as one of the major underlying mechanisms behind many acute and chronic diseases, and involved in normal aging. However, the measurement of free radicals or their end products is complicated. Thus, proof of association of free radicals in pathologic conditions has been absent. Isoprostanes are prostaglandin-like bioactive compounds that are biosynthesized in vivo independent of cyclooxygenases, principally through free-radical catalyzation of arachidonic acid. Isoprostanes are now considered to be reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress, as evidenced by an autonomous study organized recently by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States. A number of these compounds have potent biologic activities such as vasoconstrictive and certain inflammatory properties. Isoprostanes are involved in many human diseases. Additionally, elevated levels of F(2)-isoprostanes have been seen in normal human pregnancy and after intake of some fatty acids, but their physiologic assignments have not yet been distinctive. This evidence indicates that measurement of bioactive F(2)-isoprostanes in body fluids offers a unique noninvasive analytic utensil to study the role of free radicals in physiology, oxidative stress-related diseases, experimental acute or chronic inflammatory conditions, and also in the assessment of various antioxidants, radical scavengers, and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Basu
- Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Krzystek-Korpacka M, Salmonowicz B, Boehm D, Berdowska I, Zielinski B, Patryn E, Noczynska A, Gamian A. Diagnostic potential of oxidative stress markers in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Clin Biochem 2008; 41:48-55. [PMID: 18246609 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To validate the diagnostic utility of oxidative stress markers in the evaluation of young type 1 diabetics, as suggested elsewhere. DESIGN Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured in sera from diabetics, their siblings and controls, with diagnostic potential evaluated by ROC analysis, and related to diabetes clinical parameters. RESULTS In diabetics AOPP and TBARS were elevated, TAS decreased. Similar alterations were observed for AOPP and TAS in their siblings. AOPP and TAS were good indicators of diabetes. AOPP and TBARS correlated with HbA1C (independent predictor), but were poor markers of non-adequate glycemic control. The cardiovascular disease risk factors were independent predictors of TBARS concentrations. CONCLUSIONS AOPP accumulation and TAS reduction seem to precede diabetes and might be considered as susceptibility indicators in relatives, but not as diabetes markers in general population (no diabetes specificity has been shown). Application in monitoring of metabolic control is not validated.
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20
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Bibliography. Current world literature. Diabetes and the endocrine pancreas II. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2007; 14:329-57. [PMID: 17940461 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e3282c3a898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ramakrishna V, Jailkhani R. Evaluation of oxidative stress in Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) patients. Diagn Pathol 2007; 2:22. [PMID: 17603912 PMCID: PMC1936413 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-2-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2007] [Accepted: 07/01/2007] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Free radical mediated oxidative stress is mainly involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Proteins and lipids are among the prime targets for oxidative stress. In the present study, we evaluated the oxidative stress in chronic IDDM patients by estimating the lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and antioxidants status. SUBJECTS AND DESIGN A total of 35 (15 IDDM + 20 normal healthy) children were examined in the study and estimated the lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and antioxidants - vitamin A (beta-carotene, retinol), vitamin C, vitamin E and enzymatic antioxidants and nitric oxide. RESULTS A statistically significant higher values of protein carbonyl groups and MDA as lipid peroxides were observed in diabetic patients with slight reduction in the synthesis of nitric oxide. It is interesting to note that there was a decrease in the antioxidant levels with corresponding increased protein and lipid oxidation. On PAGE under native conditions, we observed decreased levels of proteins - albumin, transferrin, ceruloplasmin and heptoglobulins and variable GC globulin fractions in IDDM compared to normal healthy controls. CONCLUSION Hyperglycemia induces the overproduction of oxygen free radicals and consequently increases the protein oxidation and lipid oxidation. A significance difference in the mean plasma concentration of total antioxidant status was observed in IDDM patients. The findings of the present study suggest that diabetes in an altered metabolic state of oxidation-reduction and that it is convenient to give therapeutic interventions with antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadde Ramakrishna
- Department of Biochemistry, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Bijapur 586 103, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 003, India
| | - Rama Jailkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Bijapur 586 103, India
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