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Wang H, Wang X, Li T, Lai D, Zhang YD. Adverse effect signature extraction and prediction for drugs treating COVID-19. Front Genet 2022; 13:1019940. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1019940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the considerable cost of drug discovery, drug repurposing is becoming attractive as it can effectively shorten the development timeline and reduce the development cost. However, most existing drug-repurposing methods omitted the heterogeneous health conditions of different COVID-19 patients. In this study, we evaluated the adverse effect (AE) profiles of 106 COVID-19 drugs. We extracted four AE signatures to characterize the AE distribution of 106 COVID-19 drugs by non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). By integrating the information from four distinct databases (AE, bioassay, chemical structure, and gene expression information), we predicted the AE profiles of 91 drugs with inadequate AE feedback. For each of the drug clusters, discriminant genes accounting for mechanisms of different AE signatures were identified by sparse linear discriminant analysis. Our findings can be divided into three parts. First, drugs abundant with AE-signature 1 (for example, remdesivir) should be taken with caution for patients with poor liver, renal, or cardiac functions, where the functional genes accumulate in the RHO GTPases Activate NADPH Oxidases pathway. Second, drugs featuring AE-signature 2 (for example, hydroxychloroquine) are unsuitable for patients with vascular disorders, with relevant genes enriched in signal transduction pathways. Third, drugs characterized by AE signatures 3 and 4 have relatively mild AEs. Our study showed that NMF and network-based frameworks contribute to more precise drug recommendations.
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Drivers of absolute systemic bioavailability after oral pulmonary inhalation in humans. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 164:36-53. [PMID: 33895293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There are few studies in humans dealing with the relationship between physico-chemical properties of drugs and their systemic bioavailability after administration via oral inhalation route (Fpulm). Getting further insight in the determinants of Fpulm after oral pulmonary inhalation could be of value for drugs considered for a systemic delivery as a result of poor oral bioavailability, as well as for drugs considered for a local delivery to anticipate their undesirable systemic effects. To better delineate the parameters influencing the systemic delivery after oral pulmonary inhalation in humans, we studied the influence of physico-chemical and permeability properties obtained in silico on the rate and extent of Fpulm in a series of 77 compounds with or without marketing approval for pulmonary delivery, and intended either for local or for systemic delivery. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed mainly that Fpulm was positively correlated with Papp and negatively correlated with %TPSA, without a significant influence of solubility and ionization fraction, and no apparent link with lipophilicity and drug size parameters. As a result of the small sample set, the performance of the different models as predictive of Fpulm were quite average with random forest algorithm displaying the best performance. As a whole, the different models captured between 50 and 60% of the variability with a prediction error of less than 20%. Tmax data suggested a significant positive influence of lipophilicity on absorption rate while charge apparently had no influence. A significant linear relationship between Cmax and dose (R2 = "0.79) highlighted that Cmax was primarily dependent on dose and absorption rate and could be used to estimate Cmax in humans for new inhaled drugs.
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Karaçor T, Dogan Z, Elibol E, Bulbul M, Nacar MC. Effects of iloprost on experimental ischemia and reperfusion injury in rat ovary. Biotech Histochem 2020; 95:373-380. [PMID: 31937143 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1703219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the protective effect of iloprost against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat ovary. We used 32 female Sprague-Dawley rats randomly allocated to four experimental groups: sham, ischemia, I/R and I/R + iloprost. Ovarian torsion was established in all rats except the sham group. The torsion group was exposed to ischemia for 3 h. The detorsion group was exposed to 3 h ischemia applied + 3 h reperfusion. The detorsion + iloprost group was exposed to ischemia for 3 h + reperfusion for 3 h + intravenous (IV) iloprost infusion for 60 min starting at the beginning of reperfusion. Ovaries were removed and prepared for histopathological evaluation. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the blood. The total histopathological injury score and MDA level of the ischemia group were significantly higher than for the sham group. Ovarian injury score and MDA level following I/R increased compared to the ischemia group. Iloprost administration reduced the total injury score and MDA level. The GSH level was higher in the I/R + iloprost group than in the I/R group. We concluded that IV iloprost administration reduces I/R injury in rat ovarian tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Karaçor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Z Dogan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - E Elibol
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - M Bulbul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - M C Nacar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
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Claßen T, Becker A, Landgraeber S, Haversath M, Li X, Zilkens C, Krauspe R, Jäger M. Long-term Clinical Results after Iloprost Treatment for Bone Marrow Edema and Avascular Necrosis. Orthop Rev (Pavia) 2016; 8:6150. [PMID: 27114807 PMCID: PMC4821225 DOI: 10.4081/or.2016.6150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatments of avascular osteonecrosis (AVN) include both conservative and surgical methods which are dependent on the stage and progression of the disease. The vasoactive-prostaglandin-analogue iloprost (PGI2) has been utilized in several areas of medicine and recently has been used for the treatment of AVN. A total of 108 patients with 136 osteonecrosis of different joints, etiology and severity were treated with iloprost. The mean follow-up was 49.71 months: range 15-96 months, and outcome measurements recorded regarding subjective complaints, visual analog scale (pain), function and survival. The outcome scores used include the Harris Hip Score, Knee Society score, Foot and Ankle Survey, visual analogue scale (VAS) and a separate questionnaire. The location and etiology of AVN in our study demonstrated the typical pattern. All of the observed side effects of the therapy were minor and completely reversible. Most of patients (74.8%) showed a significant improvement of subjective complaints and decrease in VAS pain scores after the treatment with iloprost. However, 20% of the treated joints with the stadium Association for Research on Osseous Circulation (ARCO) grade 2, 71% with ARCO 3 and 100% with ARCO 4 underwent subsequent total joint replacement. The medical treatment of bone marrow edema or avascular osteonecrosis by Iloprost provides an safe and effective alternative strategy in the management of AVN presenting in the early stages (ARCO 1 or 2). For more advanced stages (ARCO 3 or 4), surgical intervention should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Claßen
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Antonia Becker
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Landgraeber
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Haversath
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Xinning Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christoph Zilkens
- Department of Orthopedics, Heinrich-Heine University , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Krauspe
- Department of Orthopedics, Heinrich-Heine University , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcus Jäger
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
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Uña Orejón R, Altit Millán E, Aguar Fernández M, Ureta Tolsada MP. [Catecholamine-secreting paraganglioma in a patient with Eisenmenger syndrome and a single ventricle. Nitric oxide administration and minimally invasive haemodynamic monitoring]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 63:172-6. [PMID: 26235172 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Surgery for catecholamine-secreting neuroendocrine tumours poses a high anaesthetic risk that might increase due to coexisting congenital heart diseases, such as a single ventricle and Eisenmenger syndrome. This report emphasises the usefulness of pulse range haemodynamic monitoring over thermodilution in a patient with a single ventricle. In addition, the importance of nitric oxide is stressed in the management of respiratory problems associated to surgical-related pulmonary hypertension. As to the anaesthetic techniques, none is preferred as long as the one chosen has no haemodynamic repercussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Uña Orejón
- Jefe de Sección Bloque Quirúrgico, Servicio de Anestesiología, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, España.
| | - E Altit Millán
- FEA, Servicio de Anestesiología, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, España
| | - M Aguar Fernández
- Departamento de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital General La Paz, Madrid, España
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Elphick M, von Hollen D, Pritchard JN, Nikander K, Hardaker LEA, Hatley RHM. Factors to consider when selecting a nebulizer for a new inhaled drug product development program. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1375-87. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1014339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension receiving inhaled iloprost in a single centre to evaluate long-term tolerability, safety, and efficacy of chronic inhaled iloprost therapy in children. METHODS A total of 20 patients with either idiopathic or associated pulmonary arterial hypertension were treated with iloprost between April, 2003 and January, 2010. The median age and weight of the patients were 3.8 years--ranging from 4 months to 19 years--and 12.3 kilograms--ranging from 4 to 73 kilograms-- respectively. Pulmonary arterial hypertension was idiopathic or hereditary in eight patients (40%) and associated with congenital cardiac disease in 12 patients (60%). RESULTS Of the 20 patients, 15 had combined therapy--12 patients with two and three patients with three different classes of drugs. In all, six patients died during follow-up. The median follow-up time was 18 months, ranging from 6 to 74 months. The 6-minute walking test was performed in 7 out of 20 patients at baseline and on follow-up. The median 6-minute walking test increased from 420 to 490 metres after iloprost therapy (p = 0.028). After initiation of iloprost therapy, one patient complained of headache and another had a rash around his mouth, none necessitating discontinuation of therapy. Overall compliance with inhaled iloprost was good. CONCLUSION Pulmonary hypertension is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Careful assessment of each patient and timely combination of specific vasodilator therapy is needed to improve clinical outcomes. This study suggests that inhaled iloprost, with or without concomitant endotelin receptor antagonist and/or phosphodiesterase inhibitor, is safe and efficacious for treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension in children.
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Ewert R, Gläser S, Bollmann T, Schäper C. Inhaled iloprost for therapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Expert Rev Respir Med 2011; 5:145-52. [PMID: 21510725 DOI: 10.1586/ers.11.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Iloprost (Ventavis, Bayer Schering Pharma, Germany) is a synthetic prostacyclin that is used in its inhalative form for the therapy of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Long-term therapy can increase exercise capacity and quality of life. The use of modern nebulizers especially designed for the administration of iloprost guarantees the pulmonary deposition of the required doses and systematically minimizes side effects. Regarding existing data, inhalative iloprost acts in effective and safe combination with other classes of medication; indeed, such combination therapy is frequently necessary in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Ewert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
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Zilkens C, Miese F, Jäger M, Bittersohl B, Krauspe R. Magnetic resonance imaging of hip joint cartilage and labrum. Orthop Rev (Pavia) 2011; 3:e9. [PMID: 22053256 PMCID: PMC3206516 DOI: 10.4081/or.2011.e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hip joint instability and impingement are the most common biomechanical risk factors that put the hip joint at risk to develop premature osteoarthritis. Several surgical procedures like periacetabular osteotomy for hip dysplasia or hip arthroscopy or safe surgical hip dislocation for femoroacetabular impingement aim at restoring the hip anatomy. However, the success of joint preserving surgical procedures is limited by the amount of pre-existing cartilage damage. Biochemically sensitive MRI techniques like delayed Gadolinium Enhanced MRI of Cartilage (dGEMRIC) might help to monitor the effect of surgical or non-surgical procedures in the effort to halt or even reverse joint damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Zilkens
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Germany
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The potential for inhaled treprostinil in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2011; 5:195-206. [DOI: 10.1177/1753465810397693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhaled treprostinil is a safe and well-tolerated approved pharmaceutical for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. In a series of open-label studies and in the pivotal trial with 253 patients, this long-acting prostacyclin analogue demonstrated pronounced pulmonary selectivity of vasodilatory effects, improved physical capacity and excellent tolerability and safety following aerosol administration. For efficient treatment, only four daily inhalations of treprostinil are necessary compared with six to nine in iloprost aerosol therapy. This review describes in detail the development of inhaled treprostinil, starting with intravenous epoprostenol followed by inhaled iloprost and subcutaneous treprostinil, all three representing well-established and widely approved prostanoid therapies for pulmonary hypertension. In order to circumvent the drawbacks of intravenous epoprostenol, stable prostacyclin analogues with similar pharmacological properties have been investigated. In addition, alternative routes of administration have been proposed and evaluated, mainly inhaled and subcutaneous delivery. The concept of inhaled treprostinil was to combine the pulmonary selectivity of an aerosolized vasodilator with the long-acting effects of a stable prostacyclin analogue. Pulmonary arterial hypertension remains, however, a severe, life-threatening disease, in spite of the enormous progress in specific drug therapy over the last decade. Therefore, further improvement of drug therapy will be essential, with clear potential for inhaled treprostinil: a reduction of inhalation frequency and duration would markedly improve quality of life and compliance, and a longer-lasting local prostanoid effect might further enhance the efficacy of inhaled treprostinil. The advantageous pharmacological properties of treprostinil offer the opportunity to establish a convenient metered dose inhaler as a delivery system, to combine inhaled treprostinil with available or future drugs for pulmonary arterial hypertension, or to develop sustained release formulations of treprostinil suitable for inhalation based on liposomes or biodegradable nanoparticles.
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Efficiency of iloprost treatment for osseous malperfusion. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2010; 35:761-5. [PMID: 20306261 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-010-0998-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 03/04/2010] [Accepted: 03/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient osseous blood supply results in bone marrow oedema (BMO) and/or avascular necrosis (AVN). One treatment option to support osseous perfusion is the application of stable prostacycline analog iloprost. In this clinical study, 95 patients were treated with iloprost for BMO/AVN. One hundred eighty-six bones were affected by BMO/AVN before treatment. Average follow-up was 33.0 ± 17.6 months. Pain levels could be reduced (e.g. visual analogue scale, 5.0 ± 2.2 points reduced to 1.7 ± 2.2 points) and functional scores improved (Harris hip score, 52 ± 21 points to 79 ± 17 points) in the course of treatment. According to current data, healing of advanced stages of osteonecrosis is not possible. However, the results of this case series confirm previous findings that in early stages of insufficient osseous blood flow iloprost can contribute to the relief of pain and improve joint function.
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Ewert R, Schäper C, Halank M, Gläser S, Opitz CF. Inhalative iloprost – pharmacology and clinical application. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2009; 10:2195-207. [DOI: 10.1517/14656560903164228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Jäger M, Tillmann FP, Thornhill TS, Mahmoudi M, Blondin D, Hetzel GR, Zilkens C, Krauspe R. Rationale for prostaglandin I2 in bone marrow oedema--from theory to application. Arthritis Res Ther 2008; 10:R120. [PMID: 18834533 PMCID: PMC2592809 DOI: 10.1186/ar2526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2007] [Revised: 09/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bone marrow oedema (BME) and avascular osteonecrosis (AVN) are disorders of unclear origin. Although there are numerous operative and non-operative treatments for AVN, pain management in patients with AVN remains challenging. Prostaglandins play an important role in inflammatory responses and cell differentiation. It is thought that prostaglandin I2 ([PGI2] or synonoma prostacyclin) and its analogues promote bone regeneration on a cellular or systemic level. The purpose of this study was to assess the curative and symptomatic efficacy of the prostacyclin analogue iloprost in BME and AVN patients. Method We are reporting on 50 patients (117 bones) affected by BME/AVN who were treated with iloprost. Pain levels before, during and 3 and 6 months after iloprost application were evaluated by a visual analogue scale (VAS). The short form(SF)-36 health survey served to judge general health status before and after treatment. Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Knee Society Score (KSS) were performed as functional scores and MRI and X-rays before and 3 and 6 months after iloprost application served as objective parameters for morphological changes of the affected bones. Results We found a significant improvement in pain, functional and radiological outcome in BME and early AVN stages after iloprost application, whereas patients with advanced AVN stages did not benefit from iloprost infusions. Mean pain level decreased from 5.26 (day 0) to 1.63 (6 months) and both HHS and KSS increased during follow-up. Moreover, the SF-36 increased from 353.2 (day 0) to 560.5 points (6 months). We found a significant decrease in BME on MRI scans after iloprost application. Conclusions In addition to other drugs, iloprost may be an alternative substance which should be considered in the treatment of BME/AVN-associated pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Jäger
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Gessler T, Seeger W, Schmehl T. Inhaled Prostanoids in the Therapy of Pulmonary Hypertension. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2008; 21:1-12. [DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2007.0657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Gessler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmehl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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