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Juszczuk-Kubiak E. Molecular Aspects of the Functioning of Pathogenic Bacteria Biofilm Based on Quorum Sensing (QS) Signal-Response System and Innovative Non-Antibiotic Strategies for Their Elimination. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2655. [PMID: 38473900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the key mechanisms enabling bacterial cells to create biofilms and regulate crucial life functions in a global and highly synchronized way is a bacterial communication system called quorum sensing (QS). QS is a bacterial cell-to-cell communication process that depends on the bacterial population density and is mediated by small signalling molecules called autoinducers (AIs). In bacteria, QS controls the biofilm formation through the global regulation of gene expression involved in the extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) synthesis, virulence factor production, stress tolerance and metabolic adaptation. Forming biofilm is one of the crucial mechanisms of bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A common feature of human pathogens is the ability to form biofilm, which poses a serious medical issue due to their high susceptibility to traditional antibiotics. Because QS is associated with virulence and biofilm formation, there is a belief that inhibition of QS activity called quorum quenching (QQ) may provide alternative therapeutic methods for treating microbial infections. This review summarises recent progress in biofilm research, focusing on the mechanisms by which biofilms, especially those formed by pathogenic bacteria, become resistant to antibiotic treatment. Subsequently, a potential alternative approach to QS inhibition highlighting innovative non-antibiotic strategies to control AMR and biofilm formation of pathogenic bacteria has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Engineering, Department of Microbiology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology-State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36 Street, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland
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Maha Swetha BR, Saravanan M, Piruthivraj P. Emerging trends in the inhibition of bacterial molecular communication: An overview. Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106495. [PMID: 38070626 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a molecular cell-cell communication utilized by several bacteria and some fungi. It involves cell density dependent gene expression that includes extra polymeric substance production, sporulation, antibiotic production, motility, competence, symbiosis and conjugation. These expressions were carried out by different signaling molecules like acyl homo-serine lactone (AHL) and auto-inducing peptides (AIPs) which was effluxed by gram negative and gram positive bacteria. Pathogenic bacteria and biofilms often exhibit high resistance to antibiotics, attributed to the presence of antibiotic efflux pumps, reduced membrane permeability, and enzymes that deactivate quorum sensing (QS) inhibitors. To counteract virulence and multi-drug resistance (MDR), novel strategies such as employing quorum sensing (QS) inhibitors and quorum quenchers are employed. It targets signaling molecules with synthesis and prevents the signal from binding to receptors. In this present review, the mechanisms of QS along with inhibitors from different sources are described. These strategies potentially interfere with QS and it can be applied in different fields, mainly in hospitals and marine environments where the pathogenic infections and biofilm formation are highly involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Maha Swetha
- Department of Biotechnoloy, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Saravanan
- Department of Physics, University College of Engineering, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirapalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prakash Piruthivraj
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Univerisy, Chennai, 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnoloy, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Tiwari S, Gidwani B, Vyas A. Quorum Sensing in Gram-Negative Bacteria: Strategies to Overcome Antibiotic Resistance in Ocular Infections. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:876-888. [PMID: 37497706 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230727094635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Truly miraculous medications and antibiotics have helped save untold millions of lives. Antibiotic resistance, however, is a significant issue related to health that jeopardizes the effectiveness of antibiotics and could harm everyone's health. Bacteria, not humans or animals, become antibiotic-resistant. Bacteria use quorum-sensing communication routes to manage an assortment of physiological exercises. Quorum sensing is significant for appropriate biofilm development. Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria establish a biofilm on a surface, shielding them from the effects of infection-fighting drugs. Acylated homoserine lactones are used as autoinducers by gram-negative microscopic organisms to impart. However, antibiotic resistance among ocular pathogens is increasing worldwide. Bacteria are a significant contributor to ocular infections around the world. Gram-negative microscopic organisms are dangerous to ophthalmic tissues. This review highlights the use of elective drug targets and treatments, for example, combinational treatment, to vanquish antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Also, it briefly portrays anti-biotic resistance brought about by gram-negative bacteria and approaches to overcome resistance with the help of quorum sensing inhibitors and nanotechnology as a promising medication conveyance approach to give insurance of anti-microbials and improve pathways for the administration of inhibitors of quorum sensing with a blend of anti-microbials to explicit target destinations and penetration through biofilms for treatment of ocular infections. It centres on the methodologies to sidestep the confinements of ocular anti-biotic delivery with new visual innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Tiwari
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G., India
| | - Bina Gidwani
- Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Raipur, C.G., India
| | - Amber Vyas
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G., India
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Wang H, Du X, Zhang Z, Feng F, Zhang J. Rhizosphere interface microbiome reassembly by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi weakens cadmium migration dynamics. IMETA 2023; 2:e133. [PMID: 38868220 PMCID: PMC10989832 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of cadmium (Cd)-polluted agricultural soils is increasing globally, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can reduce the absorption of heavy metals by plants and improve mineral nutrition. However, the immobilization of the rhizosphere on cadmium is often overlooked. In this study, Glomus mosseae and Medicago sativa were established as symbiotes, and Cd migration and environmental properties in the rhizosphere were analyzed. AMF reduced Cd migration, and Cd2+ changed to an organic-bound state. AMF symbiosis treatment and Cd exposure resulted in microbial community variation, exhibiting a distinct deterministic process (|βNTI| > 2), which ultimately resulted in a core microbiome function of heavy metal resistance and nutrient cycling. AMF increased available N and P, extracellular enzyme activity (LaC, LiP, and CAT), organic matter content (TOC, EOC, and GRSP), and Eh of the rhizosphere soil, significantly correlating with decreased Cd migration (p < 0.05). Furthermore, AMF significantly affected root metabolism by upregulating 739 metabolites, with flavonoids being the main factor causing microbiome variation. The structural equation model and variance partial analysis revealed that the superposition of the root metabolites, microbial, and soil exhibited the maximum explanation rate for Cd migration reduction (42.4%), and the microbial model had the highest single explanation rate (15.5%). Thus, the AMF in the rhizosphere microenvironment can regulate metabolite-soil-microbial interactions, reducing Cd migration. In summary, the study provides a new scientific explanation for how AMF improves plant Cd tolerance and offers a sustainable solution that could benefit both the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Rui Wang
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Xin‐Ran Du
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Zhuo‐Yun Zhang
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Fu‐Juan Feng
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Jia‐Ming Zhang
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina
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Pant N, Miranda-Hernandez S, Rush C, Warner J, Eisen DP. Effect of savirin in the prevention of biofilm-related Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infection. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:989417. [PMID: 36188545 PMCID: PMC9521501 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.989417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Most of the arthroplasty surgery failure due to prosthetic joint infections (PJI) is caused by biofilm-associated Staphylococcus aureus. In a recent experimental study, savirin has been used to prevent and treat S. aureus skin infections in animal models. We explored the application of savirin in a PJI mouse model to determine its utility as an adjunct therapy to prevent PJI. Materials and methods: The in-vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of savirin, with or without antibiotics (cefazolin, rifampicin, and vancomycin), against S. aureus were investigated using broth microdilution and crystal violet staining method, respectively. The effect of savirin treatment on the expression of the key biofilm-related genes (icaA, icaD, eno, fib, ebps, and agr) in S. aureus was studied using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR). The in-vivo efficacy of savirin alone and with cefazolin to prevent S. aureus PJI was determined using a clinically relevant PJI mouse model. Mice were randomized into five groups (n = 8/group): 1) infected K-wire savirin treated group, 2) infected K-wire cefazolin treated group, 3) infected K-wire savirin plus cefazolin treated group, 4) infected K-wire PBS treated group, 5) sterile K-wire group. Savirin was administered subcutaneously immediately post-surgery and intravenous cefazolin was given on day seven. Results: Savirin inhibited planktonic and biofilm in-vitro growth of S. aureus, showed enhanced inhibitory activity when combined with antibiotics, and down-regulated the expression of key S. aureus biofilm-related genes (icaA, icaD, eno, fib, ebps, and agr). Savirin significantly reduced bacterial counts on joint implants in comparison with the PBS treated control, while savirin plus cefazolin reduced bacterial counts on both implants and peri-prosthetic tissues. Conclusion: Savirin adjuvant therapy may prevent biofilm formation and S. aureus PJI. This study gives baseline data for using savirin for the prevention as well as treatment of S. aureus PJI in future animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Pant
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Narayan Pant,
| | | | - Catherine Rush
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Warner
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Damon P. Eisen
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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Effect of Cyclodextrins on the Biofilm Formation Capacity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113603. [PMID: 35684540 PMCID: PMC9181962 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a population-density-dependent communication process of microorganisms to coordinate their activities by producing and detecting low-molecular-weight signal molecules. In pathogenic bacteria, the property controlled by QS is often related to infectivity, e.g., biofilm formation. Molecular encapsulation of the QS signals is an innovative method to prevent the signals binding to the receptors and to attenuate QS. Cyclodextrins (CDs) may form an inclusion complex with the signals, thus reducing the communication (quorum quenching, QQ). A systematic study was performed with α-, β-cyclodextrin, and their random methylated, quaternary amino and polymer derivatives to evaluate and compare their effects on the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. To examine the concentration-, temperature- and time-dependency of the QQ effect, the CDs were applied at a 0.1–12.5 mM concentration range, and biofilm formation was studied after 6, 24, 48 and 72 h at 22 and 30 °C. According to the results, the QS mechanism was significantly inhibited; the size of the cavity, the structure of the substituents, as well as the monomeric or polymeric character together with the concentration of the CDs have been identified as key influencing factors of biofilm formation. Statistically determined effective concentration values demonstrated outstanding efficiency (higher than 80% inhibition) of α-CD and its random methylated and polymer derivatives both on the short and long term. In summary, the potential value of CDs as inhibitors of QS should be considered since the inhibition of biofilm formation could significantly impact human health and the environment.
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Awuor SO, Omwenga EO, Mariita RM, Daud II. Cholera outbreak: antibiofilm activity, profiling of antibiotic-resistant genes and virulence factors of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae isolates reveals concerning traits. Access Microbiol 2022; 4:000324. [PMID: 35693465 PMCID: PMC9175979 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is a biofilm-forming pathogen with various virulence phenotypes and antimicrobial resistance traits. Phenotypic characteristics play a critical role in disease transmission and pathogenesis. The current study elucidated antibiofilm formation activity, profiled antibiotic-resistant genes and virulence factors of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae isolates from the cholera outbreak in Kisumu County, Kenya. Vibrio cholerae O1 isolates collected during the 2017 cholera outbreak in Kisumu County, Kenya, were utilized. Biofilm and virulence factors were profiled using standard procedures. The study confirmed 100 isolates as Vibrio cholerae, with 81 of them possessing cholera toxin gene (ctxA). Additionally, 99 of the isolates harboured the toxR gene. The study further revealed that 81 and 94 of the isolates harboured the class I integron (encoded by inDS gene) and integrating conjugative element (ICE), respectively. Antibiotic resistance assays confirmed tetracycline resistance genes as the most abundant (97 isolates). Among them were seven isolates resistant to commonly used antibiotics. The study further screened the isolates for antibiofilm formation using various antibiotics. Unlike the four strains (03/17–16, 02/17–09, 04/17–13), three of the strains (04/17–07, 06/17–14 and 05/17–03) did not form biofilms. Further, all the seven isolates that exhibited extensive antibiotic resistance produced haemolysin while 71.42%, 85.71 and 71.42 % of them produced protease, phospholipases and lipase, respectively. This study provides and in-depth understanding of essential features that were possibly responsible for V. cholerae outbreak. Understanding of these features is critical in the development of strategies to combat future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silas O. Awuor
- School of Health Sciences, Kisii University, P.O BOX 408-40200 Kisii, Kenya
| | - Eric O. Omwenga
- School of Health Sciences, Kisii University, P.O BOX 408-40200 Kisii, Kenya
| | | | - Ibrahim I. Daud
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, United States Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa, HJF Medical Research International, Kericho, Kenya
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Pant N, Eisen DP. Non-Antimicrobial Adjuvant Strategies to Tackle Biofilm-Related Staphylococcus aureus Prosthetic Joint Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091060. [PMID: 34572641 PMCID: PMC8465242 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus frequently causes community- and hospital-acquired infections. S. aureus attachment followed by biofilm formation on tissues and medical devices plays a significant role in the establishment of chronic infections. Staphylococcal biofilms encase bacteria in a matrix and protect the cells from antimicrobials and the immune system, resulting in infections that are highly resistant to treatment. The biology of biofilms is complex and varies between organisms. In this review, we focus our discussion on S. aureus biofilms and describe the stages of their formation. We particularly emphasize genetic and biochemical processes that may be vulnerable to novel treatment approaches. Against this background, we discuss treatment strategies that have been successful in animal models of S. aureus biofilm-related infection and consider their possible use for the prevention and eradication of biofilm-related S. aureus prosthetic joint infection.
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Cyclodextrin-mediated quorum quenching in the Aliivibrio fischeri bioluminescence model system – Modulation of bacterial communication. Int J Pharm 2021; 594:120150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Najmi SM, Schneider DA. Quorum sensing regulates rRNA synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene 2021; 776:145442. [PMID: 33482283 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ribosome biogenesis requires the concerted activities of three nuclear RNA polymerases, (Pols) I, II, and III, to produce 25S, 18S and 5.8S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding ribosomal proteins, and the 5S rRNA, respectively. The rRNA is processed and modified before being assembled with ribosomal proteins to produce a ribosome. Ribosome biogenesis requires extensive energetic investment by the cell, so it is critical that this process is tightly regulated in accord with cellular growth potential. Previous work revealed that rRNA synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is repressed prior to the cells shift from active growth (log phase) to limited/static growth (stationary phase). The mechanism(s) by which cells anticipate imminent stationary phase are unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that growing cells produce one or more compounds that accumulate in the growth medium, and that this compound induces repression of rRNA synthesis. When cells encounter this compound, rRNA synthesis is rapidly repressed. We further show that subunits of Pols I and II are degraded during the transition from log to stationary phase growth, but this degradation does not account for the observed repression of rRNA synthesis. Interestingly, repression of rRNA synthesis by spent media requires the nuclear exosome, implying that spent media stimulates rapid rRNA degradation. Together, these data suggest that yeast use quorum sensing to regulate rRNA synthesis in anticipation of high cell density in stationary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman M Najmi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - David A Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
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Kongkham B, Prabakaran D, Puttaswamy H. Opportunities and challenges in managing antibiotic resistance in bacteria using plant secondary metabolites. Fitoterapia 2020; 147:104762. [PMID: 33069839 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Development of antibiotic resistance (ABR) in bacteria and its multidimensional spread is an emerging global threat that needs immediate attention. Extensive antibiotics (AB) usage results in development of ABR in bacteria by target modification, production of AB degrading enzymes, porin modifications, efflux pumps overexpression, etc. To counter this, apart from strict regulation of AB use and behavioural changes, research and development (R&D) of newer antimicrobials are in place. One such emerging approach to combat ABR is the use of structurally and functionally diverse plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) in combination with the conventional AB. Either the PSMs are themselves antimicrobial or they potentiate the activity of the AB through a range of mechanisms. However, their use is lagging due to poor knowledge of mode of action, structure-activity relationships, pharmacokinetics, etc. This review paper discussed the opportunities and challenges in managing ABR using PSMs. Mechanisms of ABR development in bacteria and current strategies to counter them were studied and the areas where PSMs can play an important role were highlighted. The use of PSMs, both as an anti-resistance and anti-virulence agent in combination therapy to counter multi-drug resistance along with their mechanisms of action, has been discussed in detail. The difficulties in the commercialisation of PSMs and strategies to overcome them along with future priority areas of research have also been given. Following the given R&D path will definitely help in better understanding and utilising the full potential of PSMs in solving the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhani Kongkham
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Duraivadivel Prabakaran
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Hariprasad Puttaswamy
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi 110016, India.
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Greenman J, Hewett K, Saad S. Discovery, development and exploitation of steady-state biofilms. J Breath Res 2020; 14:044001. [PMID: 33021218 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/abb765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Early in vitro biofilm models go back even beyond the invention of the word 'biofilm'. In the dental field, biofilms were simply known as dental plaque and many of the first in vitro models were termed 'artificial mouth microcosm plaques'. The purpose of this review is to highlight important elements of research from over the years regarding in vitro biofilm models, including data from our own laboratories. This helps us to interpret the models and point the way to the future development of biofilm testing. Many hypotheses regarding biofilm phenomena, particularly ecology, metabolism and physiology of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) and volatile organic compound (VOC) production could potentially be supported or disproved. In this way, the methods we use for screening biologically active agents including inhibitors, biocides and antimicrobial compounds in general can be improved. Hopefully, any lessons learnt in the past may be of value for the future. In this review, we focus around the need for growth rate controlled long-term biofilms; being continuously monitored using recent technical advances in bioluminescence, selective real-time electrodes, pH electrodes and continuous on-line analysis of the gas phase (both qualitatively and quantitatively). These features allow for accurate determination of growth rate and/or metabolic rate as well as pave the way towards automated assays and fine control of metabolism; impossible to achieve according to conventional biofilm theory. We also attempt to address the questions; can biofilm systems be improved to maintain long term 'real' or 'true' steady states over weeks or months, or are we limited to quasi-steady state systems for a limited period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Greenman
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, BS16 1QY, United Kingdom. Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, BS16 1QY, United Kingdom
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Salehiziri M, Amalfitano S, Gallipoli A, Gianico A, Rad HA, Braguglia CM, Fazi S. Investigating the influences of quorum quenching and nutrient conditions on activated sludge flocs at a short-time scale. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:125917. [PMID: 32004892 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Quorum sensing signals regulate various functions within activated sludge processes such as formation of microbial aggregates. Disturbance of this signaling system, known as quorum quenching (QQ), provides opportunities for eliminating some problems related to biological wastewater treatment (e.g., biofouling and excess sludge production). However, it is poorly understood how and to what extent QQ systems can affect the microbial aggregation processes and the following floc formation. In particular, an in-depth structural characterization at the scale of microbial aggregate while considering nutrient conditions in the reactor is still largely disregarded. Here, we evaluated the QQ effects at the short-term time scale (i.e., after 4 h for the exogenous period and 19 h for exogenous/endogenous period), by combining advanced techniques for microbial characterization (flow cytometry, CARD-FISH, and confocal laser scanning microscopy) and conventional physical-chemical assessments. The results indicated that by implementing QQ agents (immobilized Acylase I enzyme in porous alginate beads) the abundance of single cells and suspended microbial aggregates in the supernatant did not show significant changes during the exogenous period. Conversely, at the end of the exogenous/endogenous period a significant increase of single prokaryotic cells, small and large microbial aggregates favored the growth of grazers, including free-living nanoflagellates and ciliates. Flocs became looser and thinner than those in the control reactor, thus affecting the sludge settling behavior. Inability of microbial community in degradation of soluble protein during the endogenous period confirmed that the QQ agents are likely to inhibit the secretion of protease enzyme within microbial communities of activated sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015, Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - Agata Gallipoli
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015, Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Gianico
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015, Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Camilla Maria Braguglia
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015, Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Fazi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00015, Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
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Afzal M, Saccenti E, Madsen MB, Hansen MB, Hyldegaard O, Skrede S, Martins Dos Santos VAP, Norrby-Teglund A, Svensson M. Integrated Univariate, Multivariate, and Correlation-Based Network Analyses Reveal Metabolite-Specific Effects on Bacterial Growth and Biofilm Formation in Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:688-698. [PMID: 31833369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) have multiple causes, risk factors, anatomical locations, and pathogenic mechanisms. In patients with NSTI, circulating metabolites may serve as a substrate having impact on bacterial adaptation at the site of infection. Metabolic signatures associated with NSTI may reveal the potential to be useful as diagnostic and prognostic markers and novel targets for therapy. This study used untargeted metabolomics analyses of plasma from NSTI patients (n = 34) and healthy (noninfected) controls (n = 24) to identify the metabolic signatures and connectivity patterns among metabolites associated with NSTI. Metabolite-metabolite association networks were employed to compare the metabolic profiles of NSTI patients and noninfected surgical controls. Out of 97 metabolites detected, the abundance of 33 was significantly altered in NSTI patients. Analysis of metabolite-metabolite association networks showed a more densely connected network: specifically, 20 metabolites differentially connected between NSTI and controls. A selected set of significantly altered metabolites was tested in vitro to investigate potential influence on NSTI group A streptococcal strain growth and biofilm formation. Using chemically defined media supplemented with the selected metabolites, ornithine, ribose, urea, and glucuronic acid, revealed metabolite-specific effects on both bacterial growth and biofilm formation. This study identifies for the first time an NSTI-specific metabolic signature with implications for optimized diagnostics and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Afzal
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, ANA Futura, Karolinska Institutet , Karolinska University Hospital , Alfred Nobels Allé 8 , 141 52 Huddinge , Sweden
| | - Edoardo Saccenti
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology , Wageningen University & Research , Stippeneng 4 , Wageningen 6708 WE , The Netherlands
| | - Martin Bruun Madsen
- Department of Intensive Care , Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen 2100 , Denmark
| | - Marco Bo Hansen
- Hyperbaric Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Center of Head and Orthopedics , Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 9 , Copenhagen DK-2100 , Denmark
| | - Ole Hyldegaard
- Department of Intensive Care , Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen 2100 , Denmark
| | - Steinar Skrede
- Department of Medicine , Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen N-5021 , Norway.,Department of Clinical Science , University of Bergen , Bergen N-5020 , Norway
| | - Vitor A P Martins Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology , Wageningen University & Research , Stippeneng 4 , Wageningen 6708 WE , The Netherlands
| | - Anna Norrby-Teglund
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, ANA Futura, Karolinska Institutet , Karolinska University Hospital , Alfred Nobels Allé 8 , 141 52 Huddinge , Sweden
| | - Mattias Svensson
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, ANA Futura, Karolinska Institutet , Karolinska University Hospital , Alfred Nobels Allé 8 , 141 52 Huddinge , Sweden
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15
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Cui L, Wang X, Huang D, Zhao Y, Feng J, Lu Q, Pu Q, Wang Y, Cheng G, Wu M, Dai M. CRISPR- cas3 of Salmonella Upregulates Bacterial Biofilm Formation and Virulence to Host Cells by Targeting Quorum-Sensing Systems. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9010053. [PMID: 31936769 PMCID: PMC7168661 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is recognized as one of the most common microbial pathogens worldwide. The bacterium contains the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems, providing adaptive immunity against invading foreign nucleic acids. Previous studies suggested that certain bacteria employ the Cas proteins of CRISPR-Cas systems to target their own genes, which also alters the virulence during invasion of mammals. However, whether CRISPR-Cas systems in Salmonella have similar functions during bacterial invasion of host cells remains unknown. Here, we systematically analyzed the genes that are regulated by Cas3 in a type I-E CRISPR-Cas system and the virulence changes due to the deletion of cas3 in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. Compared to the cas3 gene wild-type (cas3 WT) Salmonella strain, cas3 deletion upregulated the lsrFGBE genes in lsr (luxS regulated) operon related to quorum sensing (QS) and downregulated biofilm-forming-related genes and Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) genes related to the type three secretion system (T3SS). Consistently, the biofilm formation ability was downregulated in the cas3 deletion mutant (Δcas3). The bacterial invasive and intracellular capacity of Δcas3 to host cells was also reduced, thereby increasing the survival of infected host cells and live chickens. By the transcriptome-wide screen (RNA-Seq), we found that the cas3 gene impacts a series of genes related to QS, the flagellum, and SPI-1-T3SS system, thereby altering the virulence phenotypes. As QS SPI-1-T3SS and CRISPR-Cas systems are widely distributed in the bacteria kingdom, our findings extend our understanding of virulence regulation and pathogenicity in mammalian hosts for Salmonella and potentially other bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqing Cui
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.C.); (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA;
| | - Xiangru Wang
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.C.); (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.F.)
| | - Deyu Huang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.H.); (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (G.C.)
| | - Yue Zhao
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.C.); (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.F.)
| | - Jiawei Feng
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.C.); (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.F.)
| | - Qirong Lu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.H.); (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (G.C.)
| | - Qinqin Pu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA;
| | - Yulian Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.H.); (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (G.C.)
| | - Guyue Cheng
- MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.H.); (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (G.C.)
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA;
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (M.D.); Tel.: +1-701-777-4875 (M.W.); +86-027-8767-2232 (M.D.); Fax: +1-701-777-2382 (M.W.); +86-027-8767-2232 (M.D.)
| | - Menghong Dai
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.C.); (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.F.)
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (M.D.); Tel.: +1-701-777-4875 (M.W.); +86-027-8767-2232 (M.D.); Fax: +1-701-777-2382 (M.W.); +86-027-8767-2232 (M.D.)
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16
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Gupta K, Daroch P, Harjai K, Chhibber S. Parallels among natural and synthetically modified quorum-quenching strategies as convoy to future therapy. Microbiology (Reading) 2019; 165:1265-1281. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kshitiz Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Priya Daroch
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kusum Harjai
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjay Chhibber
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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17
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18
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Gebreyohannes G, Nyerere A, Bii C, Sbhatu DB. Challenges of intervention, treatment, and antibiotic resistance of biofilm-forming microorganisms. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02192. [PMID: 31463386 PMCID: PMC6709409 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biofilms are multicellular communities of microorganisms held together by a self-produced extracellular matrix. The ability of microbes to form biofilm is a universal, ubiquitous, and dynamic process. This dynamic process of biofilms establishes an important strategy to withstand and survive harsh environmental conditions and antimicrobial agents. Objective This review paper aims to give an overview of antibiotic resistance, intervention, and treatment of infections caused by biofilm-forming organisms. Moreover, it can also help to motivate scholars to search for new anti-biofilm strategies and most appropriate methods to tackle the effect of biofilm infections on healthcare services. Methods This paper was written by reviewing recent research and review articles which are reporting about the antibiotic resistance, prevention, and treatment of biofilm-producing organisms. Conclusion Bioprospecting for quorum quenching compounds can be an appropriate solution for controlling biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gebreselema Gebreyohannes
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Mekelle Institute of Technology, Mekelle University, Ethiopia.,Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Pan African University, Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology, and Innovation, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Andrew Nyerere
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Christine Bii
- Center for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Desta Berhe Sbhatu
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Mekelle Institute of Technology, Mekelle University, Ethiopia
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19
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Analysis of the influence of cyclo (L-phenylalanine-L-proline) on the proteome of Staphylococcus aureus using iTRAQ. ANN MICROBIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-019-01508-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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20
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Quorum Sensing Inhibition by Marine Bacteria. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17070427. [PMID: 31340463 PMCID: PMC6669520 DOI: 10.3390/md17070427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has been increasingly reported for a wide variety of bacteria of clinical significance. This widespread problem constitutes one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century. Faced with this issue, clinicians and researchers have been persuaded to design novel strategies in order to try to control pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the discovery and elucidation of the mechanisms underlying bacterial pathogenesis and intercellular communication have opened new perspectives for the development of alternative approaches. Antipathogenic and/or antivirulence therapies based on the interruption of quorum sensing pathways are one of several such promising strategies aimed at disarming rather than at eradicating bacterial pathogens during the course of colonization and infection. This review describes mechanisms of bacterial communication involved in biofilm formation. An overview of the potential of marine bacteria and their bioactive components as QS inhibitors is further provided.
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21
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Chen X, Zhang L, Zhang M, Liu H, Lu P, Lin K. Quorum sensing inhibitors: a patent review (2014-2018). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2018; 28:849-865. [PMID: 30366511 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2018.1541174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell density-dependent phenomenon in which specific pathways are activated after autoinducers (AIs) outside the microorganism reach a threshold concentration. QS creates a positive feedback loop that induces a cascade of gene expression and causes biofilm formation, virulence and sporulation. QS signals are diverse, acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL), AI peptide (AIP) and AI-2 are three major categories of QS signals. QS inhibitors (QSIs) can disrupt or prevent the formation of biofilm and reduce virulence while exerting less selective pressure on the bacteria, suggesting that QSIs are potential alternatives for antibiotics. Areas covered: This review summarized the pertinent patents on QS inhibition available from 2014 to 2018. The authors analyze these patents and provided an overview of them and their potential applications. Expert opinion: The main strategy for QS inhibition is to use the analogues of various QS signals to block downstream signal transducers. The inactivation of signal molecules or the stimulation of the immune response is also attractive strategies to inhibit QS. However, additional clinical trials are needed to assess their efficacy in mammals. In sum, QS inhibition can reduce the virulence of bacteria without affecting their growth or killing them and the reduced pressure may minimize the increasingly resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- a School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Likun Zhang
- a School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Mingxiang Zhang
- a School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Huayu Liu
- a School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Panrui Lu
- a School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Kejiang Lin
- a School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
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22
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Mairink SZ, Barbosa LCA, Boukouvalas J, Pedroso SHSP, Santos SG, Magalhães PP, Farias LM. Synthesis and evaluation of cadiolide analogues as inhibitors of bacterial biofilm formation. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2246-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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23
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Free tryptophan residues inhibit quorum sensing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a potential approach to inhibit the development of microbial biofilm. Arch Microbiol 2018; 200:1419-1425. [PMID: 30039322 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-018-1557-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biofilm reveals a cluster of microbial population aggregated on a surface. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a strong biofilm forming organism, often causes several human diseases. Microorganism-based diseases become more difficult to manage when the causative organism develops biofilm during the course of disease progression as the organism attains alarming drug resistance in biofilm form. Agents inhibiting microbial biofilm formation could be considered as a potential tool to weaken the extent of microbial pathogenesis. Tryptophan has already been reported as a promising agent against the biofilm development by P. aeruginosa. In the current study, we had focused on the underlying mechanism of microbial biofilm inhibition of P. aeruginosa under the influence of tryptophan. The expression level of the mRNA of the genes (lasR, lasB and lasI) associated with quorum sensing was compared between tryptophan treated and untreated cells under similar conditions using real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that the tested concentrations of tryptophan considerably reduced the expression of those genes (lasR, lasB and lasI) that are required during the occurrence of quorum sensing in P. aeruginosa. Molecular docking also revealed that tryptophan can interact with the proteins responsible for the occurrence of quorum sensing in P. aeruginosa. The cytotoxicity assay was carried out wherein we observed that the tested concentration of tryptophan did not show any considerable cytotoxicity against the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. From this study, it may be concluded that the tryptophan-mediated inhibition of biofilm formation is associated with interference of quorum sensing in P. aeruginosa. Hence, tryptophan could be used as a potential agent against the microbial biofilm mediated pathogenesis.
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24
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Sun L, Grenier D, Yi L. The LuxS/AI-2 system of Streptococcus suis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:7231-7238. [PMID: 29938319 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9170-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is an important protective mechanism that allows bacteria to adapt to its environment. A limited number of signal molecules play the key role of transmitting information in this mechanism. Signals are transmitted between individual bacterium through QS systems, resulting in the expression of specific genes. QS plays an important role in a variety of bacterial processes, including drug resistance, biofilm formation, motility, adherence, and virulence. Most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria possess QS systems, mainly the LuxS/AI-2-mediated QS system. Evidence has been brought that LuxS/AI-2 system controls major virulence determinants in Streptococcus suis and, as such, the ability of this bacterial species to cause infections in humans and pigs. Understanding the S. suis LuxS/AI-2 system may open up novel avenues for decreasing the drug resistance and infectivity of S. suis. This article focuses on the progress made to date on the S. suis LuxS/AI-2-mediated QS system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
| | - Yuxin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Liyun Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Daniel Grenier
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale (GREB), Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Li Yi
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale (GREB), Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada. .,College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China.
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25
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Rémy B, Mion S, Plener L, Elias M, Chabrière E, Daudé D. Interference in Bacterial Quorum Sensing: A Biopharmaceutical Perspective. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:203. [PMID: 29563876 PMCID: PMC5845960 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous bacteria utilize molecular communication systems referred to as quorum sensing (QS) to synchronize the expression of certain genes regulating, among other aspects, the expression of virulence factors and the synthesis of biofilm. To achieve this process, bacteria use signaling molecules, known as autoinducers (AIs), as chemical messengers to share information. Naturally occurring strategies that interfere with bacterial signaling have been extensively studied in recent years, examining their potential to control bacteria. To interfere with QS, bacteria use quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) to block the action of AIs and quorum quenching (QQ) enzymes to degrade signaling molecules. Recent studies have shown that these strategies are promising routes to decrease bacterial pathogenicity and decrease biofilms, potentially enhancing bacterial susceptibility to antimicrobial agents including antibiotics and bacteriophages. The efficacy of QSIs and QQ enzymes has been demonstrated in various animal models and are now considered in the development of new medical devices against bacterial infections, including dressings, and catheters for enlarging the therapeutic arsenal against bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rémy
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Gene&GreenTK, Marseille, France
| | - Sonia Mion
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | | | - Mikael Elias
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Eric Chabrière
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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26
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Medicinal Application of Synthetic Biology. Synth Biol (Oxf) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8693-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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27
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Liu L, Wu R, Zhang J, Shang N, Li P. D-Ribose Interferes with Quorum Sensing to Inhibit Biofilm Formation of Lactobacillus paraplantarum L-ZS9. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1860. [PMID: 29018429 PMCID: PMC5622935 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms help bacteria survive under adverse conditions, and the quorum sensing (QS) system plays an important role in regulating their activities. Quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) have great potential to inhibit pathogenic biofilm formation and are considered possible replacements for antibiotics; however, further investigation is required to understand the mechanisms of action of QSIs and to avoid inhibitory effects on beneficial bacteria. Lactobacillus paraplantarum L-ZS9, isolated from fermented sausage, is a bacteriocin-producing bacteria that shows potential to be a probiotic starter. Since exogenous autoinducer-2 (AI-2) promoted biofilm formation of the strain, expression of genes involved in AI-2 production was determined in L. paraplantarum L-ZS9, especially the key gene luxS. D-Ribose was used to inhibit biofilm formation because of its AI-2 inhibitory activity. Twenty-seven differentially expressed proteins were identified by comparative proteomic analysis following D-ribose treatment and were functionally classified into six groups. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that AI-2 had a counteractive effect on transcription of the genes tuf, fba, gap, pgm, nfo, rib, and rpoN. Over-expression of the tuf, fba, gap, pgm, and rpoN genes promoted biofilm formation of L. paraplantarum L-ZS9, while over-expression of the nfo and rib genes inhibited biofilm formation. In conclusion, D-ribose inhibited biofilm formation of L. paraplantarum L-ZS9 by regulating multiple genes involved in the glycolytic pathway, extracellular DNA degradation and transcription, and translation. This research provides a new mechanism of QSI regulation of biofilm formation of Lactobacillus and offers a valuable reference for QSI application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyun Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Shang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Pinglan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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28
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Park JS, Ryu EJ, Li L, Choi BK, Kim BM. New bicyclic brominated furanones as potent autoinducer-2 quorum-sensing inhibitors against bacterial biofilm formation. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 137:76-87. [PMID: 28554093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial behaviors such as virulence factor secretion and biofilm formation are critical for survival, and are effectively regulated through quorum sensing, a mechanism of intra- and interspecies communication in response to changes in cell density and species complexity. Many bacterial species colonize host tissues and form a defensive structure called a biofilm, which can be the basis of inflammatory diseases. Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the periodontium, is caused by subgingival biofilms related to periodontopathogens. In particular, Fusobacterium nucleatum is a major co-aggregation bridge organism in the formation and growth of subgingival biofilms, linking the early and late colonizers in periodontal biofilms. According to our previous study, the intergeneric quorum-sensing signal molecule autoinducer-2 (AI-2) of F. nucleatum plays a key role in intra- and interspecies interactions of periodontopathogens, and may be a good target for periodontal biofilm inhibition. Recently, brominated furanones produced by the macroalga Delisea pulchra were shown to inhibit biofilm formation via AI-2, and have been investigated toward the goal of increasing the inhibition effect. In this study, we describe the synthesis of new bromofuranone analogs, i.e., 3-(dibromomethylene)isobenzofuran-1(3H)-one derivatives, and demonstrate their inhibitory activities against biofilm formation by periodontopathogens, including F. nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Tannerella forsythia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Su Park
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Ryu
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Linzi Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Kyu Choi
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - B Moon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Gordon CP, Olson SD, Lister JL, Kavanaugh JS, Horswill AR. Truncated Autoinducing Peptides as Antagonists of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Quorum Sensing. J Med Chem 2016; 59:8879-8888. [PMID: 27585401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Competitive quorum sensing (QS) antagonism offers a novel strategy for attenuating current multidrug resistant staphylococcal infections. To this end, a series of 10 truncated analogues based on the parent autoinducing peptides (AIPs) of Staphylococcus lugdunensis (groups I and II) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (groups I-III) were sequentially assessed against a newly developed Staphylococcus lugdunensis group I QS reporter strain. The truncated analogues based upon Staphylococcus lugdunensis AIP-1 (1) and AIP-2 (2) displayed respective IC50 values of 0.2 ± 0.01 μM and 0.3 ± 0.01 μM, while the truncated analogue of the Staphylococcus epidermidis AIP-1 (3) elicited an IC50 value of 2.7 ± 0.1 μM. These findings demonstrate the potential of cognate and "crosstalk" competitive quorum sensing inhibition using truncated AIPs as a means of attenuating staphylococcal infections in species beyond Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Gordon
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University , Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South Dc, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Shondra D Olson
- Department of Microbiology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jessica L Lister
- Department of Microbiology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Kavanaugh
- Department of Microbiology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Alexander R Horswill
- Department of Microbiology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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30
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Cho YJ, Song HY, Ben Amara H, Choi BK, Eunju R, Cho YA, Seol Y, Lee Y, Ku Y, Rhyu IC, Koo KT. In Vivo Inhibition ofPorphyromonas gingivalisGrowth and Prevention of Periodontitis With Quorum-Sensing Inhibitors. J Periodontol 2016; 87:1075-82. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Borges A, Abreu AC, Dias C, Saavedra MJ, Borges F, Simões M. New Perspectives on the Use of Phytochemicals as an Emergent Strategy to Control Bacterial Infections Including Biofilms. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070877. [PMID: 27399652 PMCID: PMC6274140 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of current infectious diseases are almost untreatable by conventional antibiotic therapy given the advent of multidrug-resistant bacteria. The degree of severity and the persistence of infections are worsened when microorganisms form biofilms. Therefore, efforts are being applied to develop new drugs not as vulnerable as the current ones to bacterial resistance mechanisms, and also able to target bacteria in biofilms. Natural products, especially those obtained from plants, have proven to be outstanding compounds with unique properties, making them perfect candidates for these much-needed therapeutics. This review presents the current knowledge on the potentialities of plant products as antibiotic adjuvants to restore the therapeutic activity of drugs. Further, the difficulties associated with the use of the existing antibiotics in the treatment of biofilm-related infections are described. To counteract the biofilm resistance problems, innovative strategies are suggested based on literature data. Among the proposed strategies, the use of phytochemicals to inhibit or eradicate biofilms is highlighted. An overview on the use of phytochemicals to interfere with bacterial quorum sensing (QS) signaling pathways and underlying phenotypes is provided. The use of phytochemicals as chelating agents and efflux pump inhibitors is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela Borges
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
- CIQUP, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal.
- CECAV-Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apartado 1013, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal.
| | - Ana Cristina Abreu
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
- CECAV-Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apartado 1013, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal.
| | - Carla Dias
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
- CECAV-Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apartado 1013, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal.
| | - Maria José Saavedra
- CECAV-Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apartado 1013, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
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Wolska KI, Grudniak AM, Rudnicka Z, Markowska K. Genetic control of bacterial biofilms. J Appl Genet 2015; 57:225-38. [PMID: 26294280 PMCID: PMC4830867 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-015-0309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nearly all bacterial species, including pathogens, have the ability to form biofilms. Biofilms are defined as structured ecosystems in which microbes are attached to surfaces and embedded in a matrix composed of polysaccharides, eDNA, and proteins, and their development is a multistep process. Bacterial biofilms constitute a large medical problem due to their extremely high resistance to various types of therapeutics, including conventional antibiotics. Several environmental and genetic signals control every step of biofilm development and dispersal. From among the latter, quorum sensing, cyclic diguanosine-5'-monophosphate, and small RNAs are considered as the main regulators. The present review describes the control role of these three regulators in the life cycles of biofilms built by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Vibrio cholerae. The interconnections between their activities are shown. Compounds and strategies which target the activity of these regulators, mainly quorum sensing inhibitors, and their potential role in therapy are also assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna I Wolska
- Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Street, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna M Grudniak
- Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Street, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Rudnicka
- Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Street, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Markowska
- Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Street, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
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Ruer S, Pinotsis N, Steadman D, Waksman G, Remaut H. Virulence-targeted Antibacterials: Concept, Promise, and Susceptibility to Resistance Mechanisms. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:379-99. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ségolène Ruer
- Structural and Molecular Microbiology; Structural Biology Research Center; VIB; Pleinlaan 2 Brussels 1050 Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Pleinlaan 2 Brussels 1050 Belgium
| | - Nikos Pinotsis
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology (ISMB); UCL and Birkbeck College; London WC1E 7HX UK
| | - David Steadman
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research (WIBR); UCL; London WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Gabriel Waksman
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology (ISMB); UCL and Birkbeck College; London WC1E 7HX UK
| | - Han Remaut
- Structural and Molecular Microbiology; Structural Biology Research Center; VIB; Pleinlaan 2 Brussels 1050 Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Pleinlaan 2 Brussels 1050 Belgium
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Scutera S, Zucca M, Savoia D. Novel approaches for the design and discovery of quorum-sensing inhibitors. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 9:353-66. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.894974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Chung PY, Toh YS. Anti-biofilm agents: recent breakthrough against multi-drug resistantStaphylococcus aureus. Pathog Dis 2014; 70:231-9. [DOI: 10.1111/2049-632x.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pooi Y. Chung
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; International Medical University; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Yien S. Toh
- Biomedical Science Program; School of Medicine; International Medical University; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Pereira UA, Barbosa LC, Maltha CR, Demuner AJ, Masood MA, Pimenta AL. γ-Alkylidene-γ-lactones and isobutylpyrrol-2(5 H )-ones analogues to rubrolides as inhibitors of biofilm formation by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:1052-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pande GSJ, Natrah FMI, Sorgeloos P, Bossier P, Defoirdt T. The Vibrio campbellii quorum sensing signals have a different impact on virulence of the bacterium towards different crustacean hosts. Vet Microbiol 2013; 167:540-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Structural effects on persister control by brominated furanones. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:6559-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Romanò CL, Toscano M, Romanò D, Drago L. Antibiofilm agents and implant-related infections in orthopaedics: where are we? J Chemother 2013; 25:67-80. [PMID: 23684354 DOI: 10.1179/1973947812y.0000000045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Orthopaedics is currently the largest market of biomaterials worldwide and implant-related infections, although relatively rare, remain among the first reasons for joint arthroplasty and osteosynthesis failure. Bacteria start implant infection by adhering to biomaterials and producing biofilms, which represent a major reason for bacterial persistence, in spite of antibiotic treatment and host's defence. In the last two decades, a number of different antibiofilm agents have been studied and both in vitro and in vivo results appear now promising, even if their effective role in orthopaedics remains to be assessed. In this review, we introduce an original classification of antibiofilm agents, based on their mechanism of action and examine the available data concerning their possible application to orthopaedic implant-related infections. Molecules that interfere with biofilm production (biofilm prevention agents) include anti-adhesion compounds, quorum sensing inhibitors, non-steroideal anti-inflammatory drugs, and antimicrobial peptides; N-acetylcysteine and specific enzymes promise the greatest therapeutic possibilities by disrupting established biofilms (biofilm disrupting agents). The identification of antimicrobials able to bypass the biofilm barrier (biofilm bypassing agents), and antibiofilm vaccines are further strategies aimed to reduce the impact of biofilm-related infections, opening new pathways in controlling implant-related infections. However, this review shows that still insufficient knowledge is currently available as to regard the efficacy and safety of the investigated antibiofilm strategies to treat infection that involve bone tissue and biomaterials commonly implanted in orthopaedics, pointing out the need for further research in this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo L Romanò
- CRIO Unit, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milan, Italy
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40
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Castillo-Juárez I, García-Contreras R, Velázquez-Guadarrama N, Soto-Hernández M, Martínez-Vázquez M. Amphypterygium adstringens anacardic acid mixture inhibits quorum sensing-controlled virulence factors of Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Arch Med Res 2013; 44:488-94. [PMID: 24126126 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Quorum sensing (QS) is a process of bacterial cell-cell communication that controls a large number of systems affecting pathogenicity. Interrupting this communication system can provide nonvirulent pathogenic bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-quorum sensing (anti-QS) potential of an anacardic acids mixture isolated from Amphipterygium adstringens, a medicinal plant known as "cuachalalate", to prevent the onset of bacterial infections as an alternate to antibiotics. METHODS Initially we investigated the anti-QS activity of A. adstringens hexane extract (HE) by the inhibition of violacein production in Chromobacterium violaceum. From the active HE, an anacardic acid mixture (AAM) was obtained. The anti-quorum sensing activity of AAM was investigated by the rhamnolipid and pyocyanin production constraint as well as decrease of elastase activity, all being quorum sensing-controlled virulence factors expressed in the pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. RESULTS HE induced a 91.6% of inhibition of the violecin production at 55 μg/mL concentration, whereas AAM showed 94% of inhibition at 166 μg/mL. In both cases, inhibition of violacein production did not affect the viability of the bacterium. AAM inhibited pyocyanin (86% at 200 μg/mL) and rhamnolipid (91% at 500 μg/mL) production in a dose/response form and decrease the elastase (75% at 500 μg/mL) activity in P. aeruginosa without affecting its development. CONCLUSIONS Because an anacardic acids mixture isolated from A. adstringens demonstrated anti-QS, it could be further exploited for novel molecules to treat the emerging infections of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens.
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(Z)-4-Bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-3-methylfuran-2(5H)-one sensitizes Escherichia coli persister cells to antibiotics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:9145-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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42
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Controlling persister cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PDO300 by (Z)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-3-methylfuran-2(5H)-one. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4648-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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43
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Gordon CP, Williams P, Chan WC. Attenuating Staphylococcus aureus virulence gene regulation: a medicinal chemistry perspective. J Med Chem 2013; 56:1389-404. [PMID: 23294220 PMCID: PMC3585718 DOI: 10.1021/jm3014635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
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Virulence gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus is tightly regulated by intricate networks of transcriptional regulators
and two-component signal transduction systems. There is now an emerging
body of evidence to suggest that the blockade of S. aureus virulence gene expression significantly attenuates infection in
experimental models. In this Perspective, we will provide insights
into medicinal chemistry strategies for the development of chemical
reagents that have the capacity to inhibit staphylococcal virulence
expression. These reagents can be broadly grouped into four categories:
(1) competitive inhibitors of the accessory gene regulator (agr) quorum sensing system, (2) inhibitors of AgrA–DNA
interactions, (3) RNAIII transcription inhibitors, and (4) inhibitors
of the SarA family of transcriptional regulators. We discuss the potential
of specific examples of antivirulence agents for the management and
treatment of staphylococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Gordon
- School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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44
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Savoia D. Plant-derived antimicrobial compounds: alternatives to antibiotics. Future Microbiol 2013; 7:979-90. [PMID: 22913356 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.12.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of drug-resistant pathogens has drawn the attention of the pharmaceutical and scientific communities towards studies on the potential antimicrobial activity of plant-derived substances, an untapped source of antimicrobial chemotypes, which are used in traditional medicine in different countries. The aim of this review is to provide recent insights regarding the possibilities of the most important natural antimicrobial compounds derived from plant sources containing a wide variety of secondary metabolites, which are useful as alternative strategies to control infectious diseases. This review will focus on natural plant products as a useful source of antimicrobial molecules, active in particular, on bacteria and fungi. When considering that many of these compounds, which have been used for centuries, are a source of new drugs and that there are ever-increasing technical breakthroughs, it can be envisaged that in the next years some different molecules discovered by ingenious screening programs and obtained from different plant oils and extracts will become useful therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianella Savoia
- Department of Clinical & Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
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Stacy DM, Le Quement ST, Hansen CL, Clausen JW, Tolker-Nielsen T, Brummond JW, Givskov M, Nielsen TE, Blackwell HE. Synthesis and biological evaluation of triazole-containing N-acyl homoserine lactones as quorum sensing modulators. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 11:938-54. [PMID: 23258305 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob27155a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many bacterial species are capable of assessing their local population densities through a cell-cell signaling mechanism termed quorum sensing (QS). This intercellular communication process is mediated by small molecule or peptide ligands and their cognate protein receptors. Numerous pathogens use QS to initiate virulence once they achieve a threshold cell number on a host. Consequently, approaches to intercept QS have attracted considerable attention as potential anti-infective therapies. Our interest in the development of small molecule tools to modulate QS pathways motivated us to evaluate triazole-containing analogs of natural N-acyl L-homoserine lactone (AHL) signals as non-native QS agonists and antagonists in Gram-negative bacteria. We synthesized 72 triazole derivatives of five broad structure types in high yields and purities using efficient Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne couplings. These compounds were evaluated for their ability to activate or inhibit two QS receptors from two prevalent pathogens - LasR from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and AbaR from Acinetobacter baumannii- using bacterial reporter strains. Several triazole derivatives were identified that were capable of strongly modulating the activity of LasR and AbaR. These compounds represent a new and synthetically accessible class of AHL analogs, and could find utility as chemical tools to study QS and its role in bacterial virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Stacy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Beeckman DS, De Puysseleyr L, De Puysseleyr K, Vanrompay D. Chlamydial biology and its associated virulence blockers. Crit Rev Microbiol 2012; 40:313-28. [PMID: 23134414 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2012.726210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Chlamydiales are obligate intracellular parasites of eukaryotic cells. They can be distinguished from other Gram-negative bacteria through their characteristic developmental cycle, in addition to special biochemical and physical adaptations to subvert the eukaryotic host cell. The host spectrum includes humans and other mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, insects and even amoeba, causing a plethora of diseases. The first part of this review focuses on the specific chlamydial infection biology and metabolism. As resistance to classical antibiotics is emerging among Chlamydiae as well, the second part elaborates on specific compounds and tools to block chlamydial virulence traits, such as adhesion and internalization, Type III secretion and modulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine S Beeckman
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University , Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent , Belgium
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Kim SG, Yoon YH, Choi JW, Rha KS, Park YH. Effect of furanone on experimentally induced Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation: in vitro study. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 76:1575-8. [PMID: 22884365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of furanone as a quorum sensing inhibitor with an antibiotic agent on experimentally induced Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation in an in vitro model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial cultures on agar plates and induction of biofilm formations were done in four different conditions; P. aeruginosa only (group 1), P. aeruginosa+ciprofloxacin (group 2), P. aeruginosa+furanone (group 3), and P. aeruginosa+furanone+ciprofloxacin (group 4). After biofilm formation on a silicone tympanostomy tube with P. aeruginosa was established, they were treated with ciprofloxacin, furanone, and ciprofloxacin with furanone respectively. All agar plates were processed for colony counts 1 day after incubation, and silicone tympanostomy tubes were observed using scanning electron microscopy 2 days after incubation. Any changes visualized on the biofilm lining the silicone tympanostomy tubes after treatment initiation were evaluated again 2 days after each treatment. RESULTS There was no bacterial growth on the agar plate in group 4 compared to other groups and the formations of a biofilm on the surface of silicone tympanostomy tubes in group 4 were devoid. Little change to the original biofilm overlying the silicone tympanostomy tubes after each treatment was noted. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that furanone may have a role as a QSI and can be helpful in preventing biofilm formation with ciprofloxacin in experimentally induced P. aeruginosa biofilms based on an in vitro model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Gui Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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48
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AI-2 analogs and antibiotics: a synergistic approach to reduce bacterial biofilms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:2627-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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49
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Pan J, Bahar AA, Syed H, Ren D. Reverting antibiotic tolerance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 persister cells by (Z)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-3-methylfuran-2(5H)-one. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45778. [PMID: 23029239 PMCID: PMC3447867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bacteria are well known to form dormant persister cells that are tolerant to most antibiotics. Such intrinsic tolerance also facilitates the development of multidrug resistance through acquired mechanisms. Thus persister cells are a promising target for developing more effective methods to control chronic infections and help prevent the development of multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, control of persister cells is still an unmet challenge. Methodology/Principal Findings We show in this report that (Z)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-3-methylfuran-2(5H)-one (BF8) can restore the antibiotic susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 persister cells at growth non-inhibitory concentrations. Persister control by BF8 was found to be effective against both planktonic and biofilm cells of P. aeruginosa PAO1. Interestingly, although BF8 is an inhibitor of quorum sensing (QS) in Gram-negative bacteria, the data in this study suggest that the activities of BF8 to revert antibiotic tolerance of P. aeruginosa PAO1 persister cells is not through QS inhibition and may involve other targets. Conclusion BF8 can sensitize P. aeruginosa persister cells to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachuan Pan
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Ali Adem Bahar
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Haseeba Syed
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Dacheng Ren
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Defoirdt T, Benneche T, Brackman G, Coenye T, Sorgeloos P, Scheie AA. A quorum sensing-disrupting brominated thiophenone with a promising therapeutic potential to treat luminescent vibriosis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41788. [PMID: 22848604 PMCID: PMC3404956 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is amongst the most important bacterial pathogens in aquaculture. Novel methods to control this pathogen are needed since many strains have acquired resistance to antibiotics. We previously showed that quorum sensing-disrupting furanones are able to protect brine shrimp larvae against vibriosis. However, a major problem of these compounds is that they are toxic toward higher organisms and therefore, they are not safe to be used in aquaculture. The synthesis of brominated thiophenones, sulphur analogues of the quorum sensing-disrupting furanones, has recently been reported. In the present study, we report that these compounds block quorum sensing in V. harveyi at concentrations in the low micromolar range. Bioluminescence experiments with V. harveyi quorum sensing mutants and a fluorescence anisotropy assay indicated that the compounds disrupt quorum sensing in this bacterium by decreasing the ability of the quorum sensing master regulator LuxR to bind to its target promoter DNA. In vivo challenge tests with gnotobiotic brine shrimp larvae showed that thiophenone compound TF310, (Z)-4-((5-(bromomethylene)-2-oxo-2,5-dihydrothiophen-3-yl)methoxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid, completely protected the larvae from V. harveyi BB120 when dosed to the culture water at 2.5 µM or more, whereas severe toxicity was only observed at 250 µM. This makes TF310 showing the highest therapeutic index of all quorum sensing-disrupting compounds tested thus far in our brine shrimp model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Defoirdt
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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