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Anticipating New Treatments for Cystic Fibrosis: A Global Survey of Researchers. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051283. [PMID: 35268374 PMCID: PMC8911007 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is a life-threatening disease that affects at least 100,000 people worldwide. It is caused by a defect in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) gene and presently, 360 CFTR-causing mutations have been identified. Since the discovery of the CFTR gene, the expectation of developing treatments that can substantially increase the quality of life or even cure cystic fibrosis patients is growing. Yet, it is still uncertain today which developing treatments will be successful against cystic fibrosis. This study addresses this gap by assessing the opinions of over 524 cystic fibrosis researchers who participated in a global web-based survey. For most respondents, CFTR modulator therapies are the most likely to succeed in treating cystic fibrosis in the next 15 years, especially through the use of CFTR modulator combinations. Most respondents also believe that fixing or replacing the CFTR gene will lead to a cure for cystic fibrosis within 15 years, with CRISPR-Cas9 being the most likely genetic tool for this purpose.
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Systems Biology and Bile Acid Signalling in Microbiome-Host Interactions in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10070766. [PMID: 34202495 PMCID: PMC8300688 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the respiratory microbiota has revealed that the lungs of healthy and diseased individuals harbour distinct microbial communities. Imbalances in these communities can contribute to the pathogenesis of lung disease. How these imbalances occur and establish is largely unknown. This review is focused on the genetically inherited condition of Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Understanding the microbial and host-related factors that govern the establishment of chronic CF lung inflammation and pathogen colonisation is essential. Specifically, dissecting the interplay in the inflammation–pathogen–host axis. Bile acids are important host derived and microbially modified signal molecules that have been detected in CF lungs. These bile acids are associated with inflammation and restructuring of the lung microbiota linked to chronicity. This community remodelling involves a switch in the lung microbiota from a high biodiversity/low pathogen state to a low biodiversity/pathogen-dominated state. Bile acids are particularly associated with the dominance of Proteobacterial pathogens. The ability of bile acids to impact directly on both the lung microbiota and the host response offers a unifying principle underpinning the pathogenesis of CF. The modulating role of bile acids in lung microbiota dysbiosis and inflammation could offer new potential targets for designing innovative therapeutic approaches for respiratory disease.
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Smirnikhina SA, Kondrateva EV, Adilgereeva EP, Anuchina AA, Zaynitdinova MI, Slesarenko YS, Ershova AS, Ustinov KD, Yasinovsky MI, Amelina EL, Voronina ES, Yakushina VD, Tabakov VY, Lavrov AV. P.F508del editing in cells from cystic fibrosis patients. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242094. [PMID: 33175893 PMCID: PMC7657551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of genome editing methods created new opportunities for the development of etiology-based therapies of hereditary diseases. Here, we demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9 can correct p.F508del mutation in the CFTR gene in the CFTE29o- cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). We used several combinations of Cas9, sgRNA and ssODN and measured editing efficiency in the endogenous CFTR gene and in the co-transfected plasmid containing the CFTR locus with the p.F508del mutation. The non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) frequency in the CFTR gene in the CFTE29o- cells varied from 1.25% to 2.54% of alleles. The best homology-directed repair (HDR) frequency in the endogenous CFTR locus was 1.42% of alleles. In iPSCs, the NHEJ frequency in the CFTR gene varied from 5.5% to 12.13% of alleles. The best HDR efficacy was 2.38% of alleles. Our results show that p.F508del mutation editing using CRISPR/Cas9 in CF patient-derived iPSCs is a relatively rare event and subsequent cell selection and cultivation should be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana A. Smirnikhina
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation
- * E-mail:
| | - Ekaterina V. Kondrateva
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elmira P. Adilgereeva
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Arina A. Anuchina
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Yana S. Slesarenko
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Angelina S. Ershova
- Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Kirill D. Ustinov
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Matvei I. Yasinovsky
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena L. Amelina
- Laboratory of Cystic Fibrosis, Research Institute of Pulmonology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina S. Voronina
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valentina D. Yakushina
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vyacheslav Yu. Tabakov
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V. Lavrov
- Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Dhooghe B, Bouzin C, Mottais A, Hermans E, Delion M, Panin N, Noel S, Leal T. Vardenafil increases intracellular accumulation of the most prevalent mutant cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CTFR) in human bronchial epithelial cells. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio053116. [PMID: 32747447 PMCID: PMC7473651 DOI: 10.1242/bio.053116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease characterized by progressive lung and chronic digestive manifestations. We have shown that therapeutic doses of vardenafil, a phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, corrects CF Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR)-dependent chloride transport in respiratory and intestinal tissues of F508del homozygous mice. Here, we studied the effect of vardenafil on CFTR in 16HBE14o- and CFBE41o- cell lines. First, the expression levels of PDE5 mRNA in these cell lines were monitored. The two cell lines were exposed to different drugs (dimethyl sulfoxide, 8-Br-cGMP, forskolin or vardenafil). The cAMP and cGMP intracellular concentrations were measured. Finally, we localised the CFTR by immunolabelling. PDE5 was similarly expressed in both wild-type and in CF cells. A fast and transient rise in cGMP intracellular contents followed treatment with vardenafil, confirming its PDE5 inhibitory effect. We showed that vardenafil promoted both the early steps of the cellular processing and the trafficking of F508del without fully addressing the protein to the plasma membrane. The effect was not reproduced by the brominated cGMP analogue and it was not prevented by the combination of a protein kinase G (PKG) inhibitor and vardenafil. These findings support the view that vardenafil partially rescues F508del through cGMP/PKG-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Dhooghe
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Cell Imaging Platform, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Angélique Mottais
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Hermans
- Institute of Neurosciences, Faculté de Pharmacie et Sciences Biomédicales, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martial Delion
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nadtha Panin
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sabrina Noel
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Teresinha Leal
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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Jung JA. Cystic fibrosis lung disease: Current perspectives. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2020. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2020.8.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-A Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Chen J, Tang Y, Liu Y, Dou Y. Nucleic Acid-Based Therapeutics for Pulmonary Diseases. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:3670-3680. [PMID: 30338490 PMCID: PMC7101845 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapeutics present huge potential in the treatment
of pulmonary diseases ranging from lung cancer to asthma and chronic pulmonary
diseases, which are often fatal and widely prevalent. The susceptibility of nucleic
acids to degradation and the complex structure of lungs retard the effective
pulmonary delivery of nucleic acid drug. To overcome these barriers, different
strategies have been exploited to increase the delivery efficiency using chemically
synthesized nucleic acids, vector encapsulation, proper formulation, and
administration route. However, several limitations regarding off-target effects and
immune stimulation of nucleic acid drugs hamper their translation into the clinical
practice. Therefore, their successful clinical application will ultimately rely on
well-developed carriers and methods to ensure safety and efficacy. In this review,
we provide a comprehensive overview of the nucleic acid application for pulmonary
diseases, covering action mechanism of the nucleic acid drugs, the novel delivery
systems, and the current formulation for the administration to lungs. The latest
advances of nucleic acid drugs under clinical evaluation to treat pulmonary
disorders will also be detailed.
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Gentzsch M, Mall MA. Ion Channel Modulators in Cystic Fibrosis. Chest 2018; 154:383-393. [PMID: 29750923 PMCID: PMC6113631 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene and remains one of the most common life-shortening genetic diseases affecting the lung and other organs. CFTR functions as a cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent anion channel that transports chloride and bicarbonate across epithelial surfaces, and disruption of these ion transport processes plays a central role in the pathogenesis of CF. These findings provided the rationale for pharmacologic modulation of ion transport, either by targeting mutant CFTR or alternative ion channels that can compensate for CFTR dysfunction, as a promising therapeutic approach. High-throughput screening has supported the development of CFTR modulator compounds. CFTR correctors are designed to improve defective protein processing, trafficking, and cell surface expression, whereas potentiators increase the activity of mutant CFTR at the cell surface. The approval of the first potentiator ivacaftor for the treatment of patients with specific CFTR mutations and, more recently, the corrector lumacaftor in combination with ivacaftor for patients homozygous for the common F508del mutation, were major breakthroughs on the path to causal therapies for all patients with CF. The present review focuses on recent developments and remaining challenges of CFTR-directed therapies, as well as modulators of other ion channels such as alternative chloride channels and the epithelial sodium channel as additional targets in CF lung disease. We further discuss how patient-derived precision medicine models may aid the translation of emerging next-generation ion channel modulators from the laboratory to the clinic and tailor their use for optimal therapeutic benefits in individual patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Gentzsch
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Marcus A Mall
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Saldana PS, Pomeranz JL, Young ME. More than a job: Career development of individuals with cystic fibrosis. Work 2018; 59:425-437. [PMID: 29630585 DOI: 10.3233/wor-182694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis and its employment corollaries have received little attention despite the fact that complications of CF represent numerous theorized barriers to optimal career outcomes. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to conduct grounded theory research that results in an understanding of the employment experiences of people with CF and ultimately a substantive grounded theory of career development applicable to individuals with this disease. METHODS This study utilized the grounded theory method of qualitative inquiry. A purposive sample of ten young adults with CF participated in in-depth semi-structured qualitative interviews. Analysis of the interview transcripts followed the constant comparative approach to coding, which identified core themes and sub-themes and culminated in a conceptual framework of variables influencing employment and career development. RESULTS An ecologically-based grounded theory of career development was developed. Major themes that influenced employment and career development were illness appraisal, occupational compromise, persistence, and altruism. Two patterns of career development outcomes emerged - the uninterrupted and the interrupted. CONCLUSIONS A complicated interaction of numerous ecological variables (individual characteristics, personal contextual factors, mediating factors, and the environment) collectively influenced career development. The presence of CF alone did not guarantee negative effects on career development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo S Saldana
- Nemours Children's Clinic, Cystic Fibrosis Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jamie L Pomeranz
- University of Florida, Behavioral Science and Community Health, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mary Ellen Young
- University of Florida, Behavioral Science and Community Health, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Ivacaftor restores CFTR-dependent sweat gland fluid secretion in cystic fibrosis subjects with S945L alleles. J Cyst Fibros 2018; 17:179-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Stolarczyk M, Veit G, Schnúr A, Veltman M, Lukacs GL, Scholte BJ. Extracellular oxidation in cystic fibrosis airway epithelium causes enhanced EGFR/ADAM17 activity. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 314:L555-L568. [PMID: 29351448 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00458.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The EGF receptor (EGFR)/a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) signaling pathway mediates the shedding of growth factors and secretion of cytokines and is involved in chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling. Since these are hallmarks of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease, we hypothesized that CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) deficiency enhances EGFR/ADAM17 activity in human bronchial epithelial cells. In CF bronchial epithelial CFBE41o- cells lacking functional CFTR (iCFTR-) cultured at air-liquid interface (ALI) we found enhanced ADAM17-mediated shedding of the EGFR ligand amphiregulin (AREG) compared with genetically identical cells with induced CFTR expression (iCFTR+). Expression of the inactive G551D-CFTR did not have this effect, suggesting that active CFTR reduces EGFR/ADAM17 activity. This was confirmed in CF compared with normal differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC-ALI). ADAM17-mediated AREG shedding was tightly regulated by the EGFR/MAPK pathway. Compared with iCFTR+ cells, iCFTR- cells displayed enhanced apical presentation and phosphorylation of EGFR, in accordance with enhanced EGFR/ADAM17 activity in CFTR-deficient cells. The nonpermeant natural antioxidant glutathione (GSH) strongly inhibited AREG release in iCFTR and in primary HBEC-ALI, suggesting that ADAM17 activity is directly controlled by extracellular redox potentials in differentiated airway epithelium. Furthermore, the fluorescent redox probe glutaredoxin 1-redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein-glycosylphosphatidylinositol (Grx1-roGFP-GPI) indicated more oxidized conditions in the extracellular space of iCFTR- cells, consistent with the role of CFTR in GSH transport. Our data suggest that in CFTR-deficient airway epithelial cells a more oxidized state of the extracellular membrane, likely caused by defective GSH secretion, leads to enhanced activity of the EGFR/ADAM17 signaling axis. In CF lungs this could contribute to tissue remodeling and hyperinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guido Veit
- Department of Physiology, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Andrea Schnúr
- Department of Physiology, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Mieke Veltman
- Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Gergely L Lukacs
- Department of Physiology, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Bob J Scholte
- Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam , The Netherlands.,Pediatric Pulmonology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
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Conese M, Beccia E, Castellani S, Di Gioia S, Colombo C, Angiolillo A, Carbone A. The long and winding road: stem cells for cystic fibrosis. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017; 18:281-292. [PMID: 29216777 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1413087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic syndrome with a high mortality rate due to severe lung disease. Despite having several drugs targeting specific mutated CFTR proteins already in clinical trials, new therapies, based on stem cells, are also emerging to treat those patients. AREAS COVERED The authors review the main sources of stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), gestational stem cells, and adult stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the context of CF. Furthermore, they describe the main animal and human models of lung physiology and pathology, involved in the optimization of these stem cell-applied therapies in CF. EXPERT OPINION ESCs and iPSCs are emerging sources for disease modeling and drug discovery purposes. The allogeneic transplant of healthy MSCs, that acts independently to specific mutations, is under intense scrutiny due to their secretory, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties. The main challenge for future developments will be to get exogenous stem cells into the appropriate lung location, where they can regenerate endogenous stem cells and act as inflammatory modulators. The clinical application of stem cells for the treatment of CF certainly warrants further insight into pre-clinical models, including large animals, organoids, decellularized organs and lung bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Conese
- a Laboratory of Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Elisa Beccia
- a Laboratory of Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy.,b Department of Medicine and Health Sciences 'V. Tiberio' , University of Molise , Campobasso , Italy
| | - Stefano Castellani
- a Laboratory of Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Sante Di Gioia
- a Laboratory of Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Carla Colombo
- c Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Antonella Angiolillo
- b Department of Medicine and Health Sciences 'V. Tiberio' , University of Molise , Campobasso , Italy
| | - Annalucia Carbone
- d Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit , IRCCS 'Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza' , San Giovanni Rotondo (FG) , Italy
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Classical activation of macrophages and vardenafil. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:1141-1145. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20170137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) – sildenafil citrate (Viagra; Pfizer) and vardenafil hydrochloride (Levitra; Bayer/GlaxoSmithKline) – approved for the treatment of erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension also rescue the loss of cystic fibrosis (CF) chloride channel function and the mislocalization of F508del-CFTR in affected tissues in CF. Can PDE5 inhibitors provide a therapeutic strategy which combines ability to correct the basic ion transport defect and to control de-regulated lung inflammation in CF?
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Beerepoot P, Nazari R, Salahpour A. Pharmacological chaperone approaches for rescuing GPCR mutants: Current state, challenges, and screening strategies. Pharmacol Res 2017; 117:242-251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Vardenafil reduces macrophage pro-inflammatory overresponses in cystic fibrosis through PDE5- and CFTR-dependent mechanisms. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:1107-1121. [PMID: 28196856 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation that progressively disrupts the lung tissue is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF). In mice, vardenafil, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), restores transepithelial ion transport and corrects mislocalization of the most common CF mutation, F508del-CFTR. It also reduces lung pro-inflammatory responses in mice and in patients with CF. To test the hypothesis that macrophages are target effector cells of the immunomo-dulatory effect of vardenafil, we isolated lung macrophages from mice homozygous for the F508del mutation or invalidated for the cftr gene and from their corresponding wild-type (WT) littermates. We then evaluated the effect of vardenafil on the classical M1 polarization, mirroring release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We confirmed that macrophages from different body compartments express CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and showed that vardenafil targets the cells through PDE5- and CFTR-dependent mechanisms. In the presence of the F508del mutation, vardenafil down-regulated overresponses of the M1 markers, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-2. Our study identifies lung macrophages as target cells of the anti-inflammatory effect of vardenafil in CF and supports the view that the drug is potentially beneficial for treating CF as it combines rescue of CFTR protein and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Schmidt BZ, Haaf JB, Leal T, Noel S. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators in cystic fibrosis: current perspectives. Clin Pharmacol 2016; 8:127-140. [PMID: 27703398 PMCID: PMC5036583 DOI: 10.2147/cpaa.s100759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of the CFTR gene cause cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common recessive monogenic disease worldwide. These mutations alter the synthesis, processing, function, or half-life of CFTR, the main chloride channel expressed in the apical membrane of epithelial cells in the airway, intestine, pancreas, and reproductive tract. Lung disease is the most critical manifestation of CF. It is characterized by airway obstruction, infection, and inflammation that lead to fatal tissue destruction. In spite of great advances in early and multidisciplinary medical care, and in our understanding of the pathophysiology, CF is still considerably reducing the life expectancy of patients. This review highlights the current development in pharmacological modulators of CFTR, which aim at rescuing the expression and/or function of mutated CFTR. While only Kalydeco® and Orkambi® are currently available to patients, many other families of CFTR modulators are undergoing preclinical and clinical investigations. Drug repositioning and personalized medicine are particularly detailed in this review as they represent the most promising strategies for restoring CFTR function in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Z Schmidt
- Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven
| | - Jérémy B Haaf
- Louvain Center for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Teresinha Leal
- Louvain Center for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sabrina Noel
- Louvain Center for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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