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Krok D, Telka E, Moroń M. Personal Resources and Total Pain: Exploring the Multiple Mediation of Fear of Recurrence, Meaning-Making, and Coping in Posttreatment Cancer Patients. Ann Behav Med 2024:kaae029. [PMID: 38850553 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaae029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with cancer who have completed treatment still experience negative effects, such as an increased risk of experiencing cancer-related pain. Psychological factors tend to influence cancer patients' ability to cope with pain in various dimensions. Although personal resources are an important factor in buffering total pain, still little is known about the intervening variables and underlying mechanisms. PURPOSE The current study examined the relationship between psychological flexibility, self-esteem, and total pain, while considering fear of recurrence, meaning-making, and coping as potential mediating factors. METHODS Adults (N = 304) who completed medical treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and combined therapy) participated in this study. They completed questionnaires measuring the aforementioned variables. Structural equation models were used to examine mediation effects. RESULTS Psychological flexibility, and partly self-esteem, were negatively related to the dimensions of total pain. However, to a large extent, these relationships were serially and parallelly mediated by fear of recurrence, meaning-making, and emotion-oriented coping. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with the meaning-making model, cognitive (meaning-making), and affective (fear of recurrence and emotional coping) factors may be potential mechanisms underlying the association between psychological flexibility, self-esteem, and total pain in posttreatment cancer patients. In this study, they tended to interact in the area of physiological and psychosocial experiences of cancer-related pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Krok
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Ewa Telka
- The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Marcin Moroń
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Kinnie KR, Vance DE, Patrician PA, Billings R, Aroke EN. Chronic Pain Resilience Across Clinical Populations: A Concept Analysis. Pain Manag Nurs 2024:S1524-9042(24)00140-1. [PMID: 38849234 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain resilience is a concept that is frequently used in research but lacks theoretical clarity. Understanding chronic pain resilience is germane to developing interventions to improve it and the overall quality of life among individuals with chronic pain. AIMS To uncover and clarify the unique characteristics of the concept of chronic pain resilience. DESIGN A concept analysis using Rodgers' evolutionary method. METHODS Full-text articles published after 2000 in English were used to inform the concept analysis. Scopus, PubMed, PsychINFO, Embase, and CINAHL Plus with Full Text were utilized for literature searches. Rodgers' evolutionary approach was used to clarify the attributes, antecedents, and consequences. RESULTS The search yielded 31 articles that were used in the analysis. The key attributes of chronic pain resilience included engagement in meaningful activities despite pain, maintaining positive psychological homeostasis, buffering against negative mental outcomes, seeking support, and self-empowerment. After considering surrogate terms, antecedents, attributes, and consequences, chronic pain resilience may be defined as the development of the capacity to successfully adapt to chronic pain. This adaptation results in a move toward optimal social, physical, mental, and behavioral functioning by balancing negative and positive psychosocial factors, despite the additional challenges brought about by living with chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiari R Kinnie
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
| | - David E Vance
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Rebecca Billings
- UAB Libraries, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Edwin N Aroke
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Chen J, Mark S, Mackin L, Paul SM, Cooper BA, Hammer MJ, Conley YP, Levine JD, Miaskowski C. Increased Stress Is Associated With Severe Pain and Decrements in Cognitive Function in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy. Semin Oncol Nurs 2024; 40:151577. [PMID: 38245388 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2023.151577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Purposes were to identify subgroups of adult oncology patients (n = 1342) with distinct joint profiles of worst pain and cognitive function (CF) and evaluate for differences in demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as the severity of three distinct types of stress, resilience, and coping. DATA SOURCES Measures of pain and CF were evaluated six times over two cycles of chemotherapy. The other measures of demographic and clinical characteristics, stress, resilience, and coping were completed at enrollment (ie, prior to the second or third cycle of chemotherapy). RESULTS Using latent profile analysis, four distinct profiles were identified (ie, no pain + moderate CF [27.6%], moderate pain + high CF [22.4%] moderate pain and moderate CF [32.4%, both moderate], severe pain and low CF [17.5%, both severe]). Both moderate and both severe classes reported higher global, cancer-specific, and cumulative life stress, lower levels of resilience, and greater use of disengagement coping strategies. The Both severe class had higher occurrence rates for a number of adverse childhood experiences (ie, family violence in childhood, physical abuse at <16 years, forced sex at <16 years). Risk factors associated with membership in the two worst profiles included: being female, having a lower annual income, having a higher comorbidity burden, and having a poorer functional status. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that 72.4% of the patients reported pain scores in the moderate to severe range and 77.6% reported low to moderate levels of CF. Clinicians need to assess for both symptoms and various types of stress on a routine basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Chen
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Sueann Mark
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lynda Mackin
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Steven M Paul
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Bruce A Cooper
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | - Jon D Levine
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA; School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA.
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Xiang L, Wan H, Zhu Y, Wang S, Zheng M. Latent profiles of resilience and associations with quality of life in head and neck cancer patients undergoing proton and heavy ion therapy. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1270870. [PMID: 38298442 PMCID: PMC10828025 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1270870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psychological resilience is the most important psychological protection factor for cancer patients in the face of tumors and treatment. However, few studies have performed meaningful latent profile analyses of resilience to identify unobserved subgroups of head and neck cancer patients. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of resilience in head and neck cancer patients using latent profile analysis (LPA) to determine the sociodemographic and disease characteristics of each profile. In particular, we examined the association of different resilience profiles with the quality of life of head and neck cancer patients. Methods A total of 254 head and neck cancer patients completed a demographic questionnaire, the Resilience Scale Specific to Cancer and the EOTRC QLQ-C3O, used to assess their resilience and quality of life. Results LPA identified three distinct profiles based on varying levels of resilience: "low resilience" group (n = 45; 17.72%), "moderate resilience" group (n = 113; 44.49%), and "high resilience" group (n = 96; 37.80%). Gender (χ2 = 6.20; p < 0.01), education level (χ2 = 1,812.59; p < 0.01), treatment regimen (χ2 = 6.32; p < 0.01), tumor stage (χ2 = 3.92; p ≤ 0.05), and initial recurrence (χ2 = 5.13; p < 0.05) were important predictors. High resilience was significantly related to higher quality of life (χ2 = 15.694; p < 0.001). Conclusions Head and neck cancer patients' psychological resilience can be categorized as three resilience profiles; those who are female and have a low education level tend to have lower psychological resilience. Low resilience in patients is linked to poor role function and social function, low quality of life, and more severe pain symptoms, highlighting the need to address resilience in patient care for improved wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Xiang
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Wan
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuman Wang
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Mimi Zheng
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
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Harmancı P, Yıldız E. Associations between Psychological Resilience and Social Support with Posttraumatic Growth in Breast Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 39:62-77. [PMID: 38351648 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2024.2316876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study examined the associations of psychological resilience, perceived social support, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in breast cancer (BC) patients (N = 203). The participants' mean age was 43.14 ± 9.06, 80.3% were married, 40.9% had a university degree, 61.6% were unemployed, and 72.4% reported a moderate economic status. No significant correlation was found between PTG and psychological resilience, while a moderate and positive correlation was observed between PTG and perceived social support. A weak and positive correlation was also detected between perceived social support and psychological resilience. Professionals working in the field of psycho-oncology and social work can make attempts to increase psychological resilience, perceived social support, and PTG in BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Harmancı
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Kahramanmaraş İstiklal University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Erman Yıldız
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Salati SA, Alsulaim L, Alharbi MH, Alharbi NH, Alsenaid TM, Alaodah SA, Alsuhaibani AS, Albaqami KA. Postmastectomy Pain Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e47384. [PMID: 38021812 PMCID: PMC10657609 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Postmastectomy pain syndrome is a very common disorder in breast cancer survivors. The impact on the quality of patients' lives is significantly adverse. The precise pathophysiology has not been determined as yet though various risk factors have been identified that make the patient vulnerable. Required preoperative work includes the identification and possible elimination of risk factors. Treatment is multidisciplinary involving surgical and non-surgical modalities. There is a great scope of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ahmad Salati
- General Surgery, Unaizah College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Lamees Alsulaim
- Surgery, Unaizah College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Mariyyah H Alharbi
- College of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Norah H Alharbi
- College of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Thana M Alsenaid
- College of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Shoug A Alaodah
- College of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Abdulsalam S Alsuhaibani
- College of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
| | - Khalid A Albaqami
- College of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU
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Liu S, Huang R, Li A, Yu S, Yao S, Xu J, Tang L, Li W, Gan C, Cheng H. The role of the oxytocin system in the resilience of patients with breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1187477. [PMID: 37781188 PMCID: PMC10534028 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1187477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a grave traumatic experience that can profoundly compromise patients' psychological resilience, impacting their overall quality of life. The oxytocin system represents one of the essential neurobiological bases of psychological resilience and plays a critical role in regulating resilience in response to social or traumatic events during adulthood. Oxytocin, through its direct interaction with peripheral or central oxytocin receptors, has been found to have a significant impact on regulating social behavior. However, the precise mechanism by which the activation of peripheral oxytocin receptors leads to improved social is still not completely comprehended and requires additional research. Its activation can modulate psychological resilience by influencing estrogen and its receptors, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, thyroid function, 5-hydroxytryptamine metabolism levels, and arginine pressure release in breast cancer patients. Various interventions, including psychotherapy and behavioral measures, have been employed to improve the psychological resilience of breast cancer patients. The potential effectiveness of such interventions may be underpinned by their ability to modulate oxytocin release levels. This review provides an overview of the oxytocin system and resilience in breast cancer patients and identifies possible future research directions and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochun Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Runze Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Anlong Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sheng Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Senbang Yao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lingxue Tang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chen Gan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huaidong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Medical School of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Arefian M, Asgari-Mobarake K, Fazilatpour M, Zanguri V, Akrami M. Proposing and evaluating a model of depression, stress, resilience and spirituality in relation to pain in women with breast cancer: Investigating the mediating role of mindfulness. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2023; 62:102268. [PMID: 36716529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2023.102268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain experience is one of the most common symptoms of women with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy. It may cause physical and psychological problems and interfere with the treatment process. AIMS This study aimed to examine the relationship between depression, stress, resilience and spirituality on the pain symptoms of breast cancer patients during chemotherapy and explore the potential mediating role of mindfulness in this association. METHOD Two hundred and forty women with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy from Shiraz University Hospital, were selected and evaluated by a purposive sampling method. The research instruments were Perceived Stress Scale, Beck Depression Questionnaire-2, Mindfulness, Resilience, Spirituality and Pain Questionnaires. The obtained data was analyzed by SPSS software and MPLUS using Spearman correlation coefficient and path analysis. RESULTS Based on the findings of direct path analysis, depression, stress, and spirituality showed a significant relationship with mindfulness, but resilience had no significant relationship with mindfulness (p < 0.01). Furthermore, depression, stress, resilience, and mindfulness showed a significant relationship with pain, while spirituality had no significant relationship with pain (p < 0.01). Finally, indirect path analysis revealed mindfulness is a significant mediator of stress and pain (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested a model can be useful in better understanding of the psychological components affecting pain in breast cancer patients, after and during their treatments. It also provided an effective framework to develop and investigate pain-focused and non-pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Arefian
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Karim Asgari-Mobarake
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Masoud Fazilatpour
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Zanguri
- Breast Diseases Research Center, Department of Surgical Oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Akrami
- Breast Diseases Research Center, Department of Surgical Oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Liesto S, Sipilä R, Hietanen M, Kalso E. Cognitive function is well preserved in a cohort of breast cancer survivors: Roles of cognitive reserve, resilience, and general health. Breast 2022; 65:157-163. [PMID: 35994867 PMCID: PMC9418976 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Many patients return to cognitively demanding work after breast cancer treatments. This makes treatment-related cognitive decline an important research topic. Psychological resilience, cognitive reserve and better perceived general health may work as protective factors against cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to analyse whether these factors are associated with cognitive function among such women. Data from 384 breast cancer survivors who underwent neuropsychological examination at follow-up 4–9 years after surgery were used. The neurocognitive domain variable Learning and Memory was computed from Wechsler Memory Scale-III subtests Learning and Delayed Recall. Another variable, Attention, Processing speed and Executive function, was computed from semantic and verbal fluency tests, Trail Making Test A and B, and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Test-IV subtest Coding. Psychological resilience was measured with Resilience Scale-14, and perceived general health with RAND-36 subitem General Health. Results showed that levels of cognitive performance and general health were statistically higher than population average. Resilience and general health in separate models were associated with Attention, Processing speed and Executive function (β = 0.14, p = 0.01; β = 0.13, p = 0.03, respectively). When added simultaneously in the same model, resilience was significant (β = 0.13, p = 0.04), but general health was not. These associations were nonsignificant after controlling for confounding factors. Learning and Memory was not associated with resilience or general health. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies identifying patients at a high risk of developing cognitive decline after breast cancer treatments and on preventive and therapeutic approaches. 401 women were neuropsychologically examined 4–9 years after breast cancer surgery. Their cognitive performance was on average well preserved. Psychological Resilience associated with better cognitive performance in one domain. The association between General Health and cognition was less prominent. High education level might protect against cognitive decline after breast cancer.
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Incidence, risk factors, prevention and treatment of postmastectomy pain syndrome in breast cancer: A multicenter study. Int J Surg 2022; 106:106937. [PMID: 36152923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) is a common postoperative condition after breast cancer surgery. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence rate and risk factors of PMPS, and to propose prevention and treatment methods. METHODS The study included 1790 postoperative breast cancer patients from three hospitals from 2017 to 2021, of which 302 (13.0%) patients with PMPS were included in the study. RESULTS Age, breast surgery type, axillary surgery type and radiotherapy are the risk factors of PMPS. Age, radiotherapy and chemotherapy affect the pain degree of PMPS during movement. CONCLUSIONS For breast cancer patients with high risk factors, pain should be actively prevented during perioperative period. Oral pharmacological agents, multidisciplinary combination therapy, local anesthetics and regional anesthesia are the most common treatment of PMPS.
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Calderon C, Lorenzo-Seva U, Ferrando PJ, Sorribes E, Rodríguez-González A, Obispo BM, Mihic-Góngora L, Corral MJ, Rogado J, Cruz-Castellanos P, Jiménez-Fonseca P. Measurement properties of the Spanish version of the brief resilient coping scale (BRCS) in cancer patients. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2022; 22:100313. [PMID: 35662793 PMCID: PMC9163688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Resilience is the capacity to adaptively confront stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties, convergent validity, and factorial invariance of the Spanish version of the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS). Method Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses based on a cross-validation were conducted to explore the scale's dimensionality and test for strong (scalar) measurement invariance across gender, age, tumor site, and survival, by fitting multiple-group confirmatory solutions. An extended structural equation model was used to assess external validity. Prospective, multicenter cohort study of 636 patients who completed the BRCS, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Spiritual well‐being (FACIT-sp) scales. Results The data supported a unidimensional structure. The BRCS is a very short, narrow bandwidth measure, with items demonstrating high discriminating power. A strong invariance solution demonstrated excellent fit across gender, age, tumor site, and survival. Scores derived from the unidimensional structure exhibited satisfactory degrees of reliability (ω = .86) and determinacy (FDI = .94). BRCS revealed substantial associations with satisfaction with life and spirituality well-being (all p < .001), factors widely related to resilience, particularly in cancer patients. Conclusions The Spanish version of the BRCS is a reliable, valid resilience measure in advanced cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Calderon
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author at: Department of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Urbano Lorenzo-Seva
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Rovira and Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pere J. Ferrando
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Rovira and Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elena Sorribes
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Berta M. Obispo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luka Mihic-Góngora
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Central of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - María J. Corral
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jacobo Rogado
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Paula Jiménez-Fonseca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Central of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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Isokääntä S, Ruohoaho UM, Anttila M, Kokki H, Sintonen H, Toroi P, Kokki M. Resilience, pain, and health-related quality of life in gynecological patients undergoing surgery for benign and malignant conditions: a 12-month follow-up study. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:345. [PMID: 35974326 PMCID: PMC9382813 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01923-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gynecological surgery has many impacts on women’s physical and mental health, and efforts to improve recovery from surgery are constantly under evaluation. Resilience is an ability to overcome stressors and adversities, such as traumas and surgeries. This study aimed to explore patients’ resilience and psychological symptoms in relation to recovery, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and pain one year after gynecological surgery. Methods In a prospective cohort study, we enrolled consecutive elective gynecologic surgery patients who completed questionnaires before and at one year after surgery: the Resilience Scale-25, the 15D instrument of HRQoL (15D), the Life Satisfaction Scale-4, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Their mean 15D scores were compared to those of an age-matched sample of women from the general Finnish population (n = 2743). Results We enrolled 271 women who underwent gynecological surgery due to benign (n = 190) and malignant (n = 81) diagnoses. Resilience was equally high in women with benign and malignant diagnoses at both time points. Higher resilience associated with less pain, analgesic use, and better pain relief from the use of pain medication at 12 months after surgery. Pain intensity was similar in the two groups, but patients with benign diseases had less pain at 12 months than before surgery. Before surgery, patients’ HRQoL was worse than that of the general population, but at 12 months the mean HRQoL of patients with benign diseases had improved to the same level as that in the general population but had decreased further in patients with malignant diseases. Anxiety was higher and life satisfaction was lower in patients with malignant diseases before surgery. At 12 months, anxiety had decreased in both groups, and life satisfaction had increased in patients with malignant diseases. Depression was similarly low in both groups and time points. Conclusions Resilience correlated with less pain one year after surgery. After surgery, HRQoL improved in patients with benign diseases but deteriorated in patients with malignant diseases. Patients with low resilience should be identified during preoperative evaluation, and health care professionals should give these patients psychological support to enhance their resilience. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov; registered October 29, 2019; identifier: NCT04142203; retrospectively registered.
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Chng Z, Yeo JJ, Joshi A. Resilience as a protective factor in face of pain symptomatology, disability and psychological outcomes in adult chronic pain populations: a scoping review. Scand J Pain 2022; 23:228-250. [PMID: 35946872 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2021-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients suffering from chronic pain experience significant disability and disease burden. Resilience has been understood to be a protective factor in face of adversity, eventually contributing to positive outcomes. As such, the current review sought to summarize the existing literature focusing on the roles of resilience in relation to pain phenomenology, pain outcomes (including function and mental health), amongst relevant clinical correlates in a bid to promote holistic management of debilitating chronic pain conditions from a resilience-oriented psychotherapeutic approach as an adjunct to pharmacological treatment. METHODS A scoping review was conducted on empirical studies surrounding the theme of resilience in adult chronic pain populations published before 9th May 2021. The following main inclusion criteria was applied; (a) adults diagnosed with chronic pain disorders, (b) use of quantifiable pain measures, (c) use of quantifiable resilience measures. A total of 32 studies were then selected for the review. RESULTS First, higher levels of resilience were associated with a reduced likelihood of experiencing any chronic pain, fewer pain sites, better psychological response towards nociception and reduced need for analgesia. Second, higher levels of resilience correlated with better daily and physical function, quality of life, psychosocial functioning and lower likelihood of co-morbid mental health disorders. Third, resilience was an intermediary variable in the pathways from pain phenomenology leading to pain interference, depression and post-traumatic growth. CONCLUSIONS The findings were contextualized using pain-disability and resilience frameworks (The Pain and Disability Drivers Model, O'Leary's Resilience models) with suggestions to enhance resilience and contextual factors in the holistic management of adult chronic pain conditions. Future research should examine the differences in resilience between pain types as well as evaluate the efficacy of streamlined resilience-oriented interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanna Chng
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry Jay Yeo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ashutosh Joshi
- Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, National Healthcare Group, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore, Singapore
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