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Dittmer KE, Wetzel S, Odom T, Munday JS, Flatt EA, Wilson IJ, Hughes C, Tan ST. Multimodal Blockade of the Renin-Angiotensin System in the Treatment of Cancer in Dogs Has Mild Adverse Effects in Some Dogs. Vet Sci 2024; 11:275. [PMID: 38922022 PMCID: PMC11209120 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11060275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is increasingly being recognized to play a role in the tumor microenvironment, promoting tumor growth. Studies blocking a single part of the RAS have shown mixed results, possibly due to the existence of different bypass pathways and redundancy within the RAS. As such, multimodal blockade of the RAS has been developed to exert more complete inhibition of the RAS. The aim of the present study was to assess the safety of multimodal RAS blockade in dogs. Five dogs (four with appendicular osteosarcoma, one with oral malignant melanoma) were treated with atenolol, benazepril, curcumin, meloxicam, and metformin. The dogs underwent clinical examination, blood pressure measurement, and hematology and serum biochemistry tests performed at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks, then every 3 months thereafter. End-of-life decisions were made by the owners. None of the dogs developed hypotension. One dog had intermittent vomiting during the 64 weeks it was on the trial. One dog had a one-off increase in serum SDMA(symmetrical dimethylarginine) concentration. Dogs were euthanized at weeks 3 (osteosarcoma), 10 (osteosarcoma), 17 (osteosarcoma), and 26 (oral malignant melanoma), and one dog was still alive at the end of the trial at 64 weeks (osteosarcoma). This is the first assessment of multimodal blockade of the RAS in dogs, and the results suggest it causes only mild adverse effects in some animals. The efficacy of the treatment was not assessed due to the small number of dogs. This pilot study allows for future larger studies assessing multimodal RAS blockade for the treatment of canine cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren E. Dittmer
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand; (K.E.D.)
| | - Sarah Wetzel
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand; (K.E.D.)
| | - Thomas Odom
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand; (K.E.D.)
| | - John S. Munday
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand; (K.E.D.)
| | | | | | - Catherine Hughes
- Shirley Vet Clinic, 15 Marshland Road, Shirley, Christchurch 8061, New Zealand
| | - Swee T. Tan
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington 7184, New Zealand;
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2
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Mohammed ER, Abd-El-Fatah AH, Mohamed AR, Mahrouse MA, Mohammad MA. Discovery of new 2-(3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)thiazole derivatives with potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities: In vitro, in vivo and in silico investigations. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107372. [PMID: 38653152 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Joining the global demand for the discovery of potent NSAIDs with minimized ulcerogenic effect, new pyrazole clubbed thiazole derivatives 5a-o were designed and synthesized. The new derivatives were initially evaluated for their analgesic activity. Eight compounds 5a, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5h, 5m, and 5o showed higher activity than Indomethacin (potency = 105-130 % vs. 100 %). Subsequently, they were picked for further evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity, ulcerogenic liability as well as toxicological studies. Derivatives 5h and 5m showed a potential % edema inhibition after 3 h (79.39 % and 72.12 %, respectively), with a promising safety profile and low ulcer indices (3.80 and 3.20, respectively). The two compounds 5h and 5m were subjected to in vitro COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition assay. The candidate 5h showed nearly equipotent COX-1 inhibition (IC50 = 38.76 nM) compared to the non-selective reference drug Indomethacin (IC50 = 35.72 nM). Compound 5m expressed significant inhibitory activities and a higher COX-2 selectivity index (IC50 = 87.74 nM, SI = 2.05) in comparison with Indomethacin (SI = 0.52), with less selectivity than Celecoxib (SI = 8.31). Simulation docking studies were carried out to gain insights into the binding interaction of compounds 5h and 5m in the vicinity of COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes that illustrated the importance of pyrazole clubbed thiazole core in hydrogen bonding interactions. The thiazole motif of compounds 5h and 5m exhibited a well orientation toward COX-1 Arg120 key residue by hydrogen bonding interactions. Compound 5h revealed an additional arene-cation interaction with Arg120 that could rationalize its superior COX-1 inhibitory activity. Compounds 5h and 5m overlaid the co-crystallized ligand Celecoxib I differently in the active site of COX-2. Compound 5m showed an enhanced accommodation with binding energy of - 6.13 vs. - 1.70 kcal/mol of compounds 5h. The naphthalene ring of compound 5m adopted the Celecoxib I benzene sulfonamide region that is stabilized by hydrogen-arene interactions with the hydrophobic sidechains of the key residues Ser339 and Phe504. Further, the core structure of compound 5m, pyrazole clubbed thiazole, revealed deeper hydrophobic interactions with Ala513, Leu517 and Val509 residues. Finally, a sensitive and accurate UPLC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of some selected promising pyrazole derivatives in rat plasma. Accordingly, compounds 5h and 5m were suggested to be promising potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents with improved safety profiles and a novel COX isozyme modulation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman R Mohammed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Aliaa H Abd-El-Fatah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Abdalla R Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Marianne A Mahrouse
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohammad A Mohammad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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3
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Elmore KK, Chibisa GE. Graduate Student Literature Review: Reducing mortality and morbidity in transported preweaning dairy calves: Colostrum management and pretransport nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration. J Dairy Sci 2023:S0022-0302(23)00360-0. [PMID: 37414600 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Currently, mortality and morbidity rates for preweaning calves in the US dairy industry are high, with the major cause being digestive disorders and respiratory diseases. One of the most important management practices that can reduce calf mortalities and morbidities is the feeding of colostrum, provided its quantity, quality, and cleanliness, and timing of feeding are according to recommendations. However, other management practices similar to transportation, can also compromise calf health and production performance. When preweaning calves are transported, stressors similar to physical restraint, commingling, dehydration, bruising, and pain may lead to an inflammatory response and immunosuppression, which has been seen in older cattle, and could increase susceptibility to digestive disorders and respiratory diseases. One strategy that could potentially reduce transport-related negative outcomes is the pretransport administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as meloxicam. This review provides a brief background on preweaning mortality and morbidity, colostrum management, transport-related stress, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in transported calves, and highlights some of the current knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Elmore
- Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences Department, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844.
| | - G E Chibisa
- Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences Department, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844.
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4
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Shi M, Liu X, Pan W, Li N, Tang B. Anti-inflammatory strategies for photothermal therapy of cancer. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37326239 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00839h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High temperature generated by photothermal therapy (PTT) can trigger an inflammatory response at the tumor site, which not only limits the efficacy of PTT but also increases the risk of tumor metastasis and recurrence. In light of the current limitations posed by inflammation in PTT, several studies have revealed that inhibiting PTT-induced inflammation can significantly improve the efficacy of cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the research progress made in combining anti-inflammatory strategies to enhance the effectiveness of PTT. The goal is to offer valuable insights for developing better-designed photothermal agents in clinical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwan Shi
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Pan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Na Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
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Layton R, Layton D, Beggs D, Fisher A, Mansell P, Stanger KJ. The impact of stress and anesthesia on animal models of infectious disease. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1086003. [PMID: 36816193 PMCID: PMC9933909 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1086003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress and general anesthesia have an impact on the functional response of the organism due to the detrimental effects on cardiovascular, immunological, and metabolic function, which could limit the organism's response to an infectious event. Animal studies have formed an essential step in understanding and mitigating infectious diseases, as the complexities of physiology and immunity cannot yet be replicated in vivo. Using animals in research continues to come under increasing societal scrutiny, and it is therefore crucial that the welfare of animals used in disease research is optimized to meet both societal expectations and improve scientific outcomes. Everyday management and procedures in animal studies are known to cause stress, which can not only cause poorer welfare outcomes, but also introduces variables in disease studies. Whilst general anesthesia is necessary at times to reduce stress and enhance animal welfare in disease research, evidence of physiological and immunological disruption caused by general anesthesia is increasing. To better understand and quantify the effects of stress and anesthesia on disease study and welfare outcomes, utilizing the most appropriate animal monitoring strategies is imperative. This article aims to analyze recent scientific evidence about the impact of stress and anesthesia as uncontrolled variables, as well as reviewing monitoring strategies and technologies in animal models during infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Layton
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO, Geelong, VIC, Australia,*Correspondence: Rachel Layton ✉
| | - Daniel Layton
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - David Beggs
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Fisher
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Mansell
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly J. Stanger
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Zarban AA, Chaudhry H, de Sousa Valente J, Argunhan F, Ghanim H, Brain SD. Elucidating the Ability of CGRP to Modulate Microvascular Events in Mouse Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12246. [PMID: 36293102 PMCID: PMC9602655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oedema formation and polymorphonuclear leukocyte (neutrophil) accumulation are involved in both acute and chronic inflammation. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a sensory neuropeptide that is released from stimulated sensory nerves. CGRP is a potent vasodilator neuropeptide, especially when administered to the cutaneous microvasculature, with a long duration of action. Here, we have investigated the ability of vasodilator amounts of CGRP to modulate oedema formation and neutrophil accumulation induced in the cutaneous microvasculature of the mouse. To learn more about the mechanism of action of endogenous CGRP, we have investigated the response to the inflammatory stimulants tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and carrageenan in three different murine models: a model where sensory nerves were depleted by resiniferatoxin (RTX); a pharmacological method to investigate the effect of a selective CGRP receptor antagonist; and a genetic approach using wildtype (WT) and αCGRP knockout (KO) mice. Our results show that exogenous CGRP potentiates oedema formation induced by substance P (SP) and TNFα. This is further supported by our findings from sensory nerve-depleted mice (in the absence of all neuropeptides), which indicated that sensory nerves are involved in mediating the oedema formation and neutrophil accumulation induced by TNFα, and also carrageenan in cutaneous microvasculature. Furthermore, endogenous CGRP was shown to contribute to this inflammatory response as carrageenan-induced oedema formation is attenuated in WT mice treated with the CGRP receptor antagonist, and in αCGRPKO mice. It is therefore concluded that CGRP can contribute to inflammation by promoting oedema formation in skin, but this response is dependent on the pro-inflammatory stimulus and circumstance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Zarban
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Waterloo Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hiba Chaudhry
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Waterloo Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - João de Sousa Valente
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Waterloo Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Fulye Argunhan
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Waterloo Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Hala Ghanim
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Waterloo Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Susan D. Brain
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Waterloo Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
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7
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Morón-Elorza P, Cañizares-Cooz D, Rojo-Solis C, Álvaro-Álvarez T, Valls-Torres M, García-Párraga D, Encinas T. Pharmacokinetics of the Anti-Inflammatory Drug Meloxicam after Single 1.5 mg/kg Intramuscular Administration to Undulate Skates ( Raja undulata). Vet Sci 2022; 9:216. [PMID: 35622744 PMCID: PMC9147581 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9050216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapy database currently used in elasmobranchs is still mostly based on empirical data, and there are few efficacy and safety studies supporting clinical practice. In this study, meloxicam pharmacokinetics (PK) were evaluated after a single 1.5 mg/kg IM administration to a group of seven clinically healthy adult undulate skates (Raja undulata Lacepède, 1802). Blood samples were collected before administration and at 15, 30, 60 and 90 min and 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h after the IM injection. The meloxicam concentrations in plasma were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography, and PK parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental model approach. The mean ± SEM values of the main PK values were 1.84 ± 0.31 μg/mL for peak plasma concentration, 1.5 ± 0.24 h for time to maximum plasma concentration, 11.43 ± 2.04 h·µg/mL for area under the plasma concentration vs. time curve, 3.55 ± 0.65 h for elimination half-life, and 5.37 ± 0.94 h for mean residency time. No adverse reactions were detected. The relatively high plasma concentration and short time to maximum plasma concentration suggest that meloxicam could turn into an efficient analgesic and anti-inflammatory candidate drug to be used in skates. Further efficacy, pharmacodynamic, and multiple-dose studies with meloxicam are needed in elasmobranchs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Morón-Elorza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.C.-C.); (T.E.)
- Fundación Oceanogràfic de la Comunitat Valenciana, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera (Científic) 1B, 46013 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Daniela Cañizares-Cooz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.C.-C.); (T.E.)
| | - Carlos Rojo-Solis
- Veterinary Services, Oceanogràfic, Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera (Científic) 1B, 46013 Valencia, Spain; (C.R.-S.); (T.Á.-Á.); (M.V.-T.)
| | - Teresa Álvaro-Álvarez
- Veterinary Services, Oceanogràfic, Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera (Científic) 1B, 46013 Valencia, Spain; (C.R.-S.); (T.Á.-Á.); (M.V.-T.)
| | - Mónica Valls-Torres
- Veterinary Services, Oceanogràfic, Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera (Científic) 1B, 46013 Valencia, Spain; (C.R.-S.); (T.Á.-Á.); (M.V.-T.)
| | - Daniel García-Párraga
- Fundación Oceanogràfic de la Comunitat Valenciana, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera (Científic) 1B, 46013 Valencia, Spain;
- Veterinary Services, Oceanogràfic, Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera (Científic) 1B, 46013 Valencia, Spain; (C.R.-S.); (T.Á.-Á.); (M.V.-T.)
| | - Teresa Encinas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.C.-C.); (T.E.)
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8
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Morón-Elorza P, Rojo-Solís C, Álvaro-Álvarez T, Valls-Torres M, García-Párraga D, Encinas T. Pharmacokinetic Studies in Elasmobranchs: Meloxicam Administered at 0.5 mg/kg Using Intravenous, Intramuscular, and Oral Routes to Nusehound Sharks ( Scyliorhinus stellaris). Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:845555. [PMID: 35411304 PMCID: PMC8994032 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.845555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious and inflammatory diseases are the most frequently diagnosed pathologies in elasmobranchs maintained under human care. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently used in veterinary medicine for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties. Meloxicam is a commonly prescribed NSAID in elasmobranchs, but there are still no published pharmacokinetic (PK) studies supporting its use in this group of animals. In this study, meloxicam was administered at a single dose of 0.5 mg/kg to eight healthy adult nursehound sharks (Scyliorhinus stellaris) intravenously (IV), intramuscularly (IM), and orally (PO), with a minimum 4-week washout period between administrations. Blood samples were obtained both beforehand and at predetermined times after each administration. Plasma concentrations were measured using a validated high performance liquid chromatography method, and PK data was obtained using a non-compartmental analysis. Meloxicam administered orally did not produce detectable concentrations in blood plasma, while mean peak plasma concentration was 0.38 ± 0.08 μg/ml after IM administration. The mean terminal half-life was 10.71 ± 2.77 h and 11.27 ± 3.96 h for IV and IM injections, respectively. The area under the curve extrapolated to infinity was 11.37 ± 2.29 h·μg/ml after IV injections and 5.98 ± 0.90 h·μg/ml after IM injections. Meloxicam administered IM had a mean absolute bioavailability of 56.22 ± 13.29%. These numbers support meloxicam as a promising drug to be used IM in nursehounds, questions the efficacy of its single PO use in elasmobranchs, elucidate the need for higher dosage regimes, and evidence the need for further PK studies in sharks and rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Morón-Elorza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Fundación Oceanogràfic de la Comunitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain,*Correspondence: Pablo Morón-Elorza
| | | | | | | | - Daniel García-Párraga
- Fundación Oceanogràfic de la Comunitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain,Veterinary Services, Oceanogràfic, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Encinas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Aggarwal R, Hooda M, Jain N, Sanz D, Claramunt RM, Twamley B, Rozas I. An efficient, one-pot, regioselective synthesis of 2-aryl/hetaryl-4-methyl-5-acylthiazoles under solvent-free conditions. J Sulphur Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2021.1975119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
- CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Mona Hooda
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Naman Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Dionisia Sanz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Bio-orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Claramunt
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Bio-orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin2, Ireland
| | - Isabel Rozas
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin2, Ireland
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10
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Sindi AM, Hosny KM, Alharbi WS. Lyophilized Composite Loaded with Meloxicam-Peppermint oil Nanoemulsion for Periodontal Pain. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13142317. [PMID: 34301073 PMCID: PMC8309367 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining oral health helps to prevent periodontal inflammation and pain, which can progress into more detrimental issues if left untreated. Meloxicam (MX) is a commonly used analgesic for periodontal pain, but it can have adverse gastrointestinal effects and poor solubility. Therefore, this study aimed to enhance the solubility of MX by developing a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS). Considering the anti-ulcer activity of peppermint oil (PO), it was added in a mixture with medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) to the MX-loaded SNEDDS formulation (MX-PO-SNEDDS). After optimization, MX-PO-SNEDDS exhibited a PO:MCT ratio of 1.78:1, surfactant mixture HLB value of 14, and MX:oil mix ratio of 1:15, a particle size of 47 ± 3 nm, stability index of 85 ± 4%, ex vivo Jss of 4 ± 0.6 μg/cm2min, and ulcer index of 1 ± 0.25 %. Then, orally flash disintegrating lyophilized composites (MX-SNELCs) were prepared using the optimized MX-PO-SNEDDs. Results reveal that MX-SNELCs had a wetting time of 4 ± 1 s and disintegration time of 3 ± 1 s with a high in vitro MX release of 91% by the end of 60 min. The results of pharmacokinetic studies in human volunteers further demonstrated that, compared to a marketed MX tablets, MX-SNELCs provided a higher Cmax, Tmax, and AUC and a relatively greater bioavailability of 152.97 %. The successfully developed MX-SNELCs were found to be a better alternative than the conventional tablet dosage form, thus indicating their potential for further development in a clinically acceptable strategy for managing periodontal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M. Sindi
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled M. Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+966-561-682-377
| | - Waleed S. Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
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Ebrahimzadeh T, Kuprasertkul A, Neugent ML, Lutz KC, Fuentes JL, Gadhvi J, Khan F, Zhang C, Sharon BM, Orth K, Li Q, Zimmern PE, De Nisco NJ. Urinary prostaglandin E2 as a biomarker for recurrent UTI in postmenopausal women. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/7/e202000948. [PMID: 33958485 PMCID: PMC8200289 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This work uses controlled human cohorts to investigate urinary prostaglandin E2, the product of cyclooxygenase-2, as both a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of recurrent UTI postmenopausal women. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common adult bacterial infections and exhibits high recurrence rates, especially in postmenopausal women. Studies in mouse models suggest that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)–mediated inflammation sensitizes the bladder to recurrent UTI (rUTI). However, COX-2–mediated inflammation has not been robustly studied in human rUTI. We used human cohorts to assess urothelial COX-2 production and evaluate its product, PGE2, as a biomarker for rUTI in postmenopausal women. We found that the percentage of COX-2–positive cells was elevated in inflamed versus uninflamed bladder regions. We analyzed the performance of urinary PGE2 as a biomarker for rUTI in a controlled cohort of 92 postmenopausal women and PGE2 consistently outperformed all other tested clinical variables as a predictor of rUTI status. Furthermore, time-to-relapse analysis indicated that the risk of rUTI relapse was 3.6 times higher in women with above median urinary PGE2 levels than with below median levels. Taken together, these data suggest that urinary PGE2 may be a clinically useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for rUTI in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmineh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Amy Kuprasertkul
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michael L Neugent
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Kevin C Lutz
- Depatment of Mathematics, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Jorge L Fuentes
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jashkaran Gadhvi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Fatima Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Cong Zhang
- Depatment of Mathematics, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Belle M Sharon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Kim Orth
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Qiwei Li
- Depatment of Mathematics, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Philippe E Zimmern
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nicole J De Nisco
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
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12
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Dual Acting Carbon Monoxide Releasing Molecules and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Differentially Modulate Inflammation in Human Tenocytes. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020141. [PMID: 33535611 PMCID: PMC7912830 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained oxidative stress and inflammation have been reported as the major factors responsible for the failure of tendon healing during rotator cuff tears (RCTs) and rotator cuff disease (RCD). Although, their therapeutic management remains still challenging. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are involved in many pathological conditions, and the overexpression of both CA9 and 12 in inflamed joints has been recently reported. Consequently, a selective CA9/12 inhibition could be a feasible strategy for improving tendon recovery after injury. In addition, since carbon monoxide (CO) has been proven to have an important role in modulating inflammation, CO releasing molecules (CORMs) can be also potentially suitable compounds. The present study aims at evaluating five newly synthesized dual-mode acting CA inhibitors (CAIs)-CORMs compounds, belonging to two chemical scaffolds, on tendon-derived human primary cells under H2O2 stimulation in comparison with Meloxicam. Our results show that compounds 2 and 7 are the most promising of the series in counteracting oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity and display a better profile in terms of enhanced viability, decreased LDH release, and augmented tenocyte proliferation compared to Meloxicam. Moreover, compound 7, as a potent superoxide scavenger, exerts its action inhibiting NF-ĸB translocation and downregulating iNOS, whereas compound 2 is more effective in increasing collagen I deposition. Taken together, our data highlight a potential role of CA in RCTs and RCD and the prospective effectiveness of compounds acting as CAI-CORM during inflammation.
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Morrison R, Hemsworth P. Tail Docking of Piglets 2: Effects of Meloxicam on the Stress Response to Tail Docking. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1699. [PMID: 32962233 PMCID: PMC7552786 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment assessed the efficacy of the cauterisation procedure with or without pain relief (injectable meloxicam) in mitigating the acute stress response to tail docking. Male piglets (n = 432) were allocated to the following treatments at 2-d post-farrowing: (1) no handling, (2) sham handling, (3) tail docked using clippers, (4) tail docked using a cauteriser, (5) meloxicam + clipper, and (6) meloxicam + cauteriser. Meloxicam treatments used Metacam® at 5 mg/mL injected i.m. 1 h prior to tail docking. Blood samples were collected at 15 and 30 min post-treatment and analysed for total plasma cortisol. Behaviours indicative of pain such as escape attempts, vocalisations and standing with head lowered were measured. The duration of vocalisations and frequency of escape attempts during treatment were greater in all tail docking treatments compared to the sham treatment. Piglets in the clipper treatment had higher (p < 0.05) cortisol concentrations at 30 min but not 15 min after treatment and stood for longer (p < 0.001) with head lowered in the first 60 min after treatment than those in the cauterisation treatment. Meloxicam reduced (p < 0.05) both the cortisol response at 30 min after tail docking with the clipper as well as the behavioural response in the first 60 min after tail docking with the clipper. In comparison to the sham treatment, cortisol concentrations at 15 min were higher in the two tail docking treatments whereas the tail docking treatments with meloxicam were similar to the sham handling treatment. In comparison to the sham handling treatment, cortisol concentrations at 30 min post-docking were higher (p < 0.05) only in the clipper treatment. While cauterisation appears to be less aversive than the clipper procedure, the administration of meloxicam did not mitigate the behavioural response during tail docking using either procedure, but reduced standing with head lowered in the first hour after docking for both methods. The commercial viability of administration of meloxicam requires consideration before it is recommended for use compared to cauterisation alone, as it requires additional handling of piglets and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Morrison
- Rivalea (Australia), Research and Innovation, Redlands Road, Corowa 2640, Australia
| | - Paul Hemsworth
- Animal Welfare Science Centre, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia;
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14
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Mirshafiey A, Taeb M, Mortazavi-Jahromi SS, Jafarnezhad-Ansariha F, Rehm BH, Esposito E, Cuzzocrea S, Matsuo H. Introduction of β- d -mannuronic acid (M2000) as a novel NSAID with immunosuppressive property based on COX-1/COX-2 activity and gene expression. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:1067-1072. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Kimble B, Li KM, Govendir M. Quantitation of meloxicam in the plasma of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) by improved high performance liquid chromatography. J Vet Sci 2013; 14:7-14. [PMID: 23388431 PMCID: PMC3615235 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2013.14.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An improved method to determine meloxicam (MEL) concentrations in koala plasma using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photo diode array detector was developed and validated. A plasma sample clean-up step was carried out with hydrophilic- lipophilic copolymer solid phase extraction cartridges. MEL was separated from an endogenous interference using an isocratic mobile phase [acetonitrile and 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 2.15), 45 : 55 (v : v)] on a Nova-Pak C18 4-µm (300 × 3.9 mm) column. Retention times for MEL and piroxicam were 8.03 and 5.56 min, respectively. Peak area ratios of MEL to the internal standard (IS) were used for regression analysis of the calibration curve, which was linear from 10 to 1,000 ng/mL (r(2) > 0.9998). Average absolute recovery rates were 91% and 96% for MEL and the IS, respectively. This method had sufficient sensitivity (lower quantitation limit of 10 ng/mL), precision, accuracy, and selectivity for routine analysis of MEL in koala plasma using 250-µL sample volumes. Our technique clearly resolved the MEL peak from the complex koala plasma matrix and accurately measured MEL concentrations in small plasma volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kimble
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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17
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Smith HS, Baird W. Meloxicam and selective COX-2 inhibitors in the management of pain in the palliative care population. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2003; 20:297-306. [PMID: 12911075 DOI: 10.1177/104990910302000413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper discusses the treatment of pain in the palliative care patient, specifically the use of meloxicam and recent advances in agents with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selectivity. Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that preferentially inhibits COX-2 more than cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), especially at low doses, thereby offering advantages over traditional nonselective NSAIDs. New COX-2 selective agents are discussed, including valdecoxib, parecoxib, etoricoxib, and COX-189.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard S Smith
- UPMC Presbyterian Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Talley
- G.D. Searle, Division of Monsanto, St. Louis, MO 63198, USA
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