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Bookser BC, Weinhouse MI, Burns AC, Valiere AN, Valdez LJ, Stanczak P, Na J, Rheingold AL, Moore CE, Dyck B. Solvent-Controlled, Site-Selective N-Alkylation Reactions of Azolo-Fused Ring Heterocycles at N1-, N2-, and N3-Positions, Including Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines, Purines, [1,2,3]Triazolo[4,5]pyridines, and Related Deaza-Compounds. J Org Chem 2018; 83:6334-6353. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry, Crystallography Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, Urey Hall 5128, mail code 0358, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry, Crystallography Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, Urey Hall 5128, mail code 0358, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
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2
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Sun K, Wang X, Lv Y, Li G, Jiao H, Dai C, Li Y, Zhang C, Liu L. Peroxodisulfate-mediated selenoamination of alkenes yielding amidoselenide-containing sulfamides and azoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:8471-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04225b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel intermolecular selenoamination of alkenes has been successfully developed and a series of structurally diverse vicinal amidoselenides were effectively obtained under mild heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anyang Normal University
- Anyang 455000
- P. R. China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-Electronic Functional Materials
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anyang Normal University
- Anyang 455000
- P. R. China
| | - Yunhe Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anyang Normal University
- Anyang 455000
- P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anyang Normal University
- Anyang 455000
- P. R. China
| | - Hezhen Jiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anyang Normal University
- Anyang 455000
- P. R. China
| | - Changwei Dai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anyang Normal University
- Anyang 455000
- P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anyang Normal University
- Anyang 455000
- P. R. China
| | - Chong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anyang Normal University
- Anyang 455000
- P. R. China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anyang Normal University
- Anyang 455000
- P. R. China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-Electronic Functional Materials
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Jagtap PG, Chen Z, Koppetsch K, Piro E, Fronce P, Southan GJ, Klotz KN. Synthesis of (R)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxaldehyde: application to the synthesis of potent adenosine A(2A) and A(3) receptor agonist. Tetrahedron Lett 2009; 50:2693-2696. [PMID: 20161338 PMCID: PMC2679502 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.03.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of potent adenosine A(2A) and A(3) receptor agonist from the modification of adenosine-5'-N-ethylcarboxamide (NECA) has been reported. Diastereoisomer possessing an (R) 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyranyl (DHP) moiety exhibited the highest affinity at the A(2A) and A(3) receptors. The key steps involve the synthesis of (R)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxaldehyde (7), which was obtained through the enzyme catalyzed kinetic resolution of (±)-2-acetoxymethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash G. Jagtap
- Inotek Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 33 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Zhiyu Chen
- Inotek Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 33 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Karsten Koppetsch
- Inotek Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 33 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Elizabeth Piro
- Inotek Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 33 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Paula Fronce
- Inotek Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 33 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Garry J. Southan
- Inotek Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 33 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany
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Bookser BC, Raffaele NB. High-Throughput Synthesis of HepDirect Prodrugs of Nucleoside Monophosphates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 10:567-72. [DOI: 10.1021/cc8000212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett C. Bookser
- Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc., 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Nicholas B. Raffaele
- Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc., 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
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5
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Milioli EM, Cologni P, Santos CC, Marcos TD, Yunes VM, Fernandes MS, Schoenfelder T, Costa-Campos L. Effect of acute administration of hydroalcohol extract of Ilex paraguariensis St Hilaire (Aquifoliaceae) in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Phytother Res 2007; 21:771-6. [PMID: 17486685 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ilex paraguariensis St Hilaire (Aquifoliaceae) is a plant widely cultivated in South America and with various reputed medicinal properties that can be attributed to phenolic constituents of the leaves: caffeine, theophylline and theobromine, besides the flavonoids, quercetin and rutin. This study examined the antiparkinsonian activity of the hydroalcohol extract of Ilex paraguariensis in models of protection against cerebral injury induced by MPTP and reversal of the catatonia induced by reserpine in mice. The hydroalcohol extract prevented MPTP-induced hypolocomotion at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg at the all time points observed and also prevented the reserpine-induced catalepsy at the same doses. The extract potentiated the effect of apomorphine in preventing catatonia, suggesting a non-dopaminergic activity, probably through antagonism of adenosine. In biochemical studies the hydroalcohol extract caused a significant decrease in the NO levels, exhibited a DPPH-scavenging ability and was effective in preventing the oxidation of deoxyribose. The results obtained suggest that the hydroalcohol extract of Ilex paraguariensis may have an antiparkinsonian profile in animal models, probably through its antioxidant activity and antagonist action on adenosine A(2A) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Milioli
- Programa de Iniciação Científica, PIC170, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma/SC, Brazil
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6
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Bookser BC, Raffaele NB. High-throughput five minute microwave accelerated glycosylation approach to the synthesis of nucleoside libraries. J Org Chem 2007; 72:173-9. [PMID: 17194096 DOI: 10.1021/jo061885l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Vorbrüggen glycosylation reaction was adapted into a one-step 5 min/130 degrees C microwave assisted reaction. Triethanolamine in acetontrile containing 2% water was determined to be optimal for the neutralization of trimethylsilyl triflate allowing for direct MPLC purification of the reaction mixture. When coupled with a NH3/methanol deprotection reaction, a high-throughput method of nucleoside library synthesis was enabled. The method was demonstrated by examining the ribosylation of 48 nitrogen containing heteroaromatic bases that included 25 purines, four pyrazolopyrimidines, two 8-azapurines, one 2-azapurine, two imidazopyridines, two benzimidazoles, three imidazoles, three 1,2,4-triazoles, two pyrimidines, two 3-deazapyrimidines, one quinazolinedione, and one alloxazine. Of these, 32 yielded single regioisomer products, and six resulted in separable mixtures. Seven examples provided inseparable regioisomer mixtures of -two to three compounds (16 nucleosides), and three examples failed to yield isolable products. For the 45 single isomers isolated, the average two-step overall yield +/- SD was 26 +/- 16%, and the average purity +/- SD was 95 +/- 6%. A total of 58 different nucleosides were prepared of which 15 had not previously been accessed directly from glycosylation/deprotection of a readily available base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett C Bookser
- Metabasis Therapeutics, Incorporated, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
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Dang Q, Liu Y, Sun Z. A tandem decarboxylation/Diels–Alder reaction of 5-amino-1-phenyl-4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid with 1,3,5-triazines. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01822-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Knutsen LJ, Lau J, Petersen H, Thomsen C, Weis JU, Shalmi M, Judge ME, Hansen AJ, Sheardown MJ. N-substituted adenosines as novel neuroprotective A(1) agonists with diminished hypotensive effects. J Med Chem 1999; 42:3463-77. [PMID: 10479279 DOI: 10.1021/jm960682u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and pharmacological profile of a series of neuroprotective adenosine agonists are described. Novel A(1) agonists with potent central nervous system effects and diminished influence on the cardiovascular system are reported and compared to selected reference adenosine agonists. The novel compounds featured are derived structurally from two key lead structures: 2-chloro-N-(1-phenoxy-2-propyl)adenosine (NNC 21-0041, 9) and 2-chloro-N-(1-piperidinyl)adenosine (NNC 90-1515, 4). The agonists are characterized in terms of their in vitro profiles, both binding and functional, and in vivo activity in relevant animal models. Neuroprotective properties assessed after postischemic dosing in a Mongolian gerbil severe temporary forebrain ischemia paradigm, using hippocampal CA1 damage endpoints, and the efficacy of these agonists in an A(1) functional assay show similarities to some reference adenosine agonists. However, the new compounds we describe exhibit diminished cardiovascular effects in both anesthetized and awake rats when compared to reference A(1) agonists such as (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA, 5), N-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA, 2), 4, N-[(1S,trans)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl]adenosine (GR 79236, 26), N-cyclohexyl-2'-O-methyladenosine (SDZ WAG 994, 27), and N-[(2-methylphenyl)methyl]adenosine (Metrifudil, 28). In mouse permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion focal ischemia, 2-chloro-N-[(R)-[(2-benzothiazolyl)thio]-2-propyl]adenosine (NNC 21-0136, 12) exhibited significant neuroprotection at the remarkably low total intraperitoneal dose of 0.1 mg/kg, a dose at which no cardiovascular effects are observed in conscious rats. The novel agonists described inhibit 6, 7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate-induced seizures, and in mouse locomotor activity higher doses are required to reach ED(50) values than for reference A(1) agonists. We conclude that two of the novel adenosine derivatives revealed herein, 12 and 5'-deoxy-5'-chloro-N-[4-(phenylthio)-1-piperidinyl]adenosine (NNC 21-0147, 13), representatives of a new series of P(1) ligands, reinforce the fact that novel selective adenosine A(1) agonists have potential in the treatment of cerebral ischemia in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Knutsen
- Health Care Discovery and Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark.
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Jarvis MF, Gessner G, Shapiro G, Merkel L, Myers M, Cox BF, Martin GE. Differential effects of the adenosine A(1) receptor allosteric enhancer PD 81,723 on agonist binding to brain and adipocyte membranes. Brain Res 1999; 840:75-83. [PMID: 10517954 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01747-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The benzoylthiophene analog, PD 81,723, has been shown to allosterically enhance agonist binding and functional activation of the mammalian adenosine (ADO) A(1) receptor subtype by putatively maintaining the receptor in a high affinity state. The present studies were conducted to evaluate the ability of PD 81,723 to enhance the binding of [3H]cyclohexyladenosine ([3H]CHA) to A(1) receptors of neural (cerebral cortex) and non-neural (adipocyte) origin in three different species; rat, guinea pig and dog. PD 81, 723 (0.3-100 microM) produced a concentration-dependent enhancement of [3H]CHA binding to rat brain A(1) receptors. These effects were also species-dependent with larger enhancements (150-200% of control) observed in guinea pig and dog brain membranes as compared to the rat (120% of control). In contrast, PD 81,723 did not produce any enhancement of [3H]CHA binding to A(1) receptors in adipocyte membranes from any of the species examined. Additional binding studies were conducted using pharmacological manipulations that have previously been shown to enhance the allosteric effects of PD 81,723. In the presence of 1 mM GTP, the allosteric effects of PD 81,723 (15 microM) were increased in rat, guinea pig and dog brain membranes, however, in adipocyte membranes from each species, no significant alteration in agonist binding was observed. Similarly, the A(1) receptor selective antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1, 3-dipropylxanthine (added to effectively reduce the intrinsic antagonist properties of PD 81,723) was found to enhance the allosteric effects of PD 81,723 (15 microM) in brain, but produce no alteration of agonist binding in adipocyte membranes from each species. Examination of the dissociation kinetics of [3H]CHA binding from rat brain and adipocyte membranes revealed that PD 81,723 (15 microM) differentially slowed agonist dissociation from brain, but not adipocyte, membranes. Taken together, the present data support the hypothesis that in tissues that are sensitive to PD 81,723, this benzyolthiophene functions to maintain the A(1) receptor in a high-affinity state and that the relative proportions of high-affinity A(1) receptors present in specific tissues may contribute, at least in part, to the apparent differential effects of PD 81,723 on agonist binding. The tissue specific modulation of A(1) receptor function by PD 81,723 also illustrates the possibility that the locus of allosteric modulation by PD 81,723 may be manifest via a specific, but indirect and tissue-dependent, interaction with the A(1) receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Jarvis
- Rhone-Poulenc Rorer Central Research, Collegeville, PA, USA.
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Dang Q, Liu Y, Erion MD. Efficient Synthesis of Purines and Purine Nucleosides via an Inverse Electron Demand Diels−Alder Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9842316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Dang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc., 9390 Towne Centre Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc., 9390 Towne Centre Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Mark D. Erion
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc., 9390 Towne Centre Drive, San Diego, California 92121
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11
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Erion MD, Kasibhatla SR, Bookser BC, van Poelje PD, Reddy MR, Gruber HE, Appleman JR. Discovery of AMP Mimetics that Exhibit High Inhibitory Potency and Specificity for AMP Deaminase. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja983153j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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