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Hormann FM, Hoogkamer AQ, Boeree A, Sonneveld E, Escherich G, den Boer ML, Boer JM. Integrating copy number data of 64 iAMP21 BCP-ALL patients narrows the common region of amplification to 1.57 Mb. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1128560. [PMID: 36910655 PMCID: PMC9996016 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1128560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21) is a rare subtype of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (BCP-ALL). It is unknown how iAMP21 contributes to leukaemia. The currently known commonly amplified region is 5.1 Mb. Methods We aimed to narrow down the common region of amplification by using high resolution techniques. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) was used to determine copy number aberrations, Affymetrix U133 Plus2 expression arrays were used to determine gene expression. Genome-wide expression correlations were evaluated using Globaltest. Results We narrowed down the common region of amplification by combining copy number data from 12 iAMP21 cases with 52 cases from literature. The combined common region of amplification was 1.57 Mb, located from 36.07 to 37.64 Mb (GRCh38). This region is located telomeric from, but not including, RUNX1, which is the locus commonly used to diagnose iAMP21. This narrow region, which falls inside the Down Syndrome critical region, includes 13 genes of which the expression of eight genes was significantly upregulated compared with 143 non-iAMP21 B-other cases. Among these, transcriptional repressor RIPPLY3 (also known as DSCR6) was the highest overexpressed gene (fold change = 4.2, FDR < 0.001) and most strongly correlated (R = 0.58) with iAMP21-related genome-wide expression changes. Discussion The more precise definition of the common region of amplification could be beneficial in the diagnosis of iAMP21 based on copy number analysis from DNA sequencing or arrays as well as stimulate functional research into the role of the included genes in iAMP21 biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke M Hormann
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Erasmus Medical Center (MC) - Sophia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alex Q Hoogkamer
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Aurélie Boeree
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Edwin Sonneveld
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Dutch Childhood Oncology Group, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Gabriele Escherich
- Cooperative study group for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (COALL) - German Cooperative Study Group for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Hamburg, Germany.,Clinic of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Monique L den Boer
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Erasmus Medical Center (MC) - Sophia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Dutch Childhood Oncology Group, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Judith M Boer
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Lee J, Kim SY, Lim YJ. A Case of B-cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with the t(14;22)(q32;q11) Presenting Hyperleukocytosis. CLINICAL PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.15264/cpho.2022.29.2.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jianne Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sun Young Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yeon Jung Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
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3
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Vicente-Garcés C, Esperanza-Cebollada E, Montesdeoca S, Torrebadell M, Rives S, Dapena JL, Català A, Conde N, Camós M, Vega-García N. Technical Validation and Clinical Utility of an NGS Targeted Panel to Improve Molecular Characterization of Pediatric Acute Leukemia. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:854098. [PMID: 35463953 PMCID: PMC9021638 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.854098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has provided useful genetic information to redefine diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies for the management of acute leukemia (AL). However, the application in the clinical setting is still challenging. Our aim was to validate the AmpliSeq™ for Illumina® Childhood Cancer Panel, a pediatric pan-cancer targeted NGS panel that includes the most common genes associated with childhood cancer, and assess its utility in the daily routine of AL diagnostics. In terms of sequencing metrics, the assay reached all the expected values. We obtained a mean read depth greater than 1000×. The panel demonstrated a high sensitivity for DNA (98.5% for variants with 5% variant allele frequency (VAF)) and RNA (94.4%), 100% of specificity and reproducibility for DNA and 89% of reproducibility for RNA. Regarding clinical utility, 49% of mutations and 97% of the fusions identified were demonstrated to have clinical impact. Forty-one percent of mutations refined diagnosis, while 49% of them were considered targetable. Regarding RNA, fusion genes were more clinically impactful in terms of refining diagnostic (97%). Overall, the panel found clinically relevant results in the 43% of patients tested in this cohort. To sum up, we validated a reliable and reproducible method to refine pediatric AL diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, and demonstrated the feasibility of incorporating a targeted NGS panel into pediatric hematology practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Vicente-Garcés
- Hematology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Leukemia and Other Pediatric Hemopathies, Developmental Tumors Biology Group, Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Esperanza-Cebollada
- Hematology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Leukemia and Other Pediatric Hemopathies, Developmental Tumors Biology Group, Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Montesdeoca
- Hematology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Leukemia and Other Pediatric Hemopathies, Developmental Tumors Biology Group, Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Torrebadell
- Hematology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Leukemia and Other Pediatric Hemopathies, Developmental Tumors Biology Group, Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Rives
- Leukemia and Other Pediatric Hemopathies, Developmental Tumors Biology Group, Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Dapena
- Leukemia and Other Pediatric Hemopathies, Developmental Tumors Biology Group, Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Català
- Leukemia and Other Pediatric Hemopathies, Developmental Tumors Biology Group, Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Conde
- Leukemia and Other Pediatric Hemopathies, Developmental Tumors Biology Group, Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Camós
- Hematology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Leukemia and Other Pediatric Hemopathies, Developmental Tumors Biology Group, Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Vega-García
- Hematology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Leukemia and Other Pediatric Hemopathies, Developmental Tumors Biology Group, Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Nerea Vega-García,
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Insight into the Molecular Basis Underlying Chromothripsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063318. [PMID: 35328739 PMCID: PMC8948871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromoanagenesis constitutes a group of events that arise from single cellular events during early development. This particular class of complex rearrangements is a newfound occurrence that may lead to chaotic and complex genomic realignments. By that, chromoanagenesis is thought to be a crucial factor regarding macroevolution of the genome, and consequently is affecting the karyotype revolution together with genomic plasticity. One of chromoanagenesis-type of events is chromothripsis. It is characterised by the breakage of the chromosomal structure and its reassembling in random order and orientation which results in the establishment of derivative forms of chromosomes. Molecular mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon are mostly related to chromosomal sequestration throughout the micronuclei formation process. Chromothripsis is linked both to congenital and cancer diseases, moreover, it might be detected in subjects characterised by a normal phenotype. Chromothripsis, as well as the other chromoanagenetic variations, may be confined to one or more chromosomes, which makes up a non-uniform variety of karyotypes among chromothriptic patients. The detection of chromothripsis is enabled via tools like microarray-based comparative genomic hybridisation, next generation sequencing or authorial protocols aimed for the recognition of structural variations.
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Paietta E, Roberts KG, Wang V, Gu Z, Buck GAN, Pei D, Cheng C, Levine RL, Abdel-Wahab O, Cheng Z, Wu G, Qu C, Shi L, Pounds S, Willman CL, Harvey R, Racevskis J, Barinka J, Zhang Y, Dewald GW, Ketterling RP, Alejos D, Lazarus HM, Luger SM, Foroni L, Patel B, Fielding AK, Melnick A, Marks DI, Moorman AV, Wiernik PH, Rowe JM, Tallman MS, Goldstone AH, Mullighan CG, Litzow MR. Molecular classification improves risk assessment in adult BCR-ABL1-negative B-ALL. Blood 2021; 138:948-958. [PMID: 33895809 PMCID: PMC9069478 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic classification has improved risk assignment of pediatric, but not adult B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The international UKALLXII/ECOG-ACRIN E2993 (#NCT00002514) trial accrued 1229 adolescent/adult patients with BCR-ABL1- B-ALL (aged 14 to 65 years). Although 93% of patients achieved remission, 41% relapsed at a median of 13 months (range, 28 days to 12 years). Five-year overall survival (OS) was 42% (95% confidence interval, 39, 44). Transcriptome sequencing, gene expression profiling, cytogenetics, and fusion polymerase chain reaction enabled genomic subtyping of 282 patient samples, of which 264 were eligible for trial, accounting for 64.5% of E2993 patients. Among patients with outcome data, 29.5% with favorable outcomes (5-year OS 65% to 80%) were deemed standard risk (DUX4-rearranged [9.2%], ETV6-RUNX1/-like [2.3%], TCF3-PBX1 [6.9%], PAX5 P80R [4.1%], high-hyperdiploid [6.9%]); 50.2% had high-risk genotypes with 5-year OS of 0% to 27% (Ph-like [21.2%], KMT2A-AFF1 [12%], low-hypodiploid/near-haploid [14.3%], BCL2/MYC-rearranged [2.8%]); 20.3% had intermediate-risk genotypes with 5-year OS of 33% to 45% (PAX5alt [12.4%], ZNF384/-like [5.1%], MEF2D-rearranged [2.8%]). IKZF1 alterations occurred in 86% of Ph-like, and TP53 mutations in patients who were low-hypodiploid (54%) and BCL2/MYC-rearranged (33%) but were not independently associated with outcome. Of patients considered high risk based on presenting age and white blood cell count, 40% harbored subtype-defining genetic alterations associated with standard- or intermediate-risk outcomes. We identified distinct immunophenotypic features for DUX4-rearranged, PAX5 P80R, ZNF384-R/-like, and Ph-like genotypes. These data in a large adult B-ALL cohort treated with a non-risk-adapted approach on a single trial show the prognostic importance of genomic analyses, which may translate into future therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathryn G Roberts
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Victoria Wang
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Zhaohui Gu
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Georgina A N Buck
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuttfield Department of Population Health, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Deqing Pei
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Ross L Levine
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program-Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Omar Abdel-Wahab
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program-Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Zhongshan Cheng
- Centre for Applied Bioinformatics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Gang Wu
- Centre for Applied Bioinformatics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Chunxu Qu
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Stanley Pounds
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Cheryl L Willman
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Richard Harvey
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Janis Racevskis
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Jan Barinka
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Yanming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Gordon W Dewald
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Rhett P Ketterling
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - David Alejos
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Hillard M Lazarus
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Selina M Luger
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Letizia Foroni
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bela Patel
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ari Melnick
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - David I Marks
- Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony V Moorman
- Leukaemia Research Cytogenetics Group, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jacob M Rowe
- Department of Hematology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Martin S Tallman
- Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Mark R Litzow
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Rs4846049 Polymorphism at the 3'-UTR of MTHFR Gene: Association with Susceptibility to Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:4631091. [PMID: 31737664 PMCID: PMC6815600 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4631091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence has suggested the polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) were associated with susceptibility to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the known conclusions of currently known polymorphic loci (677 C > T and 1298 A > C) remain controversial. This study was to investigate new genetic biomarkers for ALL by analyzing the MTHFR polymorphisms at the 3′-untranslated region, which is a location bound by miRNAs. Methods Polymorphisms of rs4846049 (miR-555 binding) were assessed by PCR amplification and direct sequencing in 110 ALL patients and 105 healthy controls. The relative expression of MTHFR was detected by qRT-PCR. Results Overall, genotype distribution or allele carrier frequencies were not significantly different between patients with ALL and healthy controls (P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis results showed that T allele (OR = 0.134, 95% CI = 0.028–0.639; P=0.005) or genotypes with T allele (TT + GT) (OR = 0.133, 95% CI: 0.024–0.727; P=0.017) may be a protective factor for ALL susceptibility in patients with age >8 years. This conclusion was also true for the group only focusing on the precursor B-cell ALL patients. Furthermore, karyotype abnormality was more commonly observed in patients with the GG genotype (56.0%) compared to carriers of TT (0%) or GT (40.6%) genotypes, while c-myc break frequency was significantly higher in TT carriers (33%) than that of patients with GT (3.1%) or GG (0%) genotypes. PCR analysis showed patients carrying the GG genotype of rs4846049 exhibited the reduced mRNA expression of MTHFR. Conclusion MTHFR rs4846049 polymorphism may be associated with increased risk of childhood with ALL and MTHFR mRNA expression.
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Notch/CXCR4 Partnership in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Progression. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:5601396. [PMID: 31346528 PMCID: PMC6620846 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5601396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer among children. Recent advances in chemotherapy have made ALL a curable hematological malignancy. In children, there is 25% chance of disease relapse, typically in the central nervous system. While in adults, there is a higher chance of relapse. ALL may affect B-cell or T-cell lineages. Different genetic alterations characterize the two ALL forms. Deregulated Notch, either Notch1 or Notch3, and CXCR4 receptor signaling are involved in ALL disease development and progression. By analyzing their relevant roles in the pathogenesis of the two ALL forms, new molecular mechanisms able to modulate cancer cell invasion may be visualized. Notably, the partnership between Notch and CXCR4 may have considerable implications in understanding the complexity of T- and B-ALL. These two receptor pathways intersect other critical signals in the proliferative, differentiation, and metabolic programs of lymphocyte transformation. Also, the identification of the crosstalks in leukemia-stroma interaction within the tumor microenvironment may unveil new targetable mechanisms in disease relapse. Further studies are required to identify new challenges and opportunities to develop more selective and safer therapeutic strategies in ALL progression, possibly contributing to improve conventional hematological cancer therapy.
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Silva Junior WFD, Rosa LID, Belesso M, Lage LAPC, Rocha V, Pereira J. Treatment outcomes of adult Burkitt lymphoma: results with a modified LMB protocol in Brazil and feasibility of outpatient administration. J Chemother 2019; 30:375-379. [DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2018.1535771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lidiane Inês da Rosa
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Cancer of São Paulo (ICESP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Belesso
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Cancer of São Paulo (ICESP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Alberto P. C. Lage
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Cancer of São Paulo (ICESP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanderson Rocha
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Cancer of São Paulo (ICESP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pereira
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Cancer of São Paulo (ICESP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Advances in B-cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Genomics. Hemasphere 2018; 2:e53. [PMID: 31723781 PMCID: PMC6746003 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL), cytogenetic abnormalities remain important diagnostic and prognostic tools. A number of well-established abnormalities are routinely used in risk stratification for treatment. These include high hyperdiploidy and ETV6-RUNX1 fusion, classified as good risk, while Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) positive ALL and rearrangements of the KMT2A (MLL) gene define poor risk. A poor risk subgroup of intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21-ALL) has been described, in which intensification of therapy has greatly improved outcome. Until recently, no consistent molecular features were defined in around 30% of BCP-ALL (known as B-other-ALL). Recent studies are classifying them into distinct subgroups, some with clear potential for novel therapeutic approaches. For example, in 1 poor risk subtype, known as Ph-like/BCR-ABL1-like ALL, approximately 10% have rearrangements of ABL-class tyrosine kinases: including ABL1, ABL2, PDGFRB, PDGFRA, and CSF1R. Notably, they show a poor response to standard chemotherapy, while they respond to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib. In other Ph-like-ALL patients, deregulation of the cytokine receptor, CRLF2, and JAK2 rearrangements lead to activation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, implicating a specific role for JAK inhibitors in their treatment. Other novel subgroups within B-other-ALL are defined by the IGH-DUX4 translocation, related to deletions of the ERG gene and a good outcome, while fusions involving ZNF384, MEF2D, and intragenic PAX5 amplification (PAX5AMP) are linked to a poor outcome. Continued genetic screening will eventually lead to complete genomic classification of BCP-ALL and define more molecular targets for less toxic therapies.
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Fernandes da Silva Junior W, Medina AB, Yamakawa PE, Buccheri V, Velloso ED, Rocha V. Treating Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Brazil—Increased Early Mortality Using a German Multicenter Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-based regimen. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2018; 18:e255-e259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Montaño A, Forero-Castro M, Marchena-Mendoza D, Benito R, Hernández-Rivas JM. New Challenges in Targeting Signaling Pathways in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by NGS Approaches: An Update. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10040110. [PMID: 29642462 PMCID: PMC5923365 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10040110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification and study of genetic alterations involved in various signaling pathways associated with the pathogenesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the application of recent next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the identification of these lesions not only broaden our understanding of the involvement of various genetic alterations in the pathogenesis of the disease but also identify new therapeutic targets for future clinical trials. The present review describes the main deletions, amplifications, sequence mutations, epigenetic lesions, and new structural DNA rearrangements detected by NGS in B-ALL and T-ALL and their clinical importance for therapeutic procedures. We reviewed the molecular basis of pathways including transcriptional regulation, lymphoid differentiation and development, TP53 and the cell cycle, RAS signaling, JAK/STAT, NOTCH, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, chromatin structure modifiers, and epigenetic regulators. The implementation of NGS strategies has enabled important mutated genes in each pathway, their associations with the genetic subtypes of ALL, and their outcomes, which will be described further. We also discuss classic and new cryptic DNA rearrangements in ALL identified by mRNA-seq strategies. Novel cooperative abnormalities in ALL could be key prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers for selecting the best frontline treatment and for developing therapies after the first relapse or refractory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Montaño
- IBSAL, IBMCC, Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Cancer Research Center, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Maribel Forero-Castro
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Grupo de investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (GICBUPTC), Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150001, Colombia.
| | - Darnel Marchena-Mendoza
- IBSAL, IBMCC, Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Cancer Research Center, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Grupo de investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (GICBUPTC), Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150001, Colombia.
| | - Rocío Benito
- IBSAL, IBMCC, Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Cancer Research Center, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
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Kim HJ, Kim H, Koh KN, Im HJ, Seo JJ, Seo EJ, Park CJ. A Case of Pediatric Precursor B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Associated with Translocations (14;18)(q32;q21) and (8;9)(q24;p13). CLINICAL PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.15264/cpho.2017.24.2.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-ji Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyery Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Nam Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Joon Im
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Jin Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eul-Ju Seo
- Genetic Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Jeoung Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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