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El-Kashef DH, Rahim MA. Levocetrizine attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced lung injury through inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β and MMP-9. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 24:76. [PMID: 38082292 PMCID: PMC10712110 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-023-00717-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an antineoplastic drug commonly used worldwide. Despite its spread, it causes fatal organ toxicity. Lung toxicity is a serious side effect of CP. Actually, in the past three years the world has been facing an un-predicted crisis following COVID-19 pandemic and the associated high-mortality rates attributed to respiratory distress. Accordingly; this study aimed to probe the potential prophylactic role of levocetrizine against CP-induced lung injury. Animals were allocated into three sets; control; CP and CP/Levo. CP was intraperitoneally injected in rats 150 mg/kg once on day 7. Levocetrizine was given orally for 14 days starting 7 days before CP injection. On the last day, all rats were sacrificed and lung tissues were kept for analysis. CP significantly elevated lung/body weight index, inflammatory cell counts, LDH, total protein, TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β and histamine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Moreover, it markedly increased expression of MMP-9 and contents of MDA, hydroxyproline, collagen and NOx besides decreasing GSH level and SOD activity in lung tissues. These biochemical results were further confirmed by histopathological examination. In contrast, treatment with levocetrizine significantly attenuated CP-induced pathological alterations. These findings propose that levocetrizine can attenuate CP-induced lung injury via exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia H El-Kashef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Mona Abdel Rahim
- Urology and Nephrology center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Antihistamine Therapy: Levocetirizine in the Practice of a Family Doctor. Fam Med 2019. [DOI: 10.30841/2307-5112.2.2019.174631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Abo Dena AS, Abdel Gaber SA. In vitro drug interaction of levocetirizine and diclofenac: Theoretical and spectroscopic studies. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 181:239-248. [PMID: 28371723 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Levocetirizine dihydrochloride is known to interact with some anti-inflammatory drugs. We report here a comprehensive integrated theoretical and experimental study for the in vitro drug interaction between levocetirizine dihydrochloride (LEV) and diclofenac sodium (DIC). The interaction of the two drugs was confirmed by the molecular ion peak obtained from the mass spectrum of the product. Moreover, FTIR and 1HNMR spectra of the individual drugs and their interaction product were inspected to allocate the possible sites of interaction. In addition, quantum mechanical DFT calculations were performed to search for the interaction sites and to verify the types of interactions deduced from the spectroscopic studies such as charge-transfer and non-bonding π-π interactions. It was found that the studied drugs interact with each other in aqueous solution via four types of interactions, namely, ion-pair formation, three weak hydrogen bonds, non-bonding π-π interactions and charge-transfer from DIC to LEV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Abo Dena
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), P.O. Box 29, Giza, Egypt; Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt (FUE), New Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sara A Abdel Gaber
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo, Egypt
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Munar A, Frazee C, Jones B, Garg U. Cetirizine Quantification by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1383:115-20. [PMID: 26660180 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3252-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), positive ion electrospray ionization, LC/MS/MS method is described for the quantification of cetirizine. The compound was isolated from human plasma by protein precipitation using acetonitrile. Cetirizine d4 was used as an internal standard. Chromatographic conditions were achieved using a C18 column and a combination of ammonium acetate, water, and methanol as the mobile phase. MRMs were: cetirizine, 389.26 → 165.16, 201.09; cetirizine d4, 393.09 → 165.15, 201.10. Calibration curves were constructed by plotting the peak area ratios of the calibrators' target MRM transition area to labeled internal standard target MRM transition area versus concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Munar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Clint Frazee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Bridgette Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Uttam Garg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
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Chen X, Li X, Zhou Y, Wang X, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Huang Y, Liu Y. Chitosan-based thermosensitive hydrogel as a promising ocular drug delivery system: Preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation. J Biomater Appl 2011; 27:391-402. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328211406563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of in situ thermosensitive hydrogel based on chitosan in combination with disodium α-d-Glucose 1-phosphate (DGP) for ocular drug delivery system. Aqueous solution of chitosan/DGP underwent sol–gel transition as temperature increased which was flowing sol at room temperature and then turned into non-flowing hydrogel at physiological temperature. The properties of gels were characterized regarding gelation time, gelation temperature, and morphology. The sol-to-gel phase transition behaviors were affected by the concentrations of chitosan, DGP and the model drug levocetirizine dihydrochloride (LD). The developed hydrogel presented a characteristic of a rapid release at the initial period followed by a sustained release and remarkably enhanced the cornea penetration of LD. The results of ocular irritation demonstrated the excellent ocular tolerance of the hydrogel. The ocular residence time for the hydrogel was significantly prolonged compared with eye drops. The drug-loaded hydrogel produced more effective anti-allergic conjunctivitis effects compared with LD aqueous solution. These results showed that the chitosan/DGP thermosensitive hydrogel could be used as an ideal ocular drug delivery system in terms of the suitable sol–gel transition temperature, mild pH environment in the hydrogel as well as the organic solvent free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinru Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanxia Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yating Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanqing Huang
- Pharmaceutical Teaching Experiment Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Bakulev AL, Kravchenya SS, Murashkin NN, Bakulev AL, Kravchenya SS, Murashkin NN. Administration of levocetirizine (glencet) in eczema patients.Clinical and ultrasonic assessment of the efficacy. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2011. [DOI: 10.25208/vdv1038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
There was a clinical and ultrasonic study of the clinical efficacy of levocetirizine as a part of a complex therapy in 60
patients with eczema. The dynamic calculation of the EASI, EQ-5D and DLQI indices as well as analysis of ultrasound
showings made it possible to confirm the benefits of glencet vs. cetirizine for achieving the clinical effect. The eczema
therapy with glencet contributes to the elimination of both exudative and proliferative parts of the complex pathologic
chain of the disease in patients with this type of dermatosis.
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Zuberbier T, Oanta A, Bogacka E, Medina I, Wesel F, Uhl P, Antépara I, Jáuregui I, Valiente R. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of bilastine 20 mg vs levocetirizine 5 mg for the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria: a multi-centre, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Allergy 2010; 65:516-28. [PMID: 19860762 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02217.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bilastine is a novel nonsedative H(1)-receptor antagonist, which may be used for the symptomatic treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria (CU). The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of bilastine 20 mg vs levocetirizine 5 mg and placebo in CU patients with moderate-to-severe symptoms. METHODS Overall 525 male and female subjects aged 18-70 years were randomized to receive bilastine 20 mg, levocetirizine 5 mg or placebo, once daily for 28 days, in double-blind manner, in 46 centres across Europe and Argentina. Patients rated symptoms of pruritus, number of wheals, and maximum size of wheals (on predefined scales) as reflective (over past 12 h) symptoms twice daily, for assessment of change from baseline in the total symptoms scores (TSS) over 28 days as the primary efficacy measure. Changes in reflective and instantaneous symptoms scores, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and CU-associated discomfort and sleep disturbance were assessed as secondary outcomes. Safety was assessed according to adverse events, laboratory tests and electrocardiograms. RESULTS Bilastine reduced patients' mean reflective and instantaneous TSS from baseline to a significantly greater degree than placebo (P < 0.001); from day 2 onwards of treatment. The DLQI, general discomfort, and sleep disruption were also improved significantly in bilastine-treated patients as compared with placebo-treated patients (P < 0.001 for all parameters). Comparison with levocetirizine indicated both treatments to be equally efficacious as well as equally safe and well tolerated as compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS Bilastine 20 mg is a novel effective and safe treatment option for the management of CU.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zuberbier
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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Walsh GM. The anti-inflammatory effects of levocetirizine--are they clinically relevant or just an interesting additional effect? Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2009; 5:14. [PMID: 20066054 PMCID: PMC2804563 DOI: 10.1186/1710-1492-5-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Levocetirizine, the R-enantiomer of cetirizine dihydrochloride has pharmacodynamically and pharmacokinetically favourable characteristics, including rapid onset of action, high bioavailability, high affinity for and occupancy of the H1-receptor, limited distribution, minimal hepatic metabolism together with minimal untoward effects. Several well conducted randomised clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of levocetirizine for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria in adults and children. In addition to the treatment for the immediate short-term manifestations of allergic disease, there appears to be a growing trend for the use of levocetirizine as long-term therapy. In addition to its being a potent antihistamine, levocetirizine has several documented anti-inflammatory effects that are observed at clinically relevant concentrations that may enhance its therapeutic benefit. This review will consider the potential or otherwise of the reported anti-inflammatory effects of levocetirizine to enhance its effectiveness in the treatment of allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garry M Walsh
- School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
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Scordamaglia F, Compalati E, Baiardini I, Scordamaglia A, Canonica GW. Levocetirizine in the treatment of allergic diseases. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2009; 10:2367-77. [PMID: 19663743 DOI: 10.1517/14656560903193086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Levocetirizine, the R-enantiomer of cetirizine dihydrochloride, is a new molecule with a potent and selective antihistamine activity. OBJECTIVE To investigate the evidence that levocetirizine is an effective therapy for allergic disease. METHODS Evaluation of published articles in English, or having an English abstract. RESULTS Clinical trials indicate that levocetirizine is safe and effective for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria. The compound shows a rapid onset of action, high bioavailability and affinity for the H1 receptor. Moreover, this molecule demonstrates many anti-inflammatory effects that enhance the clinical therapeutic benefit not only in short-term but also in long-term treatments, as reported in recent trials utilizing levocetirizine for several months. CONCLUSION Levocetirizine confirms its safe effective activity for treatment of allergic disease in both adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Scordamaglia
- Genoa University, Department of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Genoa, Italy
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 9:284-90. [DOI: 10.1097/aci.0b013e32832c00ee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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