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Yan H, Zhai B, Yang F, Chen Z, Zhou Q, Paiva-Santos AC, Yuan Z, Zhou Y. Nanotechnology-Based Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies for Neuroblastoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:908713. [PMID: 35721107 PMCID: PMC9201105 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.908713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB), as the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood, is one of the critical culprits affecting children's health. Given the heterogeneity and invisibility of NB tumors, the existing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are inadequate and ineffective in early screening and prognostic improvement. With the rapid innovation and development of nanotechnology, nanomedicines have attracted widespread attention in the field of oncology research for their excellent physiological and chemical properties. In this review, we first explored the current common obstacles in the diagnosis and treatment of NB. Then we comprehensively summarized the advancements in nanotechnology-based multimodal synergistic diagnosis and treatment of NB and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. In addition, a discussion of the pending challenges in biocompatibility and toxicity of nanomedicine was conducted. Finally, we described the development and application status of nanomaterials against some of the recognized targets in the field of NB research, and pointed out prospects for nanomedicine-based precision diagnosis and therapy of NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yan
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhai
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenliang Chen
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ziqiao Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Blanco-Luquin I, Lázcoz P, Celay J, Castresana JS, Encío IJ. In Vitro Assessment of the Role of p53 on Chemotherapy Treatments in Neuroblastoma Cell Lines. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111184. [PMID: 34832966 PMCID: PMC8624165 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most frequent malignant extracranial solid tumor of infancy. The overall objective of this work consists of determining the presence of alterations in the p53/MDM2/p14ARF signaling pathway in neuroblastoma cell lines and deciphering their possible relationship with resistance to known antineoplastic drugs and to differentiation agents. Firstly, we characterized 10 neuroblastoma cell lines for alterations at the p53/MDM2/p14ARF signaling pathway by analysis of TP53 point mutations, MYCN and MDM2 amplification, and p14ARF methylation, homozygous deletions, and expression. Secondly, we chose SK-N-FI (mutated at TP53) and SK-N-Be(2) (wild-type TP53) cell lines, treated them with chemotherapeutic agents (doxorubicin, etoposide, cisplatin, and melphalan) and with two isomers of retinoic acid (RA): (9-cis and all-trans). Finally, we analyzed the distribution of the cell cycle, the induction of apoptosis, and the expression levels of p53, p21, and Bcl-2 in those two cell lines. P14ARF did not present promoter methylation, homozygous deletions, and protein expression in any of the 10 neuroblastoma cell lines. One TP53 point mutation was detected in the SK-N-FI cell line. MYCN amplification was frequent, while most cell lines did not present MDM2 amplification. Treatment of SK-N-FI and SK-N-Be(2) cells with doxorubicin, etoposide, cisplatin, and melphalan increased apoptosis and blocked the cycle in G2/M, while retinoic acid isomers induced apoptosis and decreased the percentage of cells in S phase in TP53 mutated SK-N-FI cells, but not in TP53 wild-type SK-N-Be(2) cells. Treatment with cisplatin, melphalan, or 9-cis RA decreased p53 expression levels in SK-N-FI cells but not in SK-N-Be (2). The expression of p21 was not modified in either of the two cell lines. Bcl-2 levels were reduced only in SK-N-FI cells after treatment with cisplatin. However, treatments with doxorubicin, etoposide, or 9-cis-RA did not modify the levels of this protein in either of the two cell lines. In conclusion, TP53 mutated SK-N-FI cells respond better to the retinoic isomers than TP53 wild-type SK-N-Be(2) cells. Although these are in vitro results, it seems that deciphering the molecular alterations of the p53/MDM2/p14ARF signaling pathway prior to treating patients of neuroblastoma might be useful for standardizing therapies with the aim of improving survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idoia Blanco-Luquin
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (I.B.-L.); (P.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Paula Lázcoz
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (I.B.-L.); (P.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Jon Celay
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (I.B.-L.); (P.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Javier S. Castresana
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.S.C.); (I.J.E.)
| | - Ignacio J. Encío
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (I.B.-L.); (P.L.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.C.); (I.J.E.)
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Pezeshki PS, Moeinafshar A, Ghaemdoust F, Razi S, Keshavarz-Fathi M, Rezaei N. Advances in pharmacotherapy for neuroblastoma. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021; 22:2383-2404. [PMID: 34254549 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1953470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuroblastoma is the most prevalent cancer type diagnosed within the first year after birth and accounts for 15% of deaths from pediatric cancer. Despite the improvements in survival rates of patients with neuroblastoma, the incidence of the disease has increased over the last decade. Neuroblastoma tumor cells harbor a vast range of variable and heterogeneous histochemical and genetic alterations which calls for the need to administer individualized and targeted therapies to induce tumor regression in each patient. AREAS COVERED This paper provides reviews the recent clinical trials which used chemotherapeutic and/or targeted agents as either monotherapies or in combination to improve the response rate in patients with neuroblastoma, and especially high-risk neuroblastoma. It also reviews some of the prominent preclinical studies which can provide the rationale for future clinical trials. EXPERT OPINION Although some distinguished advances in pharmacotherapy have been made to improve the survival rate and reduce adverse events in patients with neuroblastoma, a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, resistance to therapies or relapse, identifying biomarkers of response to each specific drug, and developing predictive preclinical models of the tumor can lead to further breakthroughs in the treatment of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmida Sadat Pezeshki
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aysan Moeinafshar
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghaemdoust
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Razi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Stockholm, Sweden
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Rodríguez-Nogales C, Mura S, Couvreur P, Blanco-Prieto MJ. Squalenoyl-gemcitabine/edelfosine nanoassemblies: Anticancer activity in pediatric cancer cells and pharmacokinetic profile in mice. Int J Pharm 2020; 582:119345. [PMID: 32311470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the great advances accomplished in the treatment of pediatric cancers, recurrences and metastases still exacerbate prognosis in some aggressive solid tumors such as neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma. In view of the poor efficacy and toxicity of current chemotherapeutic treatments, we propose a single multitherapeutic nanotechnology-based strategy by co-assembling in the same nanodevice two amphiphilic antitumor agents: squalenoyl-gemcitabine and edelfosine. Homogeneous batches of nanoassemblies were easily formulated by the nanoprecipitation method. Their anticancer activity was tested in pediatric cancer cell lines and pharmacokinetic studies were performed in mice. In vitro assays revealed a synergistic effect when gemcitabine was co-administered with edelfosine. Squalenoyl-gemcitabine/edelfosine nanoassemblies were found to be capable of intracellular translocation in patient-derived metastatic pediatric osteosarcoma cells and showed a better antitumor profile than squalenoyl-gemcitabine nanoassemblies alone. The intravenous administration of this combinatorial nanomedicine in mice exhibited a controlled release behavior of gemcitabine and diminished edelfosine plasma peak concentrations. These findings make it a suitable pre-clinical candidate for childhood cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rodríguez-Nogales
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - S Mura
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - P Couvreur
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - M J Blanco-Prieto
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain.
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Limaye A, Sweta J, Madhavi M, Mudgal U, Mukherjee S, Sharma S, Hussain T, Nayarisseri A, Singh SK. In Silico Insights on GD2 : A Potential Target for Pediatric Neuroblastoma. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2766-2781. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191112115333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background:Originating from the abnormal growth of neuroblasts, pediatric neuroblastoma affects the age group below 15 years. It is an aggressive heterogenous cancer with a high morbidity rate. Biological marker GD2 synthesised by the GD2 gene acts as a powerful predictor of neuroblastoma cells. GD2 gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids. Differential expression during brain development governs the function of the GD2. The present study explains the interaction of the GD2 with its established inhibitors and discovers the compound having a high binding affinity against the target protein. Technically, during the development of new compounds through docking studies, the best drug among all pre-exist inhibitors was filtered. Hence in reference to the best docked compound, the study proceeded further.Methodology:The In silico approach provides a platform to determine and establish potential inhibitor against GD2 in Pediatric neuroblastoma. The 3D structure of GD2 protein was modelled by homology base fold methods using Smith-Watermans’ Local alignment. A total of 18 established potent compounds were subjected to molecular docking and Etoposide (CID: 36462) manifested the highest affinity. The similarity search presented 336 compounds similar to Etoposide.Results:Through virtual screening, the compound having PubChem ID 10254934 showed a better affinity towards GD2 than the established inhibitor. The comparative profiling of the two compounds based on various interactions such as H-bond interaction, aromatic interactions, electrostatic interactions and ADMET profiling and toxicity studies were performed using various computational tools.Conclusion:The docking separated the virtual screened drug (PubChemID: 10254934) from the established inhibitor with a better re-rank score of -136.33. The toxicity profile of the virtual screened drug was also lesser (less lethal) than the established drug. The virtual screened drug was observed to be bioavailable as it does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Conclusively, the virtual screened compound obtained in the present investigation is better than the established inhibitor and can be further augmented by In vitro analysis, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Limaye
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jajoriya Sweta
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Maddala Madhavi
- Department of Zoology, Nizam College, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500001, Telangana State, India
| | - Urvy Mudgal
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sourav Mukherjee
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shreshtha Sharma
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Tajamul Hussain
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anuraj Nayarisseri
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Rodríguez-Nogales C, Noguera R, Couvreur P, Blanco-Prieto MJ. Therapeutic Opportunities in Neuroblastoma Using Nanotechnology. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:625-635. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.255067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Combined effects of curcumin and doxorubicin on cell death and cell migration of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:629-639. [PMID: 30136034 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0288-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common cancer of the sympathetic nervous system in children. Here, the influences of curcumin on survival, apoptosis, migration, and its combined effects with doxorubicin were investigated in SH-SY5Y cells by cell survival assay, flow cytometry, migration assays, and RT-PCR. Curcumin inhibited SH-SY5Y cell growth and induced apoptosis in dose- and time-dependent manners. This apoptotic induction relied on the upregulation of p53 and p21. Moreover, the treatment of curcumin for 24 h significantly suppressed cell migration, together with the downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and upregulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1). The combination of curcumin augmented the anticancer activity of doxorubicin and significantly induced apoptosis. Pretreatment with curcumin increased the fraction of doxorubicin-induced apoptotic cells from 21.76 ± 0.50 to 57.74 ± 2.68%. Co-treatment with doxorubicin plus curcumin further inhibited 3D tumor migration. Altogether, the results suggest that curcumin suppresses growth and migration of SH-SY5Y cells and enhances the anticancer activity of doxorubicin. The addition of curcumin to therapeutic regimens may be promising for the treatment of neuroblastomas if a number of problems related to its in vivo bioavailability can be resolved. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Ning BT, Yu B, Chan S, Chan JL, Huang JD, Chan GCF. Treatment of Neuroblastoma with an Engineered "Obligate" Anaerobic Salmonella typhimurium Strain YB1. J Cancer 2017; 8:1609-1618. [PMID: 28775780 PMCID: PMC5535716 DOI: 10.7150/jca.18776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Neuroblastoma is an embryonic solid tumor derived from the progenitors of the sympathetic nervous system. More than half of the patients developed metastatic disease at the time of initial diagnosis and had poor outcome with current therapeutic approaches. In recent years, some obligate and facultative anaerobic bacteria were reported to target the hypoxic and necrotic region of solid tumor models and caused tumor regression. We recently successfully constructed an "obligate" anaerobic Salmonella strain YB1 that was applied in breast cancer nude mice model by us. Here, we report the application of YB1 in neuroblastoma treatment. Methods The anti-cancer effect and side-effects of YB1 was examined in both in vitro and in vivo experiment. Previous established orthotopic neuroblastoma SCID/beige murine model using SK-NLP/luciferase cell line was adopted. ResultsIn vitro, YB1 induced apoptosis for up to 31.4% of the neuroblastoma cells under anaerobic condition, three times more than that under aerobic condition (10.9%). The expression of both Toll like Receptor 4 and 5 (TLR4 and TLR5) in cancer cells were significantly up-regulated (p<0.05, p<0.01 respectively) after the treatment of YB1 under anaerobic condition. In mouse model, YB1 preferentially accumulated inside the core of the tumors, rather than in normal tissues as our previous reported. This is suggestive of the hypoxic nature of tumor core. Tumor growth was significantly retarded in YB1 treatment group (n=6, P<0.01). Furthermore, there was no long-term organ damage noted in all the organs examined including heart, lung, liver, spleen and brain in the YB1 treated mice. Conclusion The genetic modified Salmonella strain YB1 is a promising anti-tumor strategy against the tumor bulk for neuroblastoma. Future study can be extended to other common cancer types to verify the relative efficacy on different neoplastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Tao Ning
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children's medical Center affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.,Department of Peadiatrics & Adolescent, Queen Mary Hospital, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Shing Chan
- Department of Peadiatrics & Adolescent, Queen Mary Hospital, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Jian-Liang Chan
- Department of Peadiatrics & Adolescent, Queen Mary Hospital, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Godfrey Chi-Fung Chan
- Department of Peadiatrics & Adolescent, Queen Mary Hospital, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.,Center of Cancer Research, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
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So WW, Liu WN, Leung KN. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Trigger Cell Cycle Arrest and Induce Apoptosis in Human Neuroblastoma LA-N-1 Cells. Nutrients 2015; 7:6956-73. [PMID: 26295255 PMCID: PMC4555158 DOI: 10.3390/nu7085319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids are dietary long-chain fatty acids with an array of health benefits. Previous research has demonstrated the growth-inhibitory effect of n-3 fatty acids on different cancer cell lines in vitro, yet their anti-tumor effects and underlying action mechanisms on human neuroblastoma LA-N-1 cells have not yet been reported. In this study, we showed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) exhibited time- and concentration-dependent anti-proliferative effect on the human neuroblastoma LA-N-1 cells, but had minimal cytotoxicity on the normal or non-tumorigenic cells, as measured by MTT reduction assay. Mechanistic studies indicated that DHA and EPA triggered G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in LA-N-1 cells, as detected by flow cytometry, which was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of CDK2 and cyclin E proteins. Moreover, DHA and EPA could also induce apoptosis in LA-N-1 cells as revealed by an increase in DNA fragmentation, phosphatidylserine externalization and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Up-regulation of Bax, activated caspase-3 and caspase-9 proteins, and down-regulation of Bcl-XL protein, might account for the occurrence of apoptotic events. Collectively, our results suggest that the growth-inhibitory effect of DHA and EPA on LA-N-1 cells might be mediated, at least in part, via triggering of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Therefore, DHA and EPA are potential anti-cancer agents which might be used for the adjuvant therapy or combination therapy with the conventional anti-cancer drugs for the treatment of some forms of human neuroblastoma with minimal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Wing So
- Biochemistry Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wai Nam Liu
- Biochemistry Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kwok Nam Leung
- Biochemistry Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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Verissimo CS, Elands R, Cheng S, Saaltink DJ, ter Horst JP, Alme MN, Pont C, van de Water B, Håvik B, Fitzsimons CP, Vreugdenhil E. Silencing of doublecortin-like (DCL) results in decreased mitochondrial activity and delayed neuroblastoma tumor growth. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75752. [PMID: 24086625 PMCID: PMC3784435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Doublecortin-like (DCL) is a microtubule-binding protein crucial for neuroblastoma (NB) cell proliferation. We have investigated whether the anti-proliferative effect of DCL knockdown is linked to reduced mitochondrial activity. We found a delay in tumor development after DCL knockdown in vivo in doxycycline-inducible NB tumor xenografts. To understand the mechanisms underlying this tumor growth retardation we performed a series of in vitro experiments in NB cell lines. DCL colocalizes with mitochondria, interacts with the mitochondrial outer membrane protein OMP25/ SYNJ2BP and DCL knockdown results in decreased expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, DCL knockdown decreases cytochrome c oxidase activity and ATP synthesis. We identified the C-terminal Serine/Proline-rich domain and the second microtubule-binding area as crucial DCL domains for the regulation of cytochrome c oxidase activity and ATP synthesis. Furthermore, DCL knockdown causes a significant reduction in the proliferation rate of NB cells under an energetic challenge induced by low glucose availability. Together with our previous studies, our results corroborate DCL as a key player in NB tumor growth in which DCL controls not only mitotic spindle formation and the stabilization of the microtubule cytoskeleton, but also regulates mitochondrial activity and energy availability, which makes DCL a promising molecular target for NB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla S. Verissimo
- Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- * E-mail: (CSV); (EV)
| | - Rachel Elands
- Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sou Cheng
- Prosensa Therapeutics B.V., Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk-Jan Saaltink
- Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Judith P. ter Horst
- Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Maria N. Alme
- Department of Biomedicine, K. G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Chantal Pont
- Division of Toxicology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bob van de Water
- Division of Toxicology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bjarte Håvik
- Dr. E. Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Carlos P. Fitzsimons
- Centre for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erno Vreugdenhil
- Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Migraine Research Group, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- * E-mail: (CSV); (EV)
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Gamell C, Schofield AV, Suryadinata R, Sarcevic B, Bernard O. LIMK2 mediates resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs in neuroblastoma cells through regulation of drug-induced cell cycle arrest. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72850. [PMID: 23991158 PMCID: PMC3749167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major obstacle for the successful treatment of many malignancies, including neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. Therefore, current attempts to improve the survival of neuroblastoma patients, as well as those with other cancers, largely depend on strategies to counter cancer cell drug resistance; hence, it is critical to understand the molecular mechanisms that mediate resistance to chemotherapeutics. The levels of LIM-kinase 2 (LIMK2) are increased in neuroblastoma cells selected for their resistance to microtubule-targeted drugs, suggesting that LIMK2 might be a possible target to overcome drug resistance. Here, we report that depletion of LIMK2 sensitizes SHEP neuroblastoma cells to several microtubule-targeted drugs, and that this increased sensitivity correlates with enhanced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, we show that LIMK2 modulates microtubule acetylation and the levels of tubulin Polymerization Promoting Protein 1 (TPPP1), suggesting that LIMK2 may participate in the mitotic block induced by microtubule-targeted drugs through regulation of the microtubule network. Moreover, LIMK2-depleted cells also show an increased sensitivity to certain DNA-damage agents, suggesting that LIMK2 might act as a general pro-survival factor. Our results highlight the exciting possibility of combining specific LIMK2 inhibitors with anticancer drugs in the treatment of multi-drug resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gamell
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Unit, St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alice V. Schofield
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Unit, St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine at St. Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Randy Suryadinata
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Unit, St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Boris Sarcevic
- Department of Medicine at St. Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Unit, St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ora Bernard
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Unit, St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine at St. Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis of Neuroblastoma Cells Through ROS-Independent MEK/ERK Activation by Sulforaphane. Cell Biochem Biophys 2013; 66:765-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9522-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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13
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Parsons K, Bernhardt B, Strickland B. Targeted Immunotherapy for High-Risk Neuroblastoma—The Role of Monoclonal Antibodies. Ann Pharmacother 2013; 47:210-8. [DOI: 10.1345/aph.1r353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review clinical trials evaluating anti-disialoganglioside (GD2) antibodies in treating high-risk neuroblastoma in children. DATA SOURCES: A literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (all searches 1990-August 2012) using the terms neuroblastoma, immunotherapy, 3F8, ch14.18, and hu14.18. Meeting abstracts presented between 1990 and 2012 from the American Society of Clinical Oncology, European Society for Medical Oncology, the American Society of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Society of Surgical Oncology, and the American Society of Hematology were also evaluated. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All completed and ongoing clinical trials of anti-GD2 antibodies in neuroblastoma were included. References from selected articles were also reviewed to identify additional citations. DATA SYNTHESIS: In 1999, the results of a Children's Cancer Group trial established that consolidation therapy after induction, surgery, and radiation should include purged autologous stem cell rescue followed by maintenance with isotretinoin. Overall survival at 7 years with this regimen remains below 30%. Over the following decade, antibodies targeting GD2, a surface antigen found on the surface of neuroblastoma cells, have emerged as a major therapeutic development for high-risk neuroblastoma. Anti-GD2 antibodies incite immune-mediated cytotoxicity toward neuroblastoma cells when given as monotherapy or in combination with cytokines such as sargramostim (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) or aldesleukin (interleukin-2). Responses to anti-GD2 agents appear most notable in patients with minimal residual disease following standard therapy. A chimeric preparation, ch14.18, is the only anti-GD2 antibody to be evaluated in a large controlled clinical trial, in which it demonstrated overall survival of 86% at 2 years in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Older nonrandomized studies of ch14.18 monotherapy and 3F8, a murine antibody, suggest this survival rate remains between 50 and 85% at 5 years posttreatment. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple GD2-specific monoclonal antibodies have been researched over the last decade in patients diagnosed with high-risk neuroblastoma. One anti-GD2 antibody, ch14.18, was found to significantly improve event-free and overall survival of high-risk neuroblastoma. Therefore, the standard approach to treating high-risk neuroblastoma is likely to undergo a major shift once an anti-GD2 antibody becomes commercially available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Parsons
- Kerry Parsons PharmD BCOP, Pediatric Oncology Pharmacist, Department of Pharmacy, Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL
| | - Brooke Bernhardt
- Brooke Bernhardt PharmD BCOP, Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pharmacy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Brandy Strickland
- Brandy Strickland PharmD BCOP, Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pharmacy, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC
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14
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Posadas I, Santos P, Ceña V. Acetaminophen induces human neuroblastoma cell death through NFKB activation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50160. [PMID: 23166834 PMCID: PMC3500330 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma resistance to apoptosis may contribute to the aggressive behavior of this tumor. Therefore, it would be relevant to activate endogenous cellular death mechanisms as a way to improve neuroblastoma therapy. We used the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line as a model to study the mechanisms involved in acetaminophen (AAP)-mediated toxicity by measuring CYP2E1 enzymatic activity, NFkB p65 subunit activation and translocation to the nucleus, Bax accumulation into the mitochondria, cytochrome c release and caspase activation. AAP activates the intrinsic death pathway in the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line. AAP metabolism is partially responsible for this activation, because blockade of the cytochrome CYP2E1 significantly reduced but did not totally prevent, AAP-induced SH-SY5Y cell death. AAP also induced NFkB p65 activation by phosphorylation and its translocation to the nucleus, where NFkB p65 increased IL-1β production. This increase contributed to neuroblastoma cell death through a mechanism involving Bax accumulation into the mitochondria, cytochrome c release and caspase3 activation. Blockade of NFkB translocation to the nucleus by the peptide SN50 prevented AAP-mediated cell death and IL-1β production. Moreover, overexpression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-xL did not decrease AAP-mediated IL-1β production, but prevented both AAP and IL-1β-mediated cell death. We also confirmed the AAP toxic actions on SK-N-MC neuroepithelioma and U87MG glioblastoma cell lines. The results presented here suggest that AAP activates the intrinsic death pathway in neuroblastoma cells through a mechanism involving NFkB and IL-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Posadas
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, UCLM-CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Santos
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, UCLM-CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Valentín Ceña
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, UCLM-CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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15
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Verissimo CS, Cheng S, Puigvert JC, Qin Y, Vroon A, van Deutekom J, Price LS, Danen EHJ, van de Water B, Fitzsimons CP, Vreugdenhil E. Combining doublecortin-like kinase silencing and vinca alkaloids results in a synergistic apoptotic effect in neuroblastoma cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012; 342:119-30. [PMID: 22490379 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.188813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-destabilizing agents, such as vinca alkaloids (VAs), are part of the treatment currently applied in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (NB). However, the development of drug resistance and toxicity make NB difficult to treat with these drugs. In this study we explore the combination of VAs (vincristine or vinblastine) with knockdown of the microtubule-associated proteins encoded by the doublecortin-like kinase (DCLK) gene by using short interference RNA (siRNA). We examined the effect of VAs and DCLK knockdown on the microtubule network by immunohistochemistry. We performed dose-response studies on cell viability and proliferation. By combining VA with DCLK knockdown we observed a strong reduction in the EC(50) to induce cell death: up to 7.3-fold reduction of vincristine and 21.1-fold reduction of vinblastine. Using time-lapse imaging of phosphatidylserine translocation and a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling-based assay, we found a significant increase of apoptosis by the combined treatment. Induction of caspase-3 activity, as detected via cleavage of N-acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin, showed a 3.3- to 12.0-fold increase in the combined treatment. We detected significant increases in caspase-8 activity as well. Moreover, the multidrug dose effect calculated by using the median effect method showed a strong synergistic inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis at most of the combined concentrations of siRNAs and VAs. Together, our data demonstrate that the silencing of DCLK sensitizes NB cells to VAs, resulting in a synergetic apoptotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla S Verissimo
- Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Goldberg AA, Beach A, Davies GF, Harkness TAA, Leblanc A, Titorenko VI. Lithocholic bile acid selectively kills neuroblastoma cells, while sparing normal neuronal cells. Oncotarget 2012; 2:761-82. [PMID: 21992775 PMCID: PMC3248158 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the major risk factors of cancer. The onset of cancer can be postponed by pharmacological and dietary anti-aging interventions. We recently found in yeast cellular models of aging that lithocholic acid (LCA) extends longevity. Here we show that, at concentrations that are not cytotoxic to primary cultures of human neurons, LCA kills the neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines BE(2)-m17, SK-n-SH, SK-n-MCIXC and Lan-1. In BE(2)-m17, SK-n-SH and SK-n-MCIXC cells, the LCA anti-tumor effect is due to apoptotic cell death. In contrast, the LCA-triggered death of Lan-1 cells is not caused by apoptosis. While low concentrations of LCA sensitize BE(2)-m17 and SK-n-MCIXC cells to hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death controlled by mitochondria, these LCA concentrations make primary cultures of human neurons resistant to such a form of cell death. LCA kills BE(2)-m17 and SK-n-MCIXC cell lines by triggering not only the intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptotic cell death pathway driven by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and initiator caspase-9 activation, but also the extrinsic (death receptor) pathway of apoptosis involving activation of the initiator caspase-8. Based on these data, we propose a mechanism underlying a potent and selective anti-tumor effect of LCA in cultured human NB cells. Moreover, our finding that LCA kills cultured human breast cancer and rat glioma cells implies that it has a broad anti-tumor effect on cancer cells derived from different tissues and organisms.
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Verissimo CS, Molenaar JJ, Fitzsimons CP, Vreugdenhil E. Neuroblastoma therapy: what is in the pipeline? Endocr Relat Cancer 2011; 18:R213-31. [PMID: 21971288 DOI: 10.1530/erc-11-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the expansion of knowledge about neuroblastoma (NB) in recent years, the therapeutic outcome for children with a high-risk NB has not significantly improved. Therefore, more effective therapies are needed. This might be achieved by aiming future efforts at recently proposed but not yet developed targets for NB therapy. In this review, we discuss the recently proposed molecular targets that are in clinical trials and, in particular, those that are not yet explored in the clinic. We focus on the selection of these molecular targets for which promising in vitro and in vivo results have been obtained by silencing/inhibiting them. In addition, these selected targets are involved at least in one of the NB tumorigenic processes: proliferation, anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis and/or metastasis. In particular, we will review a recently proposed target, the microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) encoded by doublecortin-like kinase gene (DCLK1). DCLK1-derived MAPs are crucial for proliferation and survival of neuroblasts and are highly expressed not only in NB but also in other tumours such as gliomas. Additionally, we will discuss neuropeptide Y, its Y2 receptor and cathepsin L as examples of targets to decrease angiogenesis and metastasis of NB. Furthermore, we will review the micro-RNAs that have been proposed as therapeutic targets for NB. Detailed investigation of these not yet developed targets as well as exploration of multi-target approaches might be the key to a more effective NB therapy, i.e. increasing specificity, reducing toxicity and avoiding long-term side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla S Verissimo
- Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Gorlaeus Laboratories, The Netherlands
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Øra I, Eggert A. Progress in treatment and risk stratification of neuroblastoma: impact on future clinical and basic research. Semin Cancer Biol 2011; 21:217-28. [PMID: 21798350 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Close international collaboration between pediatric oncologists has led to marked improvements in the cure of patients, seen as a long-term overall survival rate of about 80%. Despite this progress, neuroblastoma remains a challenging disease for both clinicians and researchers. Major clinical problems include lack of acceptable cure rates in high-risk neuroblastoma and potential overtreatment of subsets of patients at low and intermediate risk of the disease. Many years of intensive international cooperation have recently led to a promising joint effort to further improve risk classification for treatment stratification, the new International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Classification System. This approach will facilitate comparison of the results of clinical trials performed by different international collaborative groups. This, in turn, should accelerate refinement of risk stratification and thereby aid selection of appropriate therapies for individual patients. To be able to identify new therapeutic modalities, it will be necessary to elucidate the pathogenesis of the different subtypes of neuroblastoma. Basic and translational research have provided new tools for molecular characterization of blood and tumor samples including high-throughput technologies for analysis of DNA, mRNAs, microRNAs and other non-coding RNAs, as well as proteins and epigenetic markers. Most of these studies are array-based in design. In neuroblastoma research they aim to refine risk group stratification through incorporation of molecular tumor fingerprints and also to enable personalized treatment modalities by describing the underlying pathogenesis and aberrant signaling pathways in individual tumors. To make optimal use of these new technologies for the benefit of the patient, it is crucial to have a systematic and detailed documentation of both clinical and molecular data from diagnosis through treatment to follow-up. Close collaboration between clinicians and basic scientists will provide access to combined clinical and molecular data sets and will create more efficient steps in response to the remaining treatment challenges. This review describes the current efforts and trends in neuroblastoma research from a clinical perspective in order to highlight the urgent clinical problems we must address together with basic researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Øra
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Then C, Ebelt K, Langer A, Mayr D, Schmidmaier R, Oduncu F. Neuroblastoma in a 55-year-old patient: a case report. Case Rep Oncol 2010; 3:458-62. [PMID: 21611143 PMCID: PMC3100267 DOI: 10.1159/000322863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastomas account for 97% of all neuroblastic tumors and for approximately 15% of all pediatric cancer fatalities. However, in adults neuroblastoma is a very rare finding. Case Report Here, we present the case of a 55-year-old patient who was diagnosed with neuroblastoma stage IV one year after the false diagnosis of a non-secretory multiple myeloma. Results The patient received six cycles of a chemotherapy protocol with cisplatin, etoposide and vindesine alternating with vincristine, dacarbazine, ifosfamide and doxorubicin, but the response to treatment was insufficient (stable disease). Conclusion The standard chemotherapy protocols used for children are not sufficient for adult patients. Different treatment approaches are needed to improve the prognosis of adult patients with neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Then
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, University Hospital Munich, Germany
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