1
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Gouda MA, Shunyakova J, Naing A, Dumbrava E, Hong DS, Yuan Y, Yang P, Myers A, Liang Y, Peng J, Karp D, Tsimberidou AM, Rodon J, Yap TA, Piha-Paul SA, Meric-Bernstam F, Fu S. A phase I study of TAK-659 and paclitaxel in patients with taxane-refractory advanced solid tumors. ESMO Open 2024; 9:103486. [PMID: 38914452 PMCID: PMC11258623 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.103486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paclitaxel resistance limits durability of response in patients with initial clinical benefit. Overexpression of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) has been proposed as a possible resistance mechanism. This phase I trial evaluated the safety and preliminary activity of the SYK inhibitor TAK-659 combined with paclitaxel in patients with advanced taxane-refractory solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with advanced solid tumors and prior progression on taxane-based therapy received intravenous infusion of paclitaxel on days 1, 8, and 15 plus oral TAK-659 daily in 28-day cycles. The dose-escalation phase included six cohorts treated at different dose levels; the dose-expansion phase included patients with ovarian cancer treated at the highest dose level. Toxicity was graded using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Efficacy was evaluated using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1. RESULTS Our study included 49 patients. Maximum tolerated dose was not reached, but higher rates of adverse events were observed at higher dose levels. There were no treatment-related deaths. The most common treatment-related adverse events of any grade were increased aspartate aminotransferase (n = 31; 63%), increased alanine aminotransferase (n = 26; 53%), decreased neutrophil count (n = 26; 53%), and decreased white blood cell count (n = 26; 53%). Most adverse events were either grade 1 or 2. In the 44 patients with evaluable disease, 12 (27%) had stable disease as the best overall response, including three patients with prolonged stable disease, and 4 patients (9%) achieved a partial response. CONCLUSIONS The combination of paclitaxel and TAK-659 showed preliminary activity possibly overcoming resistance to taxane-based therapy as well as a tolerable safety profile in patients with advanced solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Gouda
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - J Shunyakova
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - A Naing
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - E Dumbrava
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - D S Hong
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Y Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - P Yang
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - A Myers
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Y Liang
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - J Peng
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - D Karp
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - A M Tsimberidou
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - J Rodon
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - T A Yap
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - S A Piha-Paul
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - F Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - S Fu
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.
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2
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Wang L, Fang Y, Ma Y, Zhao Z, Ma R, Zhang Y, Qiao Y, Wang X, Zhang Y. A novel natural Syk inhibitor suppresses IgE-mediated mast cell activation and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107320. [PMID: 38569323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) plays a crucial role as a target for allergy treatment due to its involvement in immunoreceptor signaling. The purpose of this study was to identify natural inhibitors of Syk and assess their effects on the IgE-mediated allergic response in mast cells and ICR mice. A list of eight compounds was selected based on pharmacophore and molecular docking, showing potential inhibitory effects through virtual screening. Among these compounds, sophoraflavanone G (SFG) was found to inhibit Syk activity in an enzymatic assay, with an IC50 value of 2.2 μM. To investigate the conformational dynamics of the SYK-SFG system, we performed molecular dynamics simulations. The stability of the binding between SFG and Syk was evaluated using root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF). In RBL-2H3 cells, SFG demonstrated a dose-dependent suppression of IgE/BSA-induced mast cell degranulation, with no significant cytotoxicity observed at concentrations below 10.0 μM within 24 h. Furthermore, SFG reduced the production of TNF-α and IL-4 in RBL-2H3 cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed that SFG inhibited downstream signaling proteins, including phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1), as well as mitogen-activated protein kinases (AKT, Erk1/2, p38, and JNK), in mast cells in a dose-dependent manner. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) experiments demonstrated that SFG could reduce ear swelling, mast cell degranulation, and the expression of COX-2 and IL-4. Overall, our findings identify naturally occurring SFG as a direct inhibitor of Syk that effectively suppresses mast cell degranulation both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine in Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuzhen Fang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine in Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuqing Ma
- Beijing Key Lab of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zixi Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ruonan Ma
- Beijing Key Lab of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yanjiang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Xing Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine in Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
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3
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Akinnusi PA, Olubode SO, Adebesin AO, Alade AA, Nwoke VC, Shodehinde SA. Optimal molecular binding data and pharmacokinetic profiles of novel potential triple-action inhibitors of chymase, spleen tyrosine kinase, and prostaglandin D2 receptor in the treatment of asthma. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:113. [PMID: 37947895 PMCID: PMC10638233 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00577-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic and complex pulmonary condition that affects the airways. A total of 250,000 asthma-related deaths are recorded annually and several proteins including chymase, spleen tyrosine kinase, and prostaglandin D2 receptor have been implicated in the pathophysiology of asthma. Different anti-inflammatory drugs have been developed for the treatment of asthma, particularly corticosteroids, but the associated adverse reactions cannot be overlooked. It is therefore of interest to identify and develop small molecule inhibitors of the integral proteins associated with asthma that have very little or no side effects. Herein, a molecular modeling approach was employed to screen the bioactive compounds in Chromolaena odorata and identify compounds with high binding affinity to the protein targets. RESULTS Five compounds were identified after rigorous and precise molecular screening namely (-)-epicatechin, chlorogenic acid, ombuine, quercetagetin, and quercetin 3-O-rutinoside. These compounds generally showed impressive binding to all the targets understudy. However, chlorogenic acid, quercetagetin, and quercetin 3-O-rutinoside showed better prospects in terms of triple-action inhibition. Further pulmonary and oral pharmacokinetics showed positive results for all the reported compounds. The generated pharmacophore model showed hydrogen bond donor, hydrogen bond acceptor, and aromatic rings as basic structural features required for triple action inhibition. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that these compounds could be explored as triple-action inhibitors of the protein targets. They are, therefore, recommended for further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Victor Chinedu Nwoke
- Department of Biochemistry, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
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4
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Prajapati P, Doshi G. An Update on the Emerging Role of Wnt/β-catenin, SYK, PI3K/AKT, and GM-CSF Signaling Pathways in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:1298-1316. [PMID: 38083893 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501276093231206064243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an untreatable autoimmune disorder. The disease is accompanied by joint impairment and anomalies, which negatively affect the patient's quality of life and contribute to a decline in manpower. To diagnose and treat rheumatoid arthritis, it is crucial to understand the abnormal signaling pathways that contribute to the disease. This understanding will help develop new rheumatoid arthritis-related intervention targets. Over the last few decades, researchers have given more attention to rheumatoid arthritis. The current review seeks to provide a detailed summary of rheumatoid arthritis, highlighting the basic description of the disease, past occurrences, the study of epidemiology, risk elements, and the process of disease progression, as well as the key scientific development of the disease condition and multiple signaling pathways and enumerating the most current advancements in discovering new rheumatoid arthritis signaling pathways and rheumatoid arthritis inhibitors. This review emphasizes the anti-rheumatoid effects of these inhibitors [for the Wnt/β-catenin, Phosphoinositide 3-Kinases (PI3K/AKT), Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (SYK), and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) signaling pathways], illustrating their mechanism of action through a literature search, current therapies, and novel drugs under pre-clinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradyuman Prajapati
- SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Gaurav Doshi
- SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
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5
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Xie Z, Yang X, Duan Y, Han J, Liao C. Small-Molecule Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Nononcologic Diseases. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1283-1345. [PMID: 33481605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Great successes have been achieved in developing small-molecule kinase inhibitors as anticancer therapeutic agents. However, kinase deregulation plays essential roles not only in cancer but also in almost all major disease areas. Accumulating evidence has revealed that kinases are promising drug targets for different diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, central nervous system disorders, viral infections, and malaria. Indeed, the first small-molecule kinase inhibitor for treatment of a nononcologic disease was approved in 2011 by the U.S. FDA. To date, 10 such inhibitors have been approved, and more are in clinical trials for applications other than cancer. This Perspective discusses a number of kinases and their small-molecule inhibitors for the treatment of diseases in nononcologic therapeutic fields. The opportunities and challenges in developing such inhibitors are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouling Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jihong Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chenzhong Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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6
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Schwaid AG, Spencer KB. Strategies for Targeting the NLRP3 Inflammasome in the Clinical and Preclinical Space. J Med Chem 2020; 64:101-122. [PMID: 33351619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome mediates inflammation in an extensive number of preclinical models. As excitement in this field has grown, several companies have recently initiated testing of direct NLRP3 inhibitors in the clinic. At the same time, the NLRP3 inflammasome is part of a larger pro-inflammatory pathway, whose modulation is also being explored. Multiple targets in this pathway are already impinged upon by molecules that have been through clinical trials. These data, informed by the growing mechanistic understanding of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the preclinical space, provide a rich backdrop to assess the current state of the field. Here we explore attempts to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome in light of clinical and preclinical data around efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Schwaid
- Chemical Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Kerrie B Spencer
- Chemical Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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7
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Barlaam B, Boiko S, Boyd S, Dry H, Gingipalli L, Ikeda T, Johnson T, Kawatkar S, Lorthioir O, Pike A, Pollard H, Read J, Su Q, Wang H, Wang H, Wang L, Wang P, Edmondson SD. Novel potent and selective pyrazolylpyrimidine-based SYK inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127523. [PMID: 32877741 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Hybridisation of amino-pyrimidine based SYK inhibitors (e.g. 1a) with previously reported diamine-based SYK inhibitors (e.g. TAK-659) led to the identification and optimisation of a novel pyrimidine-based series of potent and selective SYK inhibitors, where the original aminomethylene group was replaced by a 3,4-diaminotetrahydropyran group. The initial compound 5 achieved excellent SYK potency. However, it suffered from poor permeability and modest kinase selectivity. Further modifications of the 3,4-diaminotetrahydropyran group were identified and the interactions of those groups with Asp512 were characterised by protein X-ray crystallography. Further optimisation of this series saw mixed results where permeability and kinase selectivity were increased and oral bioavailability was achieved in the series, but at the expense of potent hERG inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott Boiko
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Scott Boyd
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Dry
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Timothy Ikeda
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tony Johnson
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Andy Pike
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Pollard
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Read
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Qibin Su
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Haiyun Wang
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Huimin Wang
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Lianghe Wang
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., 6 Taihe Road BDA, Beijing 100176, PR China
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8
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Kawatkar SP, Barlaam B, Kemmitt P, Simpson I, Watson D, Wang P, Lamont S, Su Q, Boiko S, Ikeda T, Patel J, Pike A, Pollard H, Read J, Sarkar U, Wang H, Wen Q, Yan Z, Dowling JE, Dry H, Edmondson SD. Identification of a novel series of azabenzimidazole-derived inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127393. [PMID: 32721854 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (SYK) is a well-studied enzyme with therapeutic applications in oncology and autoimmune diseases. We identified an azabenzimidazole (ABI) series of SYK inhibitors by mining activity data of 86,000 compounds from legacy biochemical assays with SYK and other homologous kinases as target enzymes. A structure-based design and hybridization approach was then used to improve the potency and kinase selectivity of the hits. Lead compound 23 from this novel ABI series has a SYK IC50 = 0.21 nM in a biochemical assay and inhibits growth of SUDHL-4 cells at a GI50 = 210 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Kemmitt
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Iain Simpson
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Watson
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peng Wang
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., Taihe Road BDA, Beijing, 100176, PR China
| | - Scott Lamont
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Qibin Su
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Scott Boiko
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Timothy Ikeda
- R&D Oncology, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Patel
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andy Pike
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Pollard
- R&D Oncology, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Read
- R&D Oncology, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ujjal Sarkar
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Haiyun Wang
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Quanshan Wen
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., Taihe Road BDA, Beijing, 100176, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Yan
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., Taihe Road BDA, Beijing, 100176, PR China
| | | | - Hannah Dry
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States
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9
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Blomgren P, Chandrasekhar J, Di Paolo JA, Fung W, Geng G, Ip C, Jones R, Kropf JE, Lansdon EB, Lee S, Lo JR, Mitchell SA, Murray B, Pohlmeyer C, Schmitt A, Suekawa-Pirrone K, Wise S, Xiong JM, Xu J, Yu H, Zhao Z, Currie KS. Discovery of Lanraplenib (GS-9876): A Once-Daily Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for Autoimmune Diseases. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:506-513. [PMID: 32292557 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a critical regulator of signaling in a variety of immune cell types such as B-cells, monocytes, and macrophages. Accordingly, there have been numerous efforts to identify compounds that selectively inhibit SYK as a means to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. We previously disclosed GS-9973 (entospletinib) as a selective SYK inhibitor that is under clinical evaluation in hematological malignancies. However, a BID dosing regimen and drug interaction with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) prevented development of entospletinib in inflammatory diseases. Herein, we report the discovery of a second-generation SYK inhibitor, GS-9876 (lanraplenib), which has human pharmacokinetic properties suitable for once-daily administration and is devoid of any interactions with PPI. Lanraplenib is currently under clinical evaluation in multiple autoimmune indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Blomgren
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | | | - Julie A. Di Paolo
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Wanchi Fung
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Guoju Geng
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Carmen Ip
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Randall Jones
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Jeffrey E. Kropf
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Eric B. Lansdon
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Seung Lee
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Jennifer R. Lo
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Scott A. Mitchell
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Bernard Murray
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Chris Pohlmeyer
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Aaron Schmitt
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | | | - Sarah Wise
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Jin-Ming Xiong
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Jianjun Xu
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Helen Yu
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Zhongdong Zhao
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
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10
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Wang C, Wang X, Li Y, Wang T, Huang Z, Qin Z, Yang S, Xiang R, Fan Y. Design and optimization of orally spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitors for treatment of solid tumor. Bioorg Chem 2020; 95:103547. [PMID: 31911307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As the aim to discover orally SYK inhibitors for solid tumor treatment, a series of novel derivatives based on imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine scaffold were designed, synthesized and evaluated. Structure-activity relationship study of both enzymatic and cellular assays led to the identification of compound 12f. The novel SYK inhibitor 12f showed potent antitumor activity against solid tumors with favorable drug-like properties of lipophilicity and solubility. 12f could induce cell apoptosis of ovarian and lung cancer cell lines. In SKOV3 xenograft mouse model, oral administration of 12f led to significant tumour regression without obvious toxicity. 12f improved the limited response of traditional SYK inhibitors in solid tumors in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, this compound may act as a promising lead compound for further development of new SYK inhibitors for solid tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China; 2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China; 2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhongxiang Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China; 2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China; 2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
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11
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Wu J, Zhu Z, Yu Q, Ding C. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: phase I to Ⅱ clinical trials. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:1113-1123. [PMID: 31738612 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1692812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, refractory disorder caused by autoimmunity in the synovial joints. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biologicals offer remission in only two-thirds of RA patients within 3 months, hence new therapeutic approaches are necessary. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are newly developed small molecule drugs which have demonstrated encouraging results in this disease.Areas covered: The key findings from phase I and II clinical trials that have investigated the use of novel TKIs in the treatment of RA are discussed. We examined the literature published between January 2014 to January 2019 using electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar. Additional information about phase I and II trials on the ClinicalTrial.gov website up to January 2019 was also retrieved.Expert opinion: JAK inhibitors are promising drugs with sound efficacy and acceptable safety and may be beneficial to patients who do not respond to DMARDs and biologicals. The response rates among RA patients to TKIs are diverse; genetic and environmental factors may be involved in the varying responses which are closely related to the pathogenesis of RA. Future studies may reveal the underlying mechanisms of resistance and non-response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaohua Zhu
- Clinical Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghong Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changhai Ding
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Clinical Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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12
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Ganjoo A, Prabhakar C. In silico structural anatomization of spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Pharmacophore modeling, 3D QSAR analysis and molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Mansueto MS, Reens A, Rakhilina L, Chi A, Pan BS, Miller JR. A reevaluation of the spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) activation mechanism. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7658-7668. [PMID: 30923129 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a signaling node in many immune pathways and comprises two tandem Src homology (SH) 2 domains, an SH2-kinase linker, and a C-terminal tyrosine kinase domain. Two prevalent models of SYK activation exist. The "OR-gate" model contends that SYK can be fully activated by phosphorylation or binding of its SH2 domains to a dual-phosphorylated immune-receptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ppITAM). An alternative model proposes that SYK activation requires ppITAM binding and phosphorylation of the SH2-kinase linker by a SRC family kinase such as LYN proto-oncogene, SRC family tyrosine kinase (LYN). To evaluate these two models, we generated directly comparable unphosphorylated (upSYK) and phosphorylated (pSYK) proteins with or without an N-terminal glutathione S-transferase (GST) tag, resulting in monomeric or obligatory dimeric SYK, respectively. We assessed the ability of a ppITAM peptide and LYN to activate these SYK proteins. The ppITAM peptide strongly activated GST-SYK but was less effective in activating upSYK untagged with GST. LYN alone activated untagged upSYK to a greater extent than did ppITAM, and inclusion of both proteins rapidly and fully activated upSYK. Using immunoblot and phosphoproteomic approaches, we correlated the kinetics and order of site-specific SYK phosphorylation. Our results are consistent with the alternative model, indicating that ppITAM binding primes SYK for rapid LYN-mediated phosphorylation of Tyr-352 and then Tyr-348 of the SH2-kinase linker, which facilitates activation loop phosphorylation and full SYK activation. This gradual activation mechanism may also explain how SYK maintains ligand-independent tonic signaling, important for B-cell development and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - An Chi
- Chemical Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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14
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Tabeling C, Herbert J, Hocke AC, Lamb DJ, Wollin SL, Erb KJ, Boiarina E, Movassagh H, Scheffel J, Doehn JM, Hippenstiel S, Maurer M, Gounni AS, Kuebler WM, Suttorp N, Witzenrath M. Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibition blocks airway constriction and protects from Th2-induced airway inflammation and remodeling. Allergy 2017; 72:1061-1072. [PMID: 27906453 DOI: 10.1111/all.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is an intracellular nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, which has been implicated as central immune modulator promoting allergic airway inflammation. Syk inhibition has been proposed as a new therapeutic approach in asthma. However, the direct effects of Syk inhibition on airway constriction independent of allergen sensitization remain elusive. METHODS Spectral confocal microscopy of human and murine lung tissue was performed to localize Syk expression. The effects of prophylactic or therapeutic Syk inhibition on allergic airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling were analyzed in allergen-sensitized and airway-challenged mice. The effects of Syk inhibitors BAY 61-3606 or BI 1002494 on airway function were investigated in isolated lungs of wild-type, PKCα-deficient, mast cell-deficient, or eNOS-deficient mice. RESULTS Spleen tyrosine kinase expression was found in human and murine airway smooth muscle cells. Syk inhibition reduced allergic airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and pulmonary collagen deposition. In naïve mice, Syk inhibition diminished airway responsiveness independently of mast cells, or PKCα or eNOS expression and rapidly reversed established bronchoconstriction independently of NO. Simultaneous inhibition of Syk and PKC revealed additive dilatory effects, whereas combined inhibition of Syk and rho kinase or Syk and p38 MAPK did not cause additive bronchodilation. CONCLUSIONS Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibition directly attenuates airway smooth muscle cell contraction independent of its protective immunomodulatory effects on allergic airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling. Syk mediates bronchoconstriction in a NO-independent manner, presumably via rho kinase and p38 MAPK, and Syk inhibition might present a promising therapeutic approach in chronic asthma as well as acute asthma attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Tabeling
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - J. Herbert
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - A. C. Hocke
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - D. J. Lamb
- Respiratory Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; Biberach Germany
| | - S. L. Wollin
- Respiratory Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; Biberach Germany
| | - K. J. Erb
- Respiratory Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; Biberach Germany
| | - E. Boiarina
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - H. Movassagh
- Department of Immunology; University of Manitoba; Winnipeg MB Canada
| | - J. Scheffel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - J. M. Doehn
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - S. Hippenstiel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - M. Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - A. S. Gounni
- Department of Immunology; University of Manitoba; Winnipeg MB Canada
| | - W. M. Kuebler
- Department of Physiology; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Departments of Physiology and Surgery; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - N. Suttorp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
| | - M. Witzenrath
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Biberach Germany
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15
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Németh T, Virtic O, Sitaru C, Mócsai A. The Syk Tyrosine Kinase Is Required for Skin Inflammation in an In Vivo Mouse Model of Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:2131-2139. [PMID: 28576735 PMCID: PMC5624865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The inflammatory form of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita is caused by autoantibodies against type VII collagen (C7), a component of the dermal-epidermal junction. We have previously shown that myeloid Src family kinases mediate skin inflammation triggered by anti-C7 antibodies. Here we identify the Syk tyrosine kinase as a critical component of autoantibody-induced skin inflammation downstream of Src family kinases. Immobilized C7–anti-C7 immune complexes triggered neutrophil activation and Syk phosphorylation in a Src family kinase-dependent manner. Bone marrow chimeric mice lacking Syk in their hematopoietic compartment were completely protected from skin inflammation triggered by anti-C7 antibodies despite normal circulating anti-C7 levels. Syk deficiency abrogated the accumulation of CXCL2, IL-1β, and leukotriene B4 at the site of inflammation and resulted in defective in vivo neutrophil recruitment. Syk–/– neutrophils had a normal intrinsic migratory capacity but failed to release CXCL2 or leukotriene B4 upon activation by immobilized C7–anti-C7 immune complexes, indicating a role for Syk in the amplification of the inflammation process. These results identify Syk as a critical component of skin inflammation in a mouse model of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita and as a potential therapeutic target in epidermolysis bullosa acquisita and other mechanistically related inflammatory skin diseases such as bullous pemphigoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Németh
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Oana Virtic
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cassian Sitaru
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Attila Mócsai
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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16
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Barnes PJ. Kinases as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2017; 68:788-815. [PMID: 27363440 DOI: 10.1124/pr.116.012518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple kinases play a critical role in orchestrating the chronic inflammation and structural changes in the respiratory tract of patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Kinases activate signaling pathways that lead to contraction of airway smooth muscle and release of inflammatory mediators (such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors) as well as cell migration, activation, and proliferation. For this reason there has been great interest in the development of kinase inhibitors as anti-inflammatory therapies, particular where corticosteroids are less effective, as in severe asthma and COPD. However, it has proven difficult to develop selective kinase inhibitors that are both effective and safe after oral administration and this has led to a search for inhaled kinase inhibitors, which would reduce systemic exposure. Although many kinases have been implicated in inflammation and remodeling of airway disease, very few classes of drug have reached the stage of clinical studies in these diseases. The most promising drugs are p38 MAP kinases, isoenzyme-selective PI3-kinases, Janus-activated kinases, and Syk-kinases, and inhaled formulations of these drugs are now in development. There has also been interest in developing inhibitors that block more than one kinase, because these drugs may be more effective and with less risk of losing efficacy with time. No kinase inhibitors are yet on the market for the treatment of airway diseases, but as kinase inhibitors are improved from other therapeutic areas there is hope that these drugs may eventually prove useful in treating refractory asthma and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Barnes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Sisquella X, Nebl T, Thompson JK, Whitehead L, Malpede BM, Salinas ND, Rogers K, Tolia NH, Fleig A, O'Neill J, Tham WH, David Horgen F, Cowman AF. Plasmodium falciparum ligand binding to erythrocytes induce alterations in deformability essential for invasion. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28226242 PMCID: PMC5333951 DOI: 10.7554/elife.21083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The most lethal form of malaria in humans is caused by Plasmodium falciparum. These parasites invade erythrocytes, a complex process involving multiple ligand-receptor interactions. The parasite makes initial contact with the erythrocyte followed by dramatic deformations linked to the function of the Erythrocyte binding antigen family and P. falciparum reticulocyte binding-like families. We show EBA-175 mediates substantial changes in the deformability of erythrocytes by binding to glycophorin A and activating a phosphorylation cascade that includes erythrocyte cytoskeletal proteins resulting in changes in the viscoelastic properties of the host cell. TRPM7 kinase inhibitors FTY720 and waixenicin A block the changes in the deformability of erythrocytes and inhibit merozoite invasion by directly inhibiting the phosphorylation cascade. Therefore, binding of P. falciparum parasites to the erythrocyte directly activate a signaling pathway through a phosphorylation cascade and this alters the viscoelastic properties of the host membrane conditioning it for successful invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Sisquella
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Thomas Nebl
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jennifer K Thompson
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Lachlan Whitehead
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Brian M Malpede
- Molecular Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, United States.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, United States
| | - Nichole D Salinas
- Molecular Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, United States.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, United States
| | - Kelly Rogers
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Niraj H Tolia
- Molecular Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, United States.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, United States
| | - Andrea Fleig
- The Queen's Medical Center and John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, United States
| | - Joseph O'Neill
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Wai-Hong Tham
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - F David Horgen
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, United States
| | - Alan F Cowman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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18
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Lam B, Arikawa Y, Cramlett J, Dong Q, de Jong R, Feher V, Grimshaw CE, Farrell PJ, Hoffman ID, Jennings A, Jones B, Matuszkiewicz J, Miura J, Miyake H, Natala SR, Shi L, Takahashi M, Taylor E, Wyrick C, Yano J, Zalevsky J, Nie Z. Discovery of TAK-659 an orally available investigational inhibitor of Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (SYK). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5947-5950. [PMID: 27839918 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (SYK) is a non-receptor cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that is primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells. SYK is a key mediator for a variety of inflammatory cells, including B cells, mast cells, macrophages and neutrophils and therefore, an attractive approach for treatment of both inflammatory diseases and oncology indications. Using in house co-crystal structure information, and structure-based drug design, we designed and optimized a novel series of heteroaromatic pyrrolidinone SYK inhibitors resulting in the selection of the development candidate TAK-659. TAK-659 is currently undergoing Phase I clinical trials for advanced solid tumor and lymphoma malignancies, a Phase Ib study in advanced solid tumors in combination with nivolumab, and PhIb/II trials for relapsed/refractory AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Lam
- Takeda California, Inc., 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Yasuyoshi Arikawa
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Joshua Cramlett
- PolyScientific Consulting Inc., 4624 Aragon Dr, San Diego, CA 92115, USA
| | - Qing Dong
- FronThera US Pharmaceuticals, 11526 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite D, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Ron de Jong
- Takeda California, Inc., 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Victoria Feher
- Schrödinger, Inc., 5820 Oberlin Drive, Ste. 203, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Charles E Grimshaw
- Takeda California, Inc., 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Pamela J Farrell
- Takeda California, Inc., 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Isaac D Hoffman
- Takeda California, Inc., 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Andy Jennings
- Takeda California, Inc., 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Benjamin Jones
- Takeda California, Inc., 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Jennifer Matuszkiewicz
- Celgene Quanticel Research, 9393 Towne Center Drive, Suite 110, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Joanne Miura
- Takeda California, Inc., 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Hiroshi Miyake
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | | | - Lihong Shi
- Celgene Quanticel Research, 9393 Towne Center Drive, Suite 110, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Masashi Takahashi
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Ewan Taylor
- Takeda California, Inc., 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Corey Wyrick
- Takeda California, Inc., 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Jason Yano
- Beryllium Discovery, 3 Preston Ct., Bedford, MA 01730, USA
| | - Jonathan Zalevsky
- Nektar Therapeutics, 455 Mission Bay Boulevard South, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Zhe Nie
- Celgene Quanticel Research, 9393 Towne Center Drive, Suite 110, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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19
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Optimisation of a novel series of potent and orally bioavailable azanaphthyridine SYK inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4606-4612. [PMID: 27578246 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The optimisation of the azanaphthyridine series of Spleen Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors is described. The medicinal chemistry strategy was focused on optimising the human whole blood activity whilst achieving a sufficient margin over hERG activity. A good pharmacokinetic profile was achieved by modification of the pKa. Morpholine compound 32 is a potent SYK inhibitor showing moderate selectivity, good oral bioavailability and good efficacy in the rat Arthus model but demonstrated a genotoxic potential in the Ames assay.
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20
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Ma TKW, McAdoo SP, Tam FWK. Spleen Tyrosine Kinase: A Crucial Player and Potential Therapeutic Target in Renal Disease. Nephron Clin Pract 2016; 133:261-9. [PMID: 27476075 DOI: 10.1159/000446879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), a 72 kDa cytoplasmic non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase, plays an important role in signal transduction in a variety of cell types. Ever since its discovery in the early 1990s, there has been accumulating evidence to suggest a pathogenic role of Syk in various allergic disorders, autoimmune diseases and malignancies. Additionally, there is emerging data from both pre-clinical and clinical studies that Syk is implicated in the pathogenesis of proliferative glomerulonephritis (GN), including anti-glomerular basement membrane disease, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated GN, lupus nephritis and immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). Moreover, recent animal studies have shed light on the importance of Syk in mediating acute renal allograft rejection, Epstein Barr virus-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease and kidney fibrosis. Fostamatinib, an oral Syk inhibitor, has undergone clinical testing in rheumatoid arthritis, refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura, leukemia and lymphoma. The recent STOP-IgAN trial showed that the addition of non-selective immunosuppressive therapy to intensive supportive care did not improve clinical outcomes in high-risk IgAN patients. A Syk-targeted approach may be beneficial and is currently being evaluated in a phase II randomized controlled trial. In this review, we will discuss the pathogenic role of Syk and potential use of Syk inhibitor in a variety of renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry King-Wing Ma
- Renal and Vascular Inflammation Section, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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21
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Matsuda Y, Wang X, Oishi H, Guan Z, Saito M, Liu M, Keshavjee S, Chow CW. Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Modulates Fibrous Airway Obliteration and Associated Lymphoid Neogenesis After Transplantation. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:342-52. [PMID: 26308240 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lung allograft dysfunction, the major cause of death following lung transplantation, usually manifests as irreversible airflow obstruction associated with obliterative bronchiolitis (OB), a lesion characterized by chronic inflammation, lymphoid neogenesis, fibroproliferation and small airway obliteration. Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), a tyrosine kinase that regulates B cell function and innate immunity, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation and tissue repair. This study evaluated the role of Syk in development of OB, using an intrapulmonary tracheal transplant model of OB with the conditional Syk-knockout Syk(flox/flox) //rosa26-CreER(T2) mice and a Syk-selective inhibitor, GSK2230413. BALB/c trachea allografts were transplanted into Syk-knockout (Syk(del/del) ) mice or wild-type C57BL/6 recipients treated with GSK2230413. At day 28, histological analysis revealed that in the Syk(del/del) and GSK2230413-treated C57BL/6 recipients, the graft lumen remained open compared with allografts transplanted into Syk-expressing (Syk(flox/flox) ) and placebo control-treated C57BL/6 recipients. Immunofluorescence showed lymphoid neogenesis with distinct B and T cell zones in control mice. In contrast, lymphoid neogenesis was absent and few B or T cells were found in Syk(del/del) and GSK2230413-treated mice. These observations suggest that inhibition of Syk may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the management of OB following lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Matsuda
- The Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - X Wang
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - H Oishi
- The Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Z Guan
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - M Saito
- The Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - M Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Keshavjee
- The Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - C-W Chow
- The Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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22
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Martiny VY, Martz F, Selwa E, Iorga BI. Blind Pose Prediction, Scoring, and Affinity Ranking of the CSAR 2014 Dataset. J Chem Inf Model 2015; 56:996-1003. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Y. Martiny
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, LabEx LERMIT, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department
of Nephrology and Dialysis, AP-HP, Tenon Hospital, INSERM UMR_S 1155, 75020 Paris, France
| | - François Martz
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, LabEx LERMIT, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Edithe Selwa
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, LabEx LERMIT, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bogdan I. Iorga
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, LabEx LERMIT, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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23
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Norman P. Respivert's multikinase inhibitors, an evaluation of WO2014033446 to WO2014033449. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2015; 24:1397-407. [PMID: 25407284 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.967213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
These four patent applications all claim that N-aryl-N'-pyrazol-5-yl urea derivatives , related to RV-568, which are inhibitors of p38, Syk and Src kinases. All four applications claim their use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, notably asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The four applications are primarily differentiated by the claimed substitution of the pyrazole ring. This is accompanied by differential kinase specificity profiles. Many of the exemplified compounds show reduced potency as p38 inhibitors but high potency as inhibitors of Syk and/or Src kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Norman
- Norman Consulting , 18 Pink Lane, Burnham, Bucks SL1 8JW , UK
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Thoma G, Veenstra S, Strang R, Blanz J, Vangrevelinghe E, Berghausen J, Lee CC, Zerwes HG. Orally bioavailable Syk inhibitors with activity in a rat PK/PD model. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:4642-7. [PMID: 26320624 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Design and optimization of benzo- and pyrido-thiazoles/isothiazoles are reported leading to the discovery of the potent, orally bioavailable Syk inhibitor 5, which was found to be active in a rat PK/PD model. Compound 5 showed acceptable overall kinase selectivity. However, in addition to Syk it also inhibited Aurora kinase in enzymatic and cellular settings leading to findings in the micronucleus assay. As a consequence, compound 5 was not further pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gebhard Thoma
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Siem Veenstra
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ross Strang
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joachim Blanz
- Analytical Sciences & Imaging, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eric Vangrevelinghe
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Berghausen
- Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian C Lee
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Hans-Günter Zerwes
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation Research, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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25
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Glossop P, Whitlock G, Gibson K. Small-molecule anti-inflammatory drug compositions for the treatment of asthma: a patent review (2013 - 2014). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2015; 25:743-54. [PMID: 25972122 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2015.1041923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is a chronic condition affecting 235 million people worldwide, with prevalence continuing to increase. A significant number of patients have poorly controlled asthma but despite this, a new mechanistic class of small-molecule asthma therapy has not emerged over the past 15 years. AREAS COVERED In this article, the authors review the published patent literature from 2013 to 2014 that describes the discovery of novel small-molecule anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of asthma. This patent analysis was performed using multiple search engines including SciFinder and Free Patents Online. EXPERT OPINION This review highlights that significant research is still directed towards the development of novel anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of asthma. Current standard-of-care therapies are given topically to the lung via an inhaled dose, which the authors believe can offer significant advantages in terms of efficacy and therapeutic index, compared with an oral dose. Several of the patents reviewed disclose preferred compounds and data that suggest an inhaled approach is being specifically pursued. The patents reviewed target a wide range of inflammatory pathways, although none have yet delivered an approved novel medicine for asthma; this gives an indication of both the opportunity and challenge involved in such an endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Glossop
- Sandexis Medicinal Chemistry Ltd , Innovation House, Discovery Park, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent, CT13 9ND , UK +44 0 1304 892369 ;
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26
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Thoma G, Smith AB, van Eis MJ, Vangrevelinghe E, Blanz J, Aichholz R, Littlewood-Evans A, Lee CC, Liu H, Zerwes HG. Discovery and Profiling of a Selective and Efficacious Syk Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2015; 58:1950-63. [DOI: 10.1021/jm5018863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christian C. Lee
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Hong Liu
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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27
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Small-molecule inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase as therapeutic agents for immune disorders: will promise meet expectations? Future Med Chem 2014; 6:1811-27. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.14.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Following on the heels of the US FDA approval of tofacitinib (Xeljanz, Pfizer, USA), an inhibitor of the JAK family members, and ibrutinib (Imbruvica, Janssen, Belgium), an inhibitor of BTK, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, respectively, there is now renewed interest in the biopharmaceutical industry in the development of orally active small-molecule agents targeting key protein kinases implicated in immune regulation. One such ‘immunokinase’ target is SYK, a non-receptor tyrosine protein kinase critical for transducing intracellular signaling cascades for various immune recognition receptors, such as the B-cell receptor and the Fc receptor. Here, we review and discuss the progress and challenges in the development of small-molecule inhibitors of SYK and their potential as a new class of disease-modifying immunosuppressive agents for certain inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
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