1
|
Kai H, Haraoka N, Sugimoto Y. Evaluation methods using tear volume in a conjunctivitis mice model. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2024; 128:107520. [PMID: 38830514 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2024.107520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Allergic conjunctival disease is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the conjunctiva. To develop clinically useful drugs, it is necessary to develop quantitative evaluation methods that reflect the clinical symptoms in experimental animal models. Allergic conjunctivitis model mice were systemically sensitised with ovalbumin (OVA) administered intraperitoneally and locally sensitised with OVA eye drops between day 14-28. Next, conjunctivitis induced by ocular administration of OVA solution to sensitised mice was evaluated based on tear volume. Additionally, we evaluated increase in tear volume induced by direct ocular instillation of histamine, compound 48/80, and carrageenan. An increase in antigen-induced tear volume was observed in the mice model. Additionally, direct instillation of histamine, compound 48/80, and carrageenan increased tear volume. Furthermore, levocabastine inhibited the increase in tear volume in antigen-induced allergic conjunctivitis and histamine- and compound 48/80-induced conjunctivitis models. In contrast, betamethasone suppressed carrageenan-induced tear volume but not histamine- or compound 48/80-induced tear volume. Histamine may be involved in increased tear volume in allergic conjunctivitis. Betamethasone is not directly involved in the action of histamine and is thought to suppress increase in tear volume. Evaluation of tear volume in a conjunctivitis mice model is highly quantitative; therefore, it is possible to evaluate drug efficacy. This is considered a useful index compared with conventional methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Kai
- Department of Inflammatory Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Noriaki Haraoka
- Department of Inflammatory Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Yukio Sugimoto
- Department of Inflammatory Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bhujel B, Oh S, Hur W, Lee S, Chung HS, Lee H, Park JH, Kim JY. Effect of Exposure to Particulate Matter on the Ocular Surface in an Experimental Allergic Eye Disease Mouse Model. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:498. [PMID: 38790364 PMCID: PMC11118833 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In response to the escalating concern over the effect of environmental factors on ocular health, this study aimed to investigate the impact of air pollution-associated particulate matter (PM) on ocular allergy and inflammation. C57BL/6 mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) topically and aluminum hydroxide via intraperitoneal injection. Two weeks later, the mice were challenged with OVA and exposed to PM. Three groups-naive, OVA, and OVA-sensitized with PM exposure (OVA + PM) groups-were induced to an Allergic Eye disease (AED) model. Parameters including clinical signs, histological changes, inflammatory cell infiltration, serum OVA-specific immunoglobulins E (IgE) levels, mast cells degranulation, cellular apoptosis and T-cell cytokines were studied. The results demonstrate that exposure with PM significantly exacerbates ocular allergy, evidenced by increased eye-lid edema, mast cell degranulation, inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and TNF-α), cell proliferation (Ki67), and serum IgE, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), and apoptosis and reduced goblet cells. These findings elucidate the detrimental impact of PM exposure on exacerbating the severity of AED. Noticeably, diminished goblet cells highlight disruptions in ocular surface integrity, while increased PMN infiltration with an elevated production of IgE signifies a systemic allergic response with inflammation. In conclusion, this study not only scientifically substantiates the association between air pollution, specifically PM, and ocular health, but also underscores the urgency for further exploration and targeted interventions to mitigate the detrimental effects of environmental pollutants on ocular surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Bhujel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
- Department of Medical Science, University of Ulsan Graduate School, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seheon Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
- Department of Medical Science, University of Ulsan Graduate School, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojune Hur
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
- Department of Medical Science, University of Ulsan Graduate School, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seorin Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
- Department of Medical Science, University of Ulsan Graduate School, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Seok Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Hun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
| | | | - Jae Yong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.O.); (W.H.); (S.L.); (H.S.C.); (H.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ogura N, Fujisawa K, Kato M. Epinastine Cream: A Novel Once-Daily Therapeutic Agent for Allergic Conjunctivitis. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2024; 40:173-180. [PMID: 38150534 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2023.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the in vivo efficacy of epinastine cream in type I allergic models. Methods: The dose, timing, and antiallergic effect of epinastine cream on the conjunctiva were evaluated postapplication to the eyelid skin of guinea pigs with histamine- or ovalbumin-induced allergic conjunctivitis. Additionally, we assessed its antiallergic effects on the skin postapplication to the dorsal skin of guinea pigs with ovalbumin-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Efficacy was estimated by determining the amount of dye that leaked from conjunctival or dorsal skin tissue vessels as a measure of vascular permeability, scoring the severity of allergic symptoms, and observing the scratching behaviors using clinical parameters. Results: In the histamine-induced conjunctivitis model, epinastine cream strongly inhibited conjunctival vascular permeability in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of 0.5% epinastine cream 24 h postapplication was significantly higher than that of 0.1% epinastine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution 8 h postadministration. Additionally, the 0.5% epinastine cream inhibited conjunctival vascular permeability 15 min postapplication, and the effect was sustained over 24 h. Furthermore, the 0.5% epinastine cream effectively suppressed clinical symptom scores and exhibited ameliorated scratching bouts in conjunctival allergic reactions in the experimental allergic conjunctivitis model. Additionally, it significantly inhibited vascular permeability in skin allergic reactions in the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis model. Conclusions: The results suggest that epinastine cream is a strong, long-lasting, and skin-penetrating inhibitor of type I allergic reactions. The 0.5% epinastine cream applied once daily could be a promising, potent, and long-acting therapeutic agent for allergic conjunctivitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ogura
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Department, Nara Research and Development Center, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nara, Japan
| | - Koushi Fujisawa
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Department, Nara Research and Development Center, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nara, Japan
| | - Masatomo Kato
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Department, Nara Research and Development Center, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Račić A, Krajišnik D. Biopolymers in Mucoadhesive Eye Drops for Treatment of Dry Eye and Allergic Conditions: Application and Perspectives. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020470. [PMID: 36839790 PMCID: PMC9962975 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye syndrome and allergic conjunctivitis are the most common inflammatory disorders of the eye surface. Although eye drops are the most usual prescribed dosage form, they are characterized by low ocular availability due to numerous barrier mechanisms of the eye. The use of biopolymers in liquid ophthalmic preparations has numerous advantages, such as increasing the viscosity of the tear film, exhibiting bioadhesive properties, and resisting the drainage system, leading to prolonged retention of the preparation at the site of application, and improvement of the therapeutic effect. Some mucoadhesive polymers are multifunctional excipients, so they act by different mechanisms on increasing the permeability of the cornea. Additionally, many hydrophilic biopolymers can also represent the active substances in artificial tear preparations, due to their lubrication and moisturizing effect. With the modification of conventional ophthalmic preparations, there is a need for development of new methods for their characterization. Numerous methods for the assessment of mucoadhesiveness have been suggested by the literature. This review gives an overview related to the development of mucoadhesive liquid ophthalmic formulations for the treatment of dry eye and allergic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anđelka Račić
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Banja Luka-Faculty of Medicine, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Danina Krajišnik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-11-395-1359
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang S, Liu L, Blanco T, Ge H, Xia Y, Pang K, Chen Y, Dana R. Therapeutic efficacy of topical blockade of substance P in experimental allergic red eye. Ocul Surf 2022; 26:184-190. [PMID: 36067981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common cause leading to ocular redness (OR). Herein, using an animal model of allergic OR, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of topical blockade of substance P (SP) in treating red eye. METHODS Allergic OR was induced in guinea pigs with topical histamine. Ocular SP was blocked using a specific SP receptor (neurokinin-1 receptor, NK1R) antagonist, L-703,606, via topical application 10 min before or 10 min after histamine instillation. Animal eyes were examined and a series of images were taken for up to 60 min post-OR induction. The severity of redness was analyzed using the quantitative ocular redness index (ORI). At the end of clinical examination, conjunctival tissues were collected for histological examination of conjunctival blood vessels and infiltrating eosinophils and neutrophils. In addition, SP concentration was quantified in the tear fluid and expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were assessed in the conjunctival tissues. RESULTS Topical histamine application successfully induced red eye, evidenced by the significantly increased ORI during the observation period, with peak values at 10 min, along with significantly increased levels of SP in the tears. Topical treatment with L-703,606, either before histamine application or at the time of peak ORI, effectively reduced ORI and suppressed conjunctival blood vessel dilation, along with decreased eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration, and inflammatory cytokine expression in the conjunctiva, as well as reduced SP levels in the tears. CONCLUSIONS Topical blockade of SP effectively prevents and treats allergy-related ocular redness by suppressing blood vessel dilation and allergic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shudan Wang
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Lingjia Liu
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Tomas Blanco
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hongyan Ge
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yutong Xia
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Kunpeng Pang
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yihe Chen
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Reza Dana
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
A mouse model of allergic conjunctivitis permitting tear eosinophil quantification. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2022; 118:107225. [PMID: 36130665 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2022.107225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Allergic conjunctivitis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the conjunctiva that is induced by antigens. Allergic conjunctivitis can cause various symptoms such as ocular itching, hyperemia and edema. Developing experimental animal models that show clinical symptoms and methods for quantitative and objective evaluation is important for understanding allergic conjunctivitis. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse model of allergic conjunctivitis and a useful method for evaluating symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. METHODS ICR mice were sensitized by an intraperitoneal injection of OVA in PBS containing alum on days 0 and 5. Subsequently, local sensitization was then performed once daily from days 14 to 28, by instilling OVA in PBS into the both eyes. Drug treatment was administered once daily from days 14 to 28. Mice were randomly assigned topical treatment groups: Group 1, 0.1% betamethasone; Group 2, 0.025% levocabastine; Group 3 PBS (control). RESULTS Mice showed marked eye scratching behavior, hyperemia, edema, infiltration of eosinophils into tears and increased antigen-specific immunoglobulin E antibody levels in tears and the serum. These symptoms were inhibited by instillation of levocabastine and betamethasone, which are used clinically for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. DISCUSSION This method may be useful for evaluation of the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis in experimental and clinical settings. In particular, the developed method, which measures the number of eosinophils in tears collected with phenol red threads, may enable the quantitative, objective, and noninvasive evaluation of the severity of allergic conjunctivitis.
Collapse
|
7
|
Singh RB, Liu L, Yung A, Anchouche S, Mittal SK, Blanco T, Dohlman TH, Yin J, Dana R. Ocular redness - II: Progress in development of therapeutics for the management of conjunctival hyperemia. Ocul Surf 2021; 21:66-77. [PMID: 34000363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Conjunctival hyperemia is one of the most common causes for visits to primary care physicians, optometrists, ophthalmologists, and emergency rooms. Despite its high incidence, the treatment options for patients with conjunctival hyperemia are restricted to over-the-counter drugs that provide symptomatic relief due to short duration of action, tachyphylaxis and rebound redness. As our understanding of the immunopathological pathways causing conjunctival hyperemia expands, newer therapeutic targets are being discovered. These insights have also contributed to the development of animal models for mimicking the pathogenic changes in microvasculature causing hyperemia. Furthermore, this progress has catalyzed the development of novel therapeutics that provide efficacious, long-term relief from conjunctival hyperemia with minimal adverse effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Bir Singh
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lingjia Liu
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ann Yung
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sonia Anchouche
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sharad K Mittal
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomas Blanco
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas H Dohlman
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jia Yin
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reza Dana
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tang YJ, Chang HH, Chiang CY, Lai CY, Hsu MY, Wang KR, Han HH, Chen LY, Lin DPC. A Murine Model of Acute Allergic Conjunctivitis Induced by Continuous Exposure to Particulate Matter 2.5. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:2118-2126. [PMID: 31099828 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-26214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Several pieces of epidemiologic evidence have indicated PM2.5 (particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less) as a causing factor of allergic conjunctivitis, but without experimental elucidation of mechanism. In the present study, PM2.5 in solution was directly applied to the mouse ocular surface to elucidate whether PM2.5 might cause allergic conjunctivitis, and its underlying mechanisms were analyzed. Methods ICR mice were challenged for 18 consecutive days with eye drops containing PM2.5 at 3.2, 6.4, and 12.8 mg/mL in 0.9% NaCl saline, along with the controls prepared in parallel without PM2.5 and another control group treated with both PM2.5 at 12.8 mg/mL and artificial tears. On day 19, the whole eyes and meibomian glands were harvested for histopathological analyses and assessment of clinical scoring, tear volume, tear breakup time, and tear ferning. Furthermore, goblet cells by periodic acid Schiff stain and infiltrated eosinophils by Giemsa stain were quantified and compared among study groups. Results Clinical scoring showed more eyelid edema, tearing, and scratching behaviors, with longer tear breakup time under the influence of increased PM2.5 concentrations. Tear ferning assay showed less tear crystal formation and decreased crystal branches after exposure to PM2.5. In addition, higher goblet cell density in the upper palpebral conjunctiva and extensive eosinophil infiltration in the entire conjunctiva and in the meibomian glands were induced by PM2.5. Conclusions These results demonstrate that PM2.5 can induce symptoms similar to clinical allergic conjunctivitis and that the murine acute allergic conjunctivitis model can be induced by direct exposure to PM2.5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jun Tang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Han-Hsin Chang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Chiang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chane-Yu Lai
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yen Hsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - King-Rong Wang
- Department of Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsuan Han
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yun Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - David Pei-Cheng Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hirakata T, Lee HC, Ohba M, Saeki K, Okuno T, Murakami A, Matsuda A, Yokomizo T. Dietary ω-3 fatty acids alter the lipid mediator profile and alleviate allergic conjunctivitis without modulating T h2 immune responses. FASEB J 2018; 33:3392-3403. [PMID: 30383446 PMCID: PMC6404575 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801805r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is one of the most common ocular surface diseases in the world. In AC, T helper type 2 (Th2) immune responses play central roles in orchestrating inflammatory responses. However, the roles of lipid mediators in the onset and progression of AC remain to be fully explored. Although previous reports have shown the beneficial effects of supplementation of ω-3 fatty acids in asthma or atopic dermatitis, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, a diet rich in ω-3 fatty acids alleviated AC symptoms in both early and late phases without affecting Th2 immune responses, but rather by altering the lipid mediator profiles. The ω-3 fatty acids completely suppressed scratching behavior toward the eyes, an allergic reaction provoked by itch. Although total serum IgE levels and the expression levels of Th2 cytokines and chemokines in the conjunctiva were not altered by ω-3 fatty acids, eosinophil infiltration into the conjunctiva was dramatically suppressed. The levels of ω-6–derived proinflammatory lipid mediators, including those with chemoattractant properties for eosinophils, were markedly reduced in the conjunctivae of ω-3 diet–fed mice. Dietary ω-3 fatty acids can alleviate a variety of symptoms of AC by altering the lipid mediator profile.—Hirakata, T., Lee, H.-C., Ohba, M., Saeki, K., Okuno, T., Murakami, A., Matsuda, A., Yokomizo, T. Dietary ω-3 fatty acids alter the lipid mediator profile and alleviate allergic conjunctivitis without modulating Th2 immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Hirakata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hyeon-Cheol Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Ohba
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuko Saeki
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Okuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Murakami
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Matsuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|