1
|
Sen S, Lagas S, Roy A, Kumar H. Cytoskeleton saga: Its regulation in normal physiology and modulation in neurodegenerative disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 925:175001. [PMID: 35525310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cells are fundamental units of life. To ensure the maintenance of homeostasis, integrity of structural and functional counterparts is needed to be essentially balanced. The cytoskeleton plays a vital role in regulating the cellular morphology, signalling and other factors involved in pathological conditions. Microtubules, actin (microfilaments), intermediate filaments (IF) and their interactions are required for these activities. Various proteins associated with these components are primary requirements for directing their functions. Disruption of this organization due to faulty genetics, oxidative stress or impaired transport mechanisms are the major causes of dysregulated signalling cascades leading to various pathological conditions like Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) or any traumatic injury like spinal cord injury (SCI). Novel or conventional therapeutic approaches may be specific or non-specific, targeting either three basic components of the cytoskeleton or various cascades that serve as a cue to numerous pathways like ROCK signalling or the GSK-3β pathway. An enormous number of drugs have been redirected for modulating the cytoskeletal dynamics and thereby may pave the way for inhibiting the progression of these diseases and their complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santimoy Sen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Sheetal Lagas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhishek Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Hemant Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luo M, Wang Z, Wu J, Xie X, You W, Yu Z, Shen H, Li X, Li H, Liu Y, Wang Z, Chen G. Effects of PAK1/LIMK1/Cofilin-mediated Actin Homeostasis on Axonal Injury after Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neuroscience 2022; 490:155-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
3
|
Zhai A, Zhang Z, Kong X. Paeoniflorin Alleviates H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Injury Through Down-Regulation of MicroRNA-135a in HT-22 Cells. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:2821-2831. [PMID: 31728857 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02904-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF) has been reported to possess neuroprotective influences on cognitive dysfunction illness. In current research, we attempted to probe into the protective influences of PF against H2O2-induced damage and the underlying regulating mechanisms on hippocampal HT-22 cells. HT-22 cells were pretreated with PF, and then induced by H2O2. Afterwards, the influences of PF pretreatment were examined using CCK-8 assay, apoptosis assay, western blot and ROS assay, respectively. In addition, the expression of microRNA-135a (miR-135a) was analyzed and altered by qRT-PCR and cell transfection, respectively. After overexpression of miR-135a, the effects of miR-135a mimic on cell functions were detected again. Moreover, influences of H2O2, PF and miR-135a overexpression on JAK2/STAT3 and ERK1/2 signal pathways were further investigated. Further experiments verified that PF pretreatment alleviated H2O2-induced oxidative stress through increasing cell viability, inhibiting cell apoptosis, reducing ROS generation and activating JAK2/STAT3 and ERK1/2 pathways. Besides, expression of miR-135a was declined by PF pretreatment. Whereas, miR-135a mimic abrogated the protective effects triggered by PF pretreatment. These results indicated that PF can alleviate H2O2-induced oxidative stress by down-regulation of miR-135a via activation of JAK2/STAT3 and ERK1/2 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Zhai
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Psychiatric Hospital, No. 1 Jidai Road, Jining, 272051, Shandong, China.
| | - Zeng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Psychiatric Hospital, No. 1 Jidai Road, Jining, 272051, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangjuan Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Psychiatric Hospital, No. 1 Jidai Road, Jining, 272051, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma J, Williams J, Eastwood D, Lin S, Qian X, Fang Q, Cope D, Yuan Z, Cao L, An J. High-dose Propofol Anesthesia Reduces the Occurrence of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction via Maintaining Cytoskeleton. Neuroscience 2019; 421:136-143. [PMID: 31682819 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common postoperative complication observed in patients following. Here we tested the molecular mechanisms of memory loss in hippocampus of rat POCD model. We found that high-dose propofol anesthesia significantly alleviated spatial memory loss. The proteomes and transcriptomes in hippocampus showed that hippocampal cytoskeleton related pathways were abnormal in low group while not in high group. The protein assays confirmed that hippocampal actin cytoskeleton was depolymerized in low group while maintained in high group. This study confirms that high-dose propofol anesthesia could mitigate the development of POCD and provides evidences for actin cytoskeleton associated with this syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine & CCM, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, College of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - John Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Derek Eastwood
- Murrayfield Hospital Wirral, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, UK
| | - Siyu Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine & CCM, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine & CCM, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiwu Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine & CCM, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Doris Cope
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zengqiang Yuan
- Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Cao
- Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, College of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianxiong An
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine & CCM, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen T, Guo Y, Shan J, Zhang J, Shen X, Guo J, Liu XM. Vector Analysis of Cytoskeletal Structural Tension and the Mechanisms that Underpin Spectrin-Related Forces in Pyroptosis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1503-1520. [PMID: 29669427 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Pyroptotic cells are characterized by plasma swelling, membrane blebbing, and disintegration of the cell membrane mediated by spectrin-based membrane skeleton and intercellular competitive tension activities. The spectrin-based membrane skeleton is involved in membrane organization through the regulation of intercellular tension. Using genetically encoded tension sensors to attain noninvasive force measurements in structural proteins, we investigated how cytoskeletal structural tension influences changes in plasma morphology during pyroptosis and the regulatory mechanism of cytoskeletal structural tension that underpins pyroptosis. Results: The results indicate that increasing spectrin tension is caused by osmotic swelling. Hightened tension of spectrin was closely associated with the shrink tension transmitted synergistically by microfilaments (MFs) and microtubules (MTs). However, the increment of spectrin tension in pyroptotic cells was controlled antagonistically by MF and MT forces. Different from MF tension, outward MT forces participated in the formation of membrane blebs. Spectrin tension caused by inward MF forces resisted pyroptosis swelling. Stabilization of MF and MT structure had little influence on intracellular tension and pyroptosis deformation. Pyroptosis-induced cytoskeletal structural tension was highly dependent on calcium signaling and reactive oxygen species generation. Blocking of membrane pores, nonselective ion flux, or elimination of caspase-1 cleavage resulted in the remission of structural forces associated with pyroptosis failure. Innovation and Conclusions: The data suggest that subcellular tension, in terms of magnitude and vector, is integral to pyroptosis through the mediation of swelling and blebbing and the elimination of structural tension, especially MT forces, may result in pyroptosis inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yichen Guo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Shen
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Margaret Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang J, Wang Y, Zheng Z, Sun X, Chen T, Li C, Zhang X, Guo J. Intracellular ion and protein nanoparticle-induced osmotic pressure modify astrocyte swelling and brain edema in response to glutamate stimuli. Redox Biol 2019; 21:101112. [PMID: 30685709 PMCID: PMC6351271 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular tension activity plays a crucial role in cytotoxic brain edema and astrocyte swelling. Here, a few genetically encoded FRET-based tension probes were designed to detect cytoskeletal structural tension optically, including their magnitude and vectors. The astrocyte swelling resulted in GFAP tension increment, which is associated with the antagonistic effect of inward microfilaments (MFs) and microtubules (MTs) forces. In glutamate-induced astrocyte swelling, GFAP tension rise resulted from outward ion and protein nanoparticle-induced osmotic pressure (PN-OP) increases, where PN-OP could be elicited by MF and MT depolymerization, protein nanoparticle production, and activation of cofilin and stathmin-1. Attenuation of both ion osmotic pressure and PN-OP by drug combinations, together with free-radical scavenger, relieved cerebral edema in vivo. The study suggests that intracellular osmotic pressure (especially PN-OP) has a pivotal role in glutamate-induced astrocyte swelling and brain edema. Recovery of cytoplasmic potential is a promising target to develop new drugs and cure brain edema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JiaRui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - YuXuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - ZiHui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - XiaoHe Sun
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - TingTing Chen
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Chen Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - XiaoLong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Roda E, Bottone MG, Insolia V, Barni S, Bernocchi G. Changes in the cerebellar cytoarchitecture of hibernating hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus L. (Mammalia): an immunocytochemical approach. EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2017.1380722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Roda
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology and Poison Control Centre and National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, ICS Maugeri Spa Benefit Corporation, IRCCS of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - M. G. Bottone
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - V. Insolia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - S. Barni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G. Bernocchi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Physiological and pathophysiological functions of Swiprosin-1/EFhd2 in the nervous system. Biochem J 2017; 473:2429-37. [PMID: 27515255 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic dysfunction and dysregulation of Ca(2+) are linked to neurodegenerative processes and behavioural disorders. Our understanding of the causes and factors involved in behavioural disorders and neurodegeneration, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD), a tau-related disease, is on the one hand limited and on the other hand controversial. Here, we review recent data about the links between the Ca(2+)-binding EF-hand-containing cytoskeletal protein Swiprosin-1/EFhd2 and neurodegeneration. Specifically, we summarize the functional biochemical data obtained in vitro with the use of recombinant EFhd2 protein, and integrated them with in vivo data in order to interpret the emerging role of EFhd2 in synaptic plasticity and in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly involving the tauopathies. We also discuss its functions in actin remodelling through cofilin and small GTPases, thereby linking EFhd2, synapses and the actin cytoskeleton. Expression data and functional experiments in mice and in humans have led to the hypothesis that down-regulation of EFhd2, especially in the cortex, is involved in dementia.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Y, Liu Q, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Lv Y, Tan Y, Jiang N, Cao G, Ma X, Wang J, Cao Z, Yu B, Kou J. Ginsenoside Rg1 Protects against Oxidative Stress-induced Neuronal Apoptosis through Myosin IIA-actin Related Cytoskeletal Reorganization. Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:1341-1356. [PMID: 27877086 PMCID: PMC5118780 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.15992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced cytoskeletal dysfunction of neurons has been implicated as a crucial cause of cell apoptosis or death in the central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. The application of neuroprotectants rescuing the neurons from cytoskeletal damage and apoptosis can be a potential treatment for these CNS diseases. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), one of the major active components of ginseng, has been reported possessing notable neuroprotective activities. However, there is rare report about its effect on cytoskeleton and its undergoing mechanism. The current study is to reveal the regulatory effects of Rg1 on cytoskeletal and morphological lesion in oxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis. The results demonstrated that pre-treatment with Rg1 (0.1-10 μM) attenuated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress through reducing the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) level. The Rg1 treatment also abolished H2O2-induced morphological changes, including cell rounding, membrane blebbing, neurite retraction and nuclei condensation, which were generated by myosin IIA-actin interaction. These effects were mediated via the down-regulation of caspase-3, ROCK1 (Rho-associated kinase1) activation and myosin light chain (MLC, Ser-19) phosphorylation. Furthermore, inhibiting myosin II activity with blebbistatin partly blocked the neuroprotective effects of Rg1. The computer-aided homology modelling revealed that Rg1 preferentially positioned in the actin binding cleft of myosin IIA and might block the binding of myosin IIA to actin filaments. Accordingly, the neuroprotective mechanism of Rg1 is related to the activity that inhibits myosin IIA-actin interaction and the caspase-3/ROCK1/MLC signaling pathway. These findings put some insights into the unique neuroprotective properties of Rg1 associated with the regulation of myosin IIA-actin cytoskeletal structure under oxidative stress and provide experimental evidence for Rg1 in CNS diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China.; School of Dentistry, Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, UK
| | - Yingqiong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yanni Lv
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yisha Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Guosheng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Center, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jingrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Boyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Junping Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Proteomic analysis reveals that the protective effects of ginsenoside Rb1 are associated with the actin cytoskeleton in β-amyloid-treated neuronal cells. J Ginseng Res 2015; 40:278-84. [PMID: 27616904 PMCID: PMC5005364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) is the most abundant compound in the root of Panax ginseng. Recent studies have shown that Rb1 has a neuroprotective effect. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect are still unknown. METHODS We used stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture, combined with quantitative mass spectrometry, to explore a potential protective mechanism of Rb1 in β-amyloid-treated neuronal cells. RESULTS A total of 1,231 proteins were commonly identified from three replicate experiments. Among these, 40 proteins were significantly changed in response to Rb1 pretreatment in β-amyloid-treated neuronal cells. Analysis of the functional enrichments and protein interactions of altered proteins revealed that actin cytoskeleton proteins might be linked to the regulatory mechanisms of Rb1. The CAP1, CAPZB, TOMM40, and DSTN proteins showed potential as molecular target proteins for the functional contribution of Rb1 in Alzheimer's disease (AD). CONCLUSION Our proteomic data may provide new insights into the protective mechanisms of Rb1 in AD.
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang C, Zhang X, Guo Y, Meng F, Sachs F, Guo J. Mechanical dynamics in live cells and fluorescence-based force/tension sensors. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:1889-904. [PMID: 25958335 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Three signaling systems play the fundamental roles in modulating cell activities: chemical, electrical, and mechanical. While the former two are well studied, the mechanical signaling system is still elusive because of the lack of methods to measure structural forces in real time at cellular and subcellular levels. Indeed, almost all biological processes are responsive to modulation by mechanical forces that trigger dispersive downstream electrical and biochemical pathways. Communication among the three systems is essential to make cells and tissues receptive to environmental changes. Cells have evolved many sophisticated mechanisms for the generation, perception and transduction of mechanical forces, including motor proteins and mechanosensors. In this review, we introduce some background information about mechanical dynamics in live cells, including the ubiquitous mechanical activity, various types of mechanical stimuli exerted on cells and the different mechanosensors. We also summarize recent results obtained using genetically encoded FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer)-based force/tension sensors; a new technique used to measure mechanical forces in structural proteins. The sensors have been incorporated into many specific structural proteins and have measured the force gradients in real time within live cells, tissues, and animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Yichen Guo
- The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35401, USA
| | - Fanjie Meng
- Physiology and Biophysics Department, Center for Single Molecule Studies, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Frederick Sachs
- Physiology and Biophysics Department, Center for Single Molecule Studies, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|